fixes #21792; enable checks for sum, prod, cumsummed and cumsum (#21793)

* enable checks for sum, prod, cumsummed  and cumsum

* fixes #21792

* add test cases

tests/stdlib/tmath.nim

@@ -439,6 +439,20 @@ template main() =
       doAssert lgamma(-0.0) == Inf
       doAssert lgamma(-1.0) == Inf
 
-
 static: main()
 main()
+
+when not defined(js) and not defined(danger):
+  block: # bug #21792
+    block:
+      type Digit = 0..9
+      var x = [Digit 4, 7]
+
+      doAssertRaises(RangeDefect):
+        discard sum(x)
+
+    block:
+      var x = [int8 124, 127]
+
+      doAssertRaises(OverflowDefect):
+        discard sum(x)