diff --git a/runtime/doc/lua.txt b/runtime/doc/lua.txt
index 73cf5859f4..ff963ecad1 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/lua.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/lua.txt
@@ -2594,18 +2594,22 @@ Example: >lua
 <
 
 
-vim.fs.abspath({path})                                      *vim.fs.abspath()*
+vim.fs.abspath({path}, {opts})                              *vim.fs.abspath()*
     Converts `path` to an absolute path. Expands tilde (~) at the beginning of
-    the path to the user's home directory. Does not check if the path exists,
-    normalize the path, resolve symlinks or hardlinks (including `.` and
-    `..`), or expand environment variables. If the path is already absolute,
-    it is returned unchanged. Also converts `\` path separators to `/`.
+    the path (unless plain=true). Does not check if the path exists, normalize
+    the path, resolve symlinks or hardlinks (including "." and ".."), or
+    expand environment variables. If the path is already absolute, it is
+    returned unchanged. Converts `\` path separators to `/`.
 
     Attributes: ~
         Since: 0.11.0
 
     Parameters: ~
       • {path}  (`string`) Path
+      • {opts}  (`table?`) A table with the following fields:
+                • {cwd}? (`string`) Resolve the path relative to this
+                  directory.
+                • {plain}? (`boolean`) Do not expand tilde (~).
 
     Return: ~
         (`string`) Absolute path
diff --git a/runtime/doc/news.txt b/runtime/doc/news.txt
index fac8da95f6..53d9d68da7 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/news.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/news.txt
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ LUA
 • |vim.net.request()| can now accept  `method` param overload for multiple HTTP methods.
 • |writefile()| treats Lua and RPC strings as |Blob|, so it can be used to
   write binary data.
+• |vim.fs.abspath()| gained `cwd` and `plain` parameters.
 • |vim.fs.dir()| with `opts.err=true`, reports errors. An inaccessible root
   dir yields a single (name, nil, err) item.
 • |vim.fs.dir()| gained a `normalize` parameter.
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/fs.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/fs.lua
index 1c48944807..0be6333d76 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/fs.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/fs.lua
@@ -865,21 +865,37 @@ function M.rm(path, opts)
   end
 end
 
---- Converts `path` to an absolute path. Expands tilde (~) at the beginning of the path
---- to the user's home directory. Does not check if the path exists, normalize the path, resolve
---- symlinks or hardlinks (including `.` and `..`), or expand environment variables. If the path is
---- already absolute, it is returned unchanged. Also converts `\` path separators to `/`.
+--- @class vim.fs.abspath.Opts
+--- @inlinedoc
+---
+--- Resolve the path relative to this directory.
+--- @field cwd? string
+---
+--- Do not expand tilde (~).
+--- @field plain? boolean
+
+--- Converts `path` to an absolute path. Expands tilde (~) at the beginning of the path (unless
+--- plain=true). Does not check if the path exists, normalize the path, resolve symlinks or
+--- hardlinks (including "." and ".."), or expand environment variables. If the path is already
+--- absolute, it is returned unchanged. Converts `\` path separators to `/`.
 ---
 --- @since 13
 --- @param path string Path
+--- @param opts? vim.fs.abspath.Opts
 --- @return string Absolute path
-function M.abspath(path)
+function M.abspath(path, opts)
   -- TODO(justinmk): mark f_fnamemodify as API_FAST and use it, ":p:h" should be safe...
+  --
+  opts = opts or {}
 
   vim.validate('path', path, 'string')
+  vim.validate('cwd', opts.cwd, 'string', true)
+  vim.validate('plain', opts.plain, 'boolean', true)
 
   -- Expand ~ to user's home directory
-  path = expand_home(path)
+  if not opts.plain then
+    path = expand_home(path)
+  end
 
   -- Convert path separator to `/`
   path = path:gsub(os_sep, '/')
@@ -897,7 +913,8 @@ function M.abspath(path)
 
   -- Windows allows paths like C:foo/bar, these paths are relative to the current working directory
   -- of the drive specified in the path
-  local cwd = assert((iswin and prefix:match('^%w:$')) and uv.fs_realpath(prefix) or uv.cwd())
+  local cwd =
+    assert((iswin and prefix:match('^%w:$')) and uv.fs_realpath(prefix) or opts.cwd or uv.cwd())
   -- Convert cwd path separator to `/`
   cwd = cwd:gsub(os_sep, '/')
 
diff --git a/test/functional/lua/fs_spec.lua b/test/functional/lua/fs_spec.lua
index 5a328303e6..88cb63a692 100644
--- a/test/functional/lua/fs_spec.lua
+++ b/test/functional/lua/fs_spec.lua
@@ -852,17 +852,31 @@ describe('vim.fs', function()
         eq([[C:/foo]], vim.fs.abspath([[C:\foo]]))
         eq([[C:/foo/../.]], vim.fs.abspath([[C:\foo\..\.]]))
         eq('//foo/bar', vim.fs.abspath('\\\\foo\\bar'))
+        eq('//foo/bar', vim.fs.abspath('\\\\foo\\bar'))
       else
         eq('/foo/../.', vim.fs.abspath('/foo/../.'))
         eq('/foo/bar', vim.fs.abspath('/foo/bar'))
       end
     end)
 
+    it('with `cwd`', function()
+      local parent_cwd = vim.fs.dirname(cwd)
+      eq(parent_cwd, vim.fs.abspath('.', { cwd = parent_cwd }))
+      eq(parent_cwd .. '/foo', vim.fs.abspath('foo', { cwd = parent_cwd }))
+      eq(parent_cwd .. '/.././../foo', vim.fs.abspath('.././../foo', { cwd = parent_cwd }))
+      eq('/foo/bar', vim.fs.abspath('/foo/bar', { cwd = parent_cwd }))
+    end)
+
     it('expands ~', function()
       eq(home .. '/foo', vim.fs.abspath('~/foo'))
       eq(home .. '/./.././foo', vim.fs.abspath('~/./.././foo'))
     end)
 
+    it('does not expand ~ if plain=true', function()
+      eq(cwd .. '/~/foo', vim.fs.abspath('~/foo', { plain = true }))
+      eq(cwd .. '/~/./.././foo', vim.fs.abspath('~/./.././foo', { plain = true }))
+    end)
+
     if is_os('win') then
       it('works with drive-specific cwd on Windows', function()
         local cwd_drive = cwd:match('^%w:')