refactor: avoid copying before vim_strup() if possible (#27830)

Current uses of vim_strup() calls memcpy()/strcpy() before calling vim_strup().
This results in 2 * strlen(string) operations.

We can trivially convert to lowercase while copying the string instead.

src/nvim/highlight_group.c

@@ -1149,9 +1149,8 @@ void do_highlight(const char *line, const bool forceit, const bool init)
         error = true;
         break;
       }
-      memcpy(key, key_start, key_len);
+      vim_memcpy_up(key, key_start, key_len);
-      key[key_len] = NUL;
+      key[key_len] = '\0';
-      vim_strup(key);
       linep = skipwhite(linep);
 
       if (strcmp(key, "NONE") == 0) {
@@ -1943,9 +1942,8 @@ int syn_name2id_len(const char *name, size_t len)
 
   // Avoid using stricmp() too much, it's slow on some systems */
   // Avoid alloc()/free(), these are slow too.
-  memcpy(name_u, name, len);
+  vim_memcpy_up(name_u, name, len);
   name_u[len] = '\0';
-  vim_strup(name_u);
 
   // map_get(..., int) returns 0 when no key is present, which is
   // the expected value for missing highlight group.

src/nvim/strings.c

@@ -299,8 +299,8 @@ char *vim_strsave_shellescape(const char *string, bool do_special, bool do_newli
 char *vim_strsave_up(const char *string)
   FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_RET FUNC_ATTR_MALLOC FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
 {
-  char *p1 = xstrdup(string);
+  char *p1 = xmalloc(strlen(string) + 1);
-  vim_strup(p1);
+  vim_strcpy_up(p1, string);
   return p1;
 }
 
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ char *vim_strsave_up(const char *string)
 char *vim_strnsave_up(const char *string, size_t len)
   FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_RET FUNC_ATTR_MALLOC FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
 {
-  char *p1 = xstrnsave(string, len);
+  char *p1 = xmalloc(len + 1);
-  vim_strup(p1);
+  vim_strncpy_up(p1, string, len);
   return p1;
 }
 
@@ -324,6 +324,39 @@ void vim_strup(char *p)
   }
 }
 
+// strcpy plus vim_strup.
+void vim_strcpy_up(char *restrict dst, const char *restrict src)
+  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
+{
+  uint8_t c;
+  while ((c = (uint8_t)(*src++)) != NUL) {
+    *dst++ = (char)(uint8_t)(c < 'a' || c > 'z' ? c : c - 0x20);
+  }
+  *dst = '\0';
+}
+
+// strncpy (NUL-terminated) plus vim_strup.
+void vim_strncpy_up(char *restrict dst, const char *restrict src, size_t n)
+  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
+{
+  uint8_t c;
+  while (n-- && (c = (uint8_t)(*src++)) != NUL) {
+    *dst++ = (char)(uint8_t)(c < 'a' || c > 'z' ? c : c - 0x20);
+  }
+  *dst = '\0';
+}
+
+// memcpy (does not NUL-terminate) plus vim_strup.
+void vim_memcpy_up(char *restrict dst, const char *restrict src, size_t n)
+  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
+{
+  uint8_t c;
+  while (n--) {
+    c = (uint8_t)(*src++);
+    *dst++ = (char)(uint8_t)(c < 'a' || c > 'z' ? c : c - 0x20);
+  }
+}
+
 /// Make given string all upper-case or all lower-case
 ///
 /// Handles multi-byte characters as good as possible.