From e942da94b5b52fa7e09b133d52125037ba69c7b7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ringabout <43030857+ringabout@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 2026 04:59:16 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] fixes #22122; raise effects for complex expressions (#25845)

fixes #22122

The root cause is in the effect tracker: raise was recording the whole
conditional expression as one exception source, so semantic checking
only saw the widened common base type instead of the concrete exception
classes from each branch.
---
 compiler/sempass2.nim          | 22 +++++++++-
 tests/effects/tcase_raises.nim | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/effects/tcase_raises.nim

diff --git a/compiler/sempass2.nim b/compiler/sempass2.nim
index 7b2be510f9..75ad510b1a 100644
--- a/compiler/sempass2.nim
+++ b/compiler/sempass2.nim
@@ -497,6 +497,26 @@ proc addRaiseEffect(a: PEffects, e, comesFrom: PNode) =
     if not isDefectException(e.typ):
       throws(a.exc, e, comesFrom)
 
+proc addRaiseEffectsFromExpr(a: PEffects, e, comesFrom: PNode) =
+  if e.isNil:
+    return
+  let x = skipConvCastAndClosure(e)
+  case x.kind
+  of nkStmtList, nkStmtListExpr, nkBlockStmt, nkBlockExpr:
+    if x.len > 0:
+      addRaiseEffectsFromExpr(a, x.lastSon, comesFrom)
+  of nkIfExpr, nkIfStmt:
+    for branch in items(x):
+      if branch.len > 0:
+        addRaiseEffectsFromExpr(a, branch.lastSon, comesFrom)
+  of nkCaseStmt:
+    for i in 1..<x.len:
+      let branch = x[i]
+      if branch.len > 0:
+        addRaiseEffectsFromExpr(a, branch.lastSon, comesFrom)
+  else:
+    addRaiseEffect(a, x, x)
+
 proc addTag(a: PEffects, e, comesFrom: PNode) =
   var aa = a.tags
   for i in 0..<aa.len:
@@ -1326,7 +1346,7 @@ proc track(tracked: PEffects, n: PNode) =
     if n[0].kind != nkEmpty:
       n[0].info = n.info
       #throws(tracked.exc, n[0])
-      addRaiseEffect(tracked, n[0], n)
+      addRaiseEffectsFromExpr(tracked, n[0], n)
       for i in 0..<n.safeLen:
         track(tracked, n[i])
       createTypeBoundOps(tracked, n[0].typ, n.info)
diff --git a/tests/effects/tcase_raises.nim b/tests/effects/tcase_raises.nim
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..166a79d5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/effects/tcase_raises.nim
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+from std/os import osLastError, osErrorMsg, OSErrorCode, raiseOSError,
+                   newOSError, `==`
+
+{.push raises: [].}
+
+const
+  EPERM* = OSErrorCode(1)
+  ECONNABORTED* = OSErrorCode(53)
+  ETIMEDOUT* = OSErrorCode(60)
+  ENOTCONN* = OSErrorCode(107)
+  EMFILE* = OSErrorCode(24)
+  ENFILE* = OSErrorCode(23)
+  ENOBUFS* = OSErrorCode(55)
+  ENOMEM* = OSErrorCode(12)
+
+type
+  AsyncError* = object of CatchableError
+  TransportErrorBase* = object of AsyncError
+  TransportOsError* = object of TransportErrorBase
+    code*: OSErrorCode
+  TransportTooManyError* = object of TransportErrorBase
+  TransportAbortedError* = object of TransportErrorBase
+
+template getConnectionAbortedError*(
+           code: OSErrorCode
+         ): ref TransportAbortedError =
+  let msg =
+    case code
+    of OSErrorCode(0), ECONNABORTED:
+      "[ECONNABORTED] Connection has been aborted before being accepted"
+    of EPERM:
+      "[EPERM] Firewall rules forbid connection"
+    of ETIMEDOUT:
+      "[ETIMEDOUT] Operation has been timed out"
+    of ENOTCONN:
+      "[ENOTCONN] Transport endpoint is not connected"
+    else:
+      "[" & $int(code) & "] Connection has been aborted"
+  newException(TransportAbortedError, msg)
+
+template getTransportTooManyError*(
+           code = OSErrorCode(0)
+         ): ref TransportTooManyError =
+  let msg =
+    case code
+    of OSErrorCode(0):
+      "Too many open transports"
+    of EMFILE:
+      "[EMFILE] Too many open files in the process"
+    of ENFILE:
+      "[ENFILE] Too many open files in system"
+    of ENOBUFS:
+      "[ENOBUFS] No buffer space available"
+    of ENOMEM:
+      "[ENOMEM] Not enough memory availble"
+    else:
+      "[" & $int(code) & "] Too many open transports"
+  newException(TransportTooManyError, msg)
+
+template getTransportError*(ecode: OSErrorCode): untyped =
+  case ecode
+  of ECONNABORTED, EPERM, ETIMEDOUT, ENOTCONN:
+    getConnectionAbortedError(ecode)
+  of EMFILE, ENFILE, ENOBUFS, ENOMEM:
+    getTransportTooManyError(ecode)
+  else:
+    (ref TransportOsError)(code: ecode,
+                           msg: "(" & $int(ecode) & ") " & osErrorMsg(ecode))
+
+proc raiseTransportError*(err: OSErrorCode) {.
+     raises: [TransportAbortedError, TransportTooManyError, TransportOsError],
+     noreturn.} =
+  ## Raises transport specific OS error.
+  raise getTransportError(err)
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