Resolve merge conflicts with devel branch refactoring (#25423)

The PR branch had merge conflicts with `devel` due to a major compiler
refactoring that extracted type definitions from `compiler/ast.nim` into
a new `compiler/astdef.nim` file.

## Changes

- Resolved conflict in `compiler/ast.nim` by accepting `devel`'s
refactored structure
- Merged 763 commits from `devel` branch (commit range:
`ce6a345..b3273e7`)
- Preserved original PR changes removing deprecated symbols from
`lib/core/macros.nim`

The core PR functionality (removal of deprecated macros API since
v0.18.1) remains intact while incorporating the upstream AST
refactoring.

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lib/std/private/digitsutils.nim

@@ -29,18 +29,23 @@ const
 #   doAssert res == digits100
 #   ```
 
-proc utoa2Digits*(buf: var openArray[char]; pos: int; digits: uint32) {.inline.} =
+{.push checks: off, stackTrace: off.}
+
+when not defined(nimHasEnforceNoRaises):
+  {.pragma: enforceNoRaises.}
+
+proc utoa2Digits*(buf: var openArray[char]; pos: int; digits: uint32) {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   buf[pos] = digits100[2 * digits]
   buf[pos+1] = digits100[2 * digits + 1]
   #copyMem(buf, unsafeAddr(digits100[2 * digits]), 2 * sizeof((char)))
 
-proc trailingZeros2Digits*(digits: uint32): int {.inline.} =
+proc trailingZeros2Digits*(digits: uint32): int {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   trailingZeros100[digits]
 
 when defined(js):
   proc numToString(a: SomeInteger): cstring {.importjs: "((#) + \"\")".}
 
-func addChars[T](result: var string, x: T, start: int, n: int) {.inline.} =
+func addChars[T](result: var string, x: T, start: int, n: int) {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   let old = result.len
   result.setLen old + n
   template impl =
@@ -52,10 +57,10 @@ func addChars[T](result: var string, x: T, start: int, n: int) {.inline.} =
       {.noSideEffect.}:
         copyMem result[old].addr, x[start].unsafeAddr, n
 
-func addChars[T](result: var string, x: T) {.inline.} =
+func addChars[T](result: var string, x: T) {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   addChars(result, x, 0, x.len)
 
-func addIntImpl(result: var string, x: uint64) {.inline.} =
+func addIntImpl(result: var string, x: uint64) {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   var tmp {.noinit.}: array[24, char]
   var num = x
   var next = tmp.len - 1
@@ -79,8 +84,6 @@ func addIntImpl(result: var string, x: uint64) {.inline.} =
     dec next
   addChars(result, tmp, next, tmp.len - next)
 
-when not defined(nimHasEnforceNoRaises):
-  {.pragma: enforceNoRaises.}
 
 func addInt*(result: var string, x: uint64) {.enforceNoRaises.} =
   when nimvm: addIntImpl(result, x)
@@ -114,3 +117,5 @@ proc addInt*(result: var string; x: int64) {.enforceNoRaises.} =
 
 proc addInt*(result: var string; x: int) {.inline, enforceNoRaises.} =
   addInt(result, int64(x))
+
+{.pop.}

lib/std/private/miscdollars.nim

@@ -4,7 +4,13 @@ template toLocation*(result: var string, file: string | cstring, line: int, col:
   ## avoids spurious allocations
   # Hopefully this can be re-used everywhere so that if a user needs to customize,
   # it can be done in a single place.
-  result.add file
+  when file is cstring:
+    var i = 0
+    while file[i] != '\0':
+      add(result, file[i])
+      inc i
+  else:
+    result.add file
   if line > 0:
     result.add "("
     addInt(result, line)

lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ proc normalizePathAux(path: var string){.inline, raises: [], noSideEffect.}
 import std/private/osseps
 export osseps
 
-proc absolutePathInternal(path: string): string {.gcsafe.}
+proc absolutePathInternal(path: string): string {.gcsafe, raises: [ValueError, OSerror].}
 
 proc normalizePathEnd*(path: var string, trailingSep = false) =
   ## Ensures ``path`` has exactly 0 or 1 trailing `DirSep`, depending on