ex_getln: Save and restore try state

Problem: when processing cycle such as

    :for pat in [' \ze*', ' \zs*']
    :  try
    :    let l = matchlist('x x', pat)
    :    $put ='E888 NOT detected for ' . pat
    :  catch
    :    $put ='E888 detected for ' . pat
    :  endtry
    :endfor

`:let l = …` throwing an error causes this error to be caught after 
color_cmdline attempts to get callback for highlighting next line (the one with 
`$put = 'E888 NOT…`). Saving/restoring state prevents this from happening.

src/nvim/api/private/helpers.c

@@ -37,6 +37,52 @@ typedef struct {
 # include "api/private/ui_events_metadata.generated.h"
 #endif
 
+/// Start block that may cause VimL exceptions while evaluating another code
+///
+/// Used when caller is supposed to be operating when other VimL code is being
+/// processed and that “other VimL code” must not be affected.
+///
+/// @param[out]  tstate  Location where try state should be saved.
+void try_enter(TryState *const tstate)
+{
+  *tstate = (TryState) {
+    .trylevel = trylevel,
+    .got_int = got_int,
+    .did_throw = did_throw,
+    .msg_list = (const struct msglist *const *)msg_list,
+    .private_msg_list = NULL,
+  };
+  trylevel = 1;
+  got_int = false;
+  did_throw = false;
+  msg_list = &tstate->private_msg_list;
+}
+
+/// End try block, set the error message if any and restore previous state
+///
+/// @warning Return is consistent with most functions (false on error), not with
+///          try_end (true on error).
+///
+/// @param[in]  tstate  Previous state to restore.
+/// @param[out]  err  Location where error should be saved.
+///
+/// @return false if error occurred, true otherwise.
+bool try_leave(const TryState *const tstate, Error *const err)
+  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+{
+  const bool ret = !try_end(err);
+  assert(trylevel == 0);
+  assert(!got_int);
+  assert(!did_throw);
+  assert(msg_list == &tstate->private_msg_list);
+  assert(*msg_list == NULL);
+  trylevel = tstate->trylevel;
+  got_int = tstate->got_int;
+  did_throw = tstate->did_throw;
+  msg_list = (struct msglist **)tstate->msg_list;
+  return ret;
+}
+
 /// Start block that may cause vimscript exceptions
 void try_start(void)
 {

src/nvim/api/private/helpers.h

@@ -82,6 +82,18 @@
 #define api_free_window(value)
 #define api_free_tabpage(value)
 
+/// Structure used for saving state for :try
+///
+/// Used when caller is supposed to be operating when other VimL code is being
+/// processed and that “other VimL code” must not be affected.
+typedef struct {
+  int trylevel;
+  int got_int;
+  int did_throw;
+  struct msglist *private_msg_list;
+  const struct msglist *const *msg_list;
+} TryState;
+
 #ifdef INCLUDE_GENERATED_DECLARATIONS
 # include "api/private/helpers.h.generated.h"
 #endif

src/nvim/ex_getln.c

@@ -2222,6 +2222,11 @@ static bool color_cmdline(void)
   bool ret = true;
   kv_size(ccline_colors) = 0;
 
+  if (ccline.cmdbuff == NULL || *ccline.cmdbuff == NUL) {
+    // Nothing to do, exiting.
+    return ret;
+  }
+
   const int saved_force_abort = force_abort;
   force_abort = true;
   bool arg_allocated = false;
@@ -2235,11 +2240,12 @@ static bool color_cmdline(void)
   static int prev_prompt_errors = 0;
   Callback color_cb = { .type = kCallbackNone };
   bool can_free_cb = false;
+  TryState tstate;
   Error err = ERROR_INIT;
   const char *err_errmsg = (const char *)e_intern2;
   bool dgc_ret = true;
 
-  try_start();
+  try_enter(&tstate);
   if (ccline.input_fn) {
     color_cb = getln_input_callback;
   } else if (ccline.cmdfirstc == ':') {
@@ -2257,7 +2263,7 @@ static bool color_cmdline(void)
   } else {
     goto color_cmdline_end;
   }
-  if (try_end(&err) || !dgc_ret) {
+  if (!try_leave(&tstate, &err) || !dgc_ret) {
     goto color_cmdline_error;
   }
 
@@ -2285,10 +2291,10 @@ static bool color_cmdline(void)
   // correct, with msg_col it just misses leading `:`. Since `redraw!` in
   // callback lags this is least of the user problems.
   //
-  // Also using try_start() because error messages may overwrite typed 
+  // Also using try_enter() because error messages may overwrite typed
   // command-line which is not expected.
   getln_interrupted_highlight = false;
-  try_start();
+  try_enter(&tstate);
   err_errmsg = N_("E5407: Callback has thrown an exception: %s");
   const int saved_msg_col = msg_col;
   msg_silent++;
@@ -2298,7 +2304,7 @@ static bool color_cmdline(void)
   if (got_int) {
     getln_interrupted_highlight = true;
   }
-  if (try_end(&err) || !cbcall_ret) {
+  if (!try_leave(&tstate, &err) || !cbcall_ret) {
     goto color_cmdline_error;
   }
   if (tv.v_type != VAR_LIST) {

test/functional/ui/cmdline_highlight_spec.lua

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ local clear = helpers.clear
 local meths = helpers.meths
 local funcs = helpers.funcs
 local source = helpers.source
+local dedent = helpers.dedent
+local curbufmeths = helpers.curbufmeths
 
 local screen
 
@@ -421,6 +423,8 @@ describe('Command-line coloring', function()
     ]])
   end)
   -- TODO Check for all other errors
+  -- TODO Check for colored input() called in a cycle which previously errorred
+  -- out
 end)
 describe('Ex commands coloring support', function()
   it('still executes command-line even if errored out', function()
@@ -430,7 +434,27 @@ describe('Ex commands coloring support', function()
     local msg = 'E5405: Chunk 0 start 10 splits multibyte character'
     eq('\n'..msg, funcs.execute('messages'))
   end)
+  it('does not error out when called from a errorred out cycle', function()
+    -- Apparently when there is a cycle in which one of the commands errors out
+    -- this error may be caught by color_cmdline before it is presented to the
+    -- user.
+    feed(dedent([[
+      :set regexpengine=2
+      :for pat in [' \ze*', ' \zs*']
+      :  try
+      :    let l = matchlist('x x', pat)
+      :    $put ='E888 NOT detected for ' . pat
+      :  catch
+      :    $put ='E888 detected for ' . pat
+      :  endtry
+      :endfor
+    ]]))
+    eq({'', 'E888 detected for  \\ze*', 'E888 detected for  \\zs*'},
+       curbufmeths.get_lines(0, -1, false))
+    eq('', funcs.execute('messages'))
+  end)
 end)
 
 -- TODO Specifically test for coloring in cmdline and expr modes
+-- TODO Check for errors from tv_dict_get_callback()
 -- TODO Check using highlighted input() from inside highlighted input()