diff --git a/compiler/sempass2.nim b/compiler/sempass2.nim
index 7a647c3740..7586e82c75 100644
--- a/compiler/sempass2.nim
+++ b/compiler/sempass2.nim
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ type
     guards: TModel # nested guards
     locked: seq[PNode] # locked locations
     gcUnsafe, isRecursive, isTopLevel, hasSideEffect, inEnforcedGcSafe: bool
+    canRaiseDefect: bool # defects are deliberately omitted from `exc`
     isInnerProc: bool
     inEnforcedNoSideEffects: bool
     isArrayIndexing: bool
@@ -140,6 +141,11 @@ proc createTypeBoundOps(tracked: PEffects, typ: PType; info: TLineInfo; explicit
       createTypeBoundOps(tracked.graph, tracked.c, realType.lastSon, info)
 
   createTypeBoundOps(tracked.graph, tracked.c, typ, info, tracked.c.idgen)
+  for kind in TTypeAttachedOp:
+    let op = getAttachedOp(tracked.graph, typ, kind)
+    if op != nil and sfNeverRaises notin op.flags:
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+      break
   if (tfHasAsgn in typ.flags) or
       optSeqDestructors in tracked.config.globalOptions:
     tracked.owner.flags.incl sfInjectDestructors
@@ -191,6 +197,23 @@ proc shouldWarnRangeConversion(conf: ConfigRef; info: TLineInfo; formalType, arg
   else:
     result = false
 
+proc conversionCanRaiseDefect(conf: ConfigRef; destType, sourceType: PType): bool =
+  ## Keep this in sync with the range checks introduced by `transformConv`.
+  let
+    dest = destType.skipTypes(abstractVarRange)
+    source = sourceType.skipTypes(abstractVarRange)
+  case dest.kind
+  of tyInt..tyInt64, tyEnum, tyChar, tyUInt8..tyUInt32:
+    if not source.isOrdinalType:
+      result = dest.kind in tyInt..tyInt64
+    else:
+      result = firstOrd(conf, destType) > firstOrd(conf, sourceType) or
+        lastOrd(conf, sourceType) > lastOrd(conf, destType)
+  of tyFloat..tyFloat128:
+    result = destType.skipTypes(abstractVar).kind == tyRange
+  else:
+    result = false
+
 proc lockLocations(a: PEffects; pragma: PNode) =
   if pragma.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
     localError(a.config, pragma.info, "locks pragma without argument")
@@ -493,7 +516,9 @@ proc addRaiseEffect(a: PEffects, e, comesFrom: PNode) =
     if sameType(a.graph.excType(aa[i]), a.graph.excType(e)): return
 
   if e.typ != nil:
-    if not isDefectException(e.typ):
+    if isDefectException(e.typ):
+      a.canRaiseDefect = true
+    else:
       throws(a.exc, e, comesFrom)
 
 proc skipHiddenConv(n: PNode): PNode =
@@ -1109,6 +1134,32 @@ proc trackCall(tracked: PEffects; n: PNode) =
         markSideEffect(tracked, a, n.info)
   # p's effects are ours too:
   var a = n[0]
+  if a.kind == nkSym:
+    let s = a.sym
+    case s.magic
+    of mNone:
+      if {sfNeverRaises, sfImportc, sfCompilerProc} * s.flags == {} and
+          (sfSystemModule notin getModule(s).flags or
+           sfSystemRaisesDefect in s.flags):
+        tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    of mUnaryMinusI..mAbsI, mAddI..mPred:
+      if optOverflowCheck in tracked.currOptions:
+        tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    of mInc, mDec:
+      let typ = n[1].typ.skipTypes({tyGenericInst, tyAlias, tySink,
+                                    tyVar, tyLent, tyRange, tyDistinct})
+      if optOverflowCheck in tracked.currOptions and
+          typ.kind notin {tyUInt..tyUInt64}:
+        tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    of mDivU, mModU:
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    of mAddF64..mDivF64:
+      if {optNaNCheck, optInfCheck} * tracked.currOptions != {}:
+        tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    else:
+      discard
+  else:
+    tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
   #if canRaise(a):
   #  echo "this can raise ", tracked.config $ n.info
   let op = a.typ
@@ -1347,6 +1398,7 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
     else:
       track(tracked, n[0])
   of nkRaiseStmt:
+    tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
     if n[0].kind != nkEmpty:
       n[0].info = n.info
       #throws(tracked.exc, n[0])
@@ -1375,6 +1427,8 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
     for i in 0..<n.len: track(tracked, n[i])
     tracked.leftPartOfAsgn = oldLeftPartOfAsgn
   of nkCheckedFieldExpr:
+    if optFieldCheck in tracked.currOptions:
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
     track(tracked, n[0])
     if tracked.config.hasWarn(warnProveField) or strictCaseObjects in tracked.c.features:
       checkFieldAccess(tracked.guards, n, tracked.config, strictCaseObjects in tracked.c.features)
@@ -1572,6 +1626,9 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
       if tracked.owner.kind != skMacro:
         createTypeBoundOps(tracked, n.typ, n.info)
   of nkHiddenStdConv, nkHiddenSubConv, nkConv:
+    if optRangeCheck in tracked.currOptions and
+        conversionCanRaiseDefect(tracked.config, n.typ, n[1].typ):
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
     if n.kind in {nkHiddenStdConv, nkHiddenSubConv} and
         n.typ.skipTypes(abstractInst).kind == tyCstring and
         not allowCStringConv(n[1]):
@@ -1609,6 +1666,11 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
       if optStaticBoundsCheck in tracked.currOptions:
         checkRange(tracked, n[1], n.typ)
   of nkObjUpConv, nkObjDownConv, nkChckRange, nkChckRangeF, nkChckRange64:
+    if n.kind in {nkObjUpConv, nkObjDownConv}:
+      if optObjCheck in tracked.currOptions:
+        tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
+    elif optRangeCheck in tracked.currOptions:
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
     if n.len == 1:
       track(tracked, n[0])
       if tracked.owner.kind != skMacro:
@@ -1623,6 +1685,8 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
     if tracked.owner.kind != skMacro:
       createTypeBoundOps(tracked, n.typ, n.info)
   of nkBracketExpr:
+    if optBoundsCheck in tracked.currOptions:
+      tracked.canRaiseDefect = true
     if optStaticBoundsCheck in tracked.currOptions and n.len == 2:
       if n[0].typ != nil and skipTypes(n[0].typ, abstractVar).kind != tyTuple:
         checkBounds(tracked, n[0], n[1])
@@ -1804,6 +1868,9 @@ proc trackProc*(c: PContext; s: PSym, body: PNode) =
 
   track(t, body)
 
+  if t.exc.len == 0 and not t.canRaiseDefect:
+    s.incl sfNeverRaises
+
   if s.kind != skMacro:
     let params = s.typ.n
     for i in 1..<params.len: