fix(messages): recognize cmdline one_key/number prompt State (#34206)

Problem:  Since 48e2a736, prompt messages are handled by an actual
          active cmdline, resulting in `State` no longer being equal
          to `MODE_CONFIRM` which is used in some places. E.g. to
          specify the current `mode()` or to re-emit a confirm message.
Solution: Replace `MODE_CONFIRM` with a new `MODE_CMDLINE` sub-mode when
          `ccline.one_key/mouse_used` is set. Use it to avoid clearing
          mouse_used prompt messages, and to re-emit one_key messages
          (when ext_messages is inactive, for which this is unnecessary).

test/functional/api/vim_spec.lua

@@ -2157,6 +2157,11 @@ describe('API', function()
       feed('<F2>')
       eq({ mode = 'n', blocking = false }, api.nvim_get_mode())
     end)
+
+    it('returns "c" during number prompt', function()
+      feed('ifoo<Esc>z=')
+      eq({ mode = 'c', blocking = false }, api.nvim_get_mode())
+    end)
   end)
 
   describe('RPC (K_EVENT)', function()

test/functional/ui/cmdline_spec.lua

@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ describe('cmdline redraw', function()
     }
   end)
 
-  it('silent prompt', function()
+  it('prompt with silent mapping and screen update', function()
     command([[nmap <silent> T :call confirm("Save changes?", "&Yes\n&No\n&Cancel")<CR>]])
     feed('T')
     screen:expect([[
@@ -1116,6 +1116,31 @@ describe('cmdline redraw', function()
       {6:Save changes?}            |
       {6:[Y]es, (N)o, (C)ancel: }^  |
     ]])
+    command('call setline(1, "foo") | redraw')
+    screen:expect([[
+      foo                      |
+      {3:                         }|
+                               |
+      {6:Save changes?}            |
+      {6:[Y]es, (N)o, (C)ancel: }^  |
+    ]])
+    feed('Y')
+    screen:expect([[
+      ^foo                      |
+      {1:~                        }|*3
+                               |
+    ]])
+    screen:try_resize(75, screen._height)
+    feed(':call inputlist(["foo", "bar"])<CR>')
+    screen:expect([[
+      foo                                                                        |
+      {3:                                                                           }|
+      foo                                                                        |
+      bar                                                                        |
+      Type number and <Enter> or click with the mouse (q or empty cancels): ^     |
+    ]])
+    command('redraw')
+    screen:expect_unchanged()
   end)
 
   it('substitute confirm prompt does not scroll', function()