Implement Pandoc Markdown concise link extension (#20304)

* Implement Pandoc Markdown concise link extension

This implements https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/issues/20127.
Besides reference to headings we also support doing references
to Nim symbols inside Nim modules.

Markdown:
```
Some heading
------------

Ref. [Some heading].
```

Nim:
```
proc someFunction*() ...

... ## Ref. [someFunction]
```

This is substitution for RST syntax like `` `target`_ ``.
All 3 syntax variants of extension from Pandoc Markdown are supported:
`[target]`, `[target][]`, `[description][target]`.

This PR also fixes clashes in existing files, particularly
conflicts with RST footnote feature, which does not work with
this PR (but there is a plan to adopt a popular [Markdown footnote
extension](https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#footnotes) to make footnotes work).

Also the PR fixes a bug that Markdown links did not work when `[...]`
section had a line break.

The implementation is straightforward since link resolution did not
change w.r.t. RST implementation, it's almost only about new syntax
addition. The only essential difference is a possibility to add a custom
link description: form `[description][target]` which does not have an
RST equivalent.

* fix nim 1.0 gotcha

lib/std/private/schubfach.nim

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ##  This file contains an implementation of the Schubfach algorithm as described in
 ##
-##  [1] Raffaello Giulietti, "The Schubfach way to render doubles",
+##  \[1] Raffaello Giulietti, "The Schubfach way to render doubles",
 ##      https://drive.google.com/open?id=1luHhyQF9zKlM8yJ1nebU0OgVYhfC6CBN
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------