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d81d8d454a
Problem: Internal error when using :popup.
Solution: When a menu only exists in Terminal mode give an error. (Naruhiko
Nishino, closes vim/vim#3765)
f42b45d719
625 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
625 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
*gui.txt* Nvim
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VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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Nvim Graphical User Interface *gui* *GUI*
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Type |gO| to see the table of contents.
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==============================================================================
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Starting the GUI *gui-start* *E229* *E233*
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*ginit.vim* *gui-init* *gvimrc* *$MYGVIMRC*
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For GUI-specific configuration Nvim provides the |UIEnter| event. This
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happens after other |initialization|s, like reading your vimrc file.
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Example: this sets "g:gui" to the value of the UI's "rgb" field: >
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:autocmd UIEnter * let g:gui = filter(nvim_list_uis(),{k,v-> v.chan==v:event.chan})[0].rgb
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<
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*:winp* *:winpos* *E188*
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:winp[os]
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Display current position of the top left corner of the GUI vim
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window in pixels. Does not work in all versions.
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Also see |getwinpos()|, |getwinposx()| and |getwinposy()|.
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:winp[os] {X} {Y} *E466*
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Put the GUI vim window at the given {X} and {Y} coordinates.
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The coordinates should specify the position in pixels of the
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top left corner of the window.
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When the GUI window has not been opened yet, the values are
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remembered until the window is opened. The position is
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adjusted to make the window fit on the screen (if possible).
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*:win* *:winsize* *E465*
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:win[size] {width} {height}
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Set the window height to {width} by {height} characters.
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Obsolete, use ":set lines=11 columns=22".
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==============================================================================
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Scrollbars *gui-scrollbars*
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There are vertical scrollbars and a horizontal scrollbar. You may
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configure which ones appear with the 'guioptions' option.
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The interface looks like this (with ":set guioptions=mlrb"):
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+------------------------------+ `
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| File Edit Help | <- Menu bar (m) `
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+-+--------------------------+-+ `
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|^| |^| `
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|#| Text area. |#| `
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| | | | `
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|v|__________________________|v| `
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Normal status line -> |-+ File.c 5,2 +-| `
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between Vim windows |^|""""""""""""""""""""""""""|^| `
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| | | | `
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| | Another file buffer. | | `
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| | | | `
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|#| |#| `
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Left scrollbar (l) -> |#| |#| <- Right `
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|#| |#| scrollbar (r) `
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| | | | `
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|v| |v| `
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+-+--------------------------+-+ `
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| |< #### >| | <- Bottom `
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+-+--------------------------+-+ scrollbar (b) `
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Any of the scrollbar or menu components may be turned off by not putting the
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appropriate letter in the 'guioptions' string. The bottom scrollbar is
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only useful when 'nowrap' is set.
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VERTICAL SCROLLBARS *gui-vert-scroll*
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Each Vim window has a scrollbar next to it which may be scrolled up and down
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to move through the text in that buffer. The size of the scrollbar-thumb
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indicates the fraction of the buffer which can be seen in the window.
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When the scrollbar is dragged all the way down, the last line of the file
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will appear in the top of the window.
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If a window is shrunk to zero height (by the growth of another window) its
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scrollbar disappears. It reappears when the window is restored.
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If a window is vertically split, it will get a scrollbar when it is the
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current window and when, taking the middle of the current window and drawing a
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vertical line, this line goes through the window.
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When there are scrollbars on both sides, and the middle of the current window
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is on the left half, the right scrollbar column will contain scrollbars for
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the rightmost windows. The same happens on the other side.
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HORIZONTAL SCROLLBARS *gui-horiz-scroll*
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The horizontal scrollbar (at the bottom of the Vim GUI) may be used to
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scroll text sideways when the 'wrap' option is turned off. The
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scrollbar-thumb size is such that the text of the longest visible line may be
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scrolled as far as possible left and right. The cursor is moved when
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necessary, it must remain on a visible character (unless 'virtualedit' is
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set).
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Computing the length of the longest visible line takes quite a bit of
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computation, and it has to be done every time something changes. If this
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takes too much time or you don't like the cursor jumping to another line,
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include the 'h' flag in 'guioptions'. Then the scrolling is limited by the
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text of the current cursor line.
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==============================================================================
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Drag and drop *drag-n-drop*
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You can drag and drop one or more files into the Vim window, where they will
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be opened as if a |:drop| command was used.
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If you hold down Shift while doing this, Vim changes to the first dropped
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file's directory. If you hold Ctrl Vim will always split a new window for the
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file. Otherwise it's only done if the current buffer has been changed.
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You can also drop a directory on Vim. This starts the explorer plugin for
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that directory (assuming it was enabled, otherwise you'll get an error
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message). Keep Shift pressed to change to the directory instead.
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If Vim happens to be editing a command line, the names of the dropped files
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and directories will be inserted at the cursor. This allows you to use these
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names with any Ex command. Special characters (space, tab, double quote and
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'|'; backslash on non-MS-Windows systems) will be escaped.
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==============================================================================
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Menus *menus*
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For an introduction see |usr_42.txt| in the user manual.
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Using Menus *using-menus*
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Basically, menus can be used just like mappings. You can define your own
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menus, as many as you like.
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Long-time Vim users won't use menus much. But the power is in adding your own
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menus and menu items. They are most useful for things that you can't remember
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what the key sequence was.
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For creating menus in a different language, see |:menutrans|.
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If you don't want to use menus at all, see |'go-M'|.
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*menu.vim*
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The default menus are read from the file "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim". See
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|$VIMRUNTIME| for where the path comes from. You can set up your own menus.
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Starting off with the default set is a good idea. You can add more items, or,
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if you don't like the defaults at all, start with removing all menus
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|:unmenu-all|. You can also avoid the default menus being loaded by adding
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this line to your vimrc file (NOT your gvimrc file!): >
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:let did_install_default_menus = 1
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If you also want to avoid the Syntax menu: >
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:let did_install_syntax_menu = 1
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The first item in the Syntax menu can be used to show all available filetypes
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in the menu (which can take a bit of time to load). If you want to have all
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filetypes already present at startup, add: >
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:let do_syntax_sel_menu = 1
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Note that the menu.vim is sourced when `:syntax on` or `:filetype on` is
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executed or after your .vimrc file is sourced. This means that the 'encoding'
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option and the language of messages (`:language messages`) must be set before
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that (if you want to change them).
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*console-menus*
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Although this documentation is in the GUI section, you can actually use menus
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in console mode too. You will have to load |menu.vim| explicitly then, it is
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not done by default. You can use the |:emenu| command and command-line
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completion with 'wildmenu' to access the menu entries almost like a real menu
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system. To do this, put these commands in your vimrc file: >
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:source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
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:set wildmenu
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:set cpo-=<
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:set wcm=<C-Z>
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:map <F4> :emenu <C-Z>
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Pressing <F4> will start the menu. You can now use the cursor keys to select
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a menu entry. Hit <Enter> to execute it. Hit <Esc> if you want to cancel.
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Creating New Menus *creating-menus*
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*:me* *:menu* *:noreme* *:noremenu*
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*E330* *E327* *E331* *E336* *E333*
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*E328* *E329* *E337* *E792*
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To create a new menu item, use the ":menu" commands. They are mostly like
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the ":map" set of commands (see |map-modes|), but the first argument is a menu
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item name, given as a path of menus and submenus with a '.' between them,
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e.g.: >
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:menu File.Save :w<CR>
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:inoremenu File.Save <C-O>:w<CR>
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:menu Edit.Big\ Changes.Delete\ All\ Spaces :%s/[ ^I]//g<CR>
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This last one will create a new item in the menu bar called "Edit", holding
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the mouse button down on this will pop up a menu containing the item
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"Big Changes", which is a sub-menu containing the item "Delete All Spaces",
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which when selected, performs the operation.
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To create a menu for terminal mode, use |:tlmenu| instead of |:tmenu| unlike
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key mapping (|:tmap|). This is because |:tmenu| is already used for defining
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tooltips for menus. See |terminal-input|.
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Special characters in a menu name:
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& The next character is the shortcut key. Make sure each
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shortcut key is only used once in a (sub)menu. If you want to
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insert a literal "&" in the menu name use "&&".
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<Tab> Separates the menu name from right-aligned text. This can be
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used to show the equivalent typed command. The text "<Tab>"
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can be used here for convenience. If you are using a real
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tab, don't forget to put a backslash before it!
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Example: >
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:amenu &File.&Open<Tab>:e :browse e<CR>
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[typed literally]
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With the shortcut "F" (while keeping the <Alt> key pressed), and then "O",
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this menu can be used. The second part is shown as "Open :e". The ":e"
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is right aligned, and the "O" is underlined, to indicate it is the shortcut.
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*:am* *:amenu* *:an* *:anoremenu*
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The ":amenu" command can be used to define menu entries for all modes at once,
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expect for Terminal mode. To make the command work correctly, a character is
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automatically inserted for some modes:
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mode inserted appended ~
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Normal nothing nothing
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Visual <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
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Insert <C-\><C-O>
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Cmdline <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
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Op-pending <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
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Example: >
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:amenu File.Next :next^M
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is equal to: >
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:nmenu File.Next :next^M
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:vmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
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:imenu File.Next ^\^O:next^M
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:cmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
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:omenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
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Careful: In Insert mode this only works for a SINGLE Normal mode command,
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because of the CTRL-O. If you have two or more commands, you will need to use
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the ":imenu" command. For inserting text in any mode, you can use the
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expression register: >
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:amenu Insert.foobar "='foobar'<CR>P
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The special text <Cmd> begins a "command menu", it executes the command
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directly without changing modes. Where you might use ":...<CR>" you can
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instead use "<Cmd>...<CR>". See |<Cmd>| for more info. Example: >
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anoremenu File.Next <Cmd>next<CR>
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Note that <Esc> in Cmdline mode executes the command, like in a mapping. This
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is Vi compatible. Use CTRL-C to quit Cmdline mode.
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*:nme* *:nmenu* *:nnoreme* *:nnoremenu* *:nunme* *:nunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "n" work in Normal mode. |mapmode-n|
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*:ome* *:omenu* *:onoreme* *:onoremenu* *:ounme* *:ounmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "o" work in Operator-pending mode. |mapmode-o|
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*:vme* *:vmenu* *:vnoreme* *:vnoremenu* *:vunme* *:vunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "v" work in Visual mode. |mapmode-v|
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*:xme* *:xmenu* *:xnoreme* *:xnoremenu* *:xunme* *:xunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "x" work in Visual and Select mode. |mapmode-x|
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*:sme* *:smenu* *:snoreme* *:snoremenu* *:sunme* *:sunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "s" work in Select mode. |mapmode-s|
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*:ime* *:imenu* *:inoreme* *:inoremenu* *:iunme* *:iunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "i" work in Insert mode. |mapmode-i|
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*:cme* *:cmenu* *:cnoreme* *:cnoremenu* *:cunme* *:cunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "c" work in Cmdline mode. |mapmode-c|
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*:tlm* *:tlmenu* *:tln* *:tlnoremenu* *:tlu* *:tlunmenu*
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Menu commands starting with "tl" work in Terminal mode. |mapmode-t|
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*:menu-<silent>* *:menu-silent*
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To define a menu which will not be echoed on the command line, add
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"<silent>" as the first argument. Example: >
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:menu <silent> Settings.Ignore\ case :set ic<CR>
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The ":set ic" will not be echoed when using this menu. Messages from the
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executed command are still given though. To shut them up too, add a ":silent"
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in the executed command: >
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:menu <silent> Search.Header :exe ":silent normal /Header\r"<CR>
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"<silent>" may also appear just after "<script>".
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*:menu-<script>* *:menu-script*
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The "to" part of the menu will be inspected for mappings. If you don't want
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this, use the ":noremenu" command (or the similar one for a specific mode).
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If you do want to use script-local mappings, add "<script>" as the very first
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argument to the ":menu" command or just after "<silent>".
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*menu-priority*
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You can give a priority to a menu. Menus with a higher priority go more to
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the right. The priority is given as a number before the ":menu" command.
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Example: >
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:80menu Buffer.next :bn<CR>
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The default menus have these priorities:
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File 10
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Edit 20
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Tools 40
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Syntax 50
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Buffers 60
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Window 70
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Help 9999
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When no or zero priority is given, 500 is used.
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The priority for the PopUp menu is not used.
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You can use a priority higher than 9999, to make it go after the Help menu,
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but that is non-standard and is discouraged. The highest possible priority is
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about 32000. The lowest is 1.
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*sub-menu-priority*
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The same mechanism can be used to position a sub-menu. The priority is then
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given as a dot-separated list of priorities, before the menu name: >
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:menu 80.500 Buffer.next :bn<CR>
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Giving the sub-menu priority is only needed when the item is not to be put
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in a normal position. For example, to put a sub-menu before the other items: >
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:menu 80.100 Buffer.first :brew<CR>
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Or to put a sub-menu after the other items, and further items with default
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priority will be put before it: >
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:menu 80.900 Buffer.last :blast<CR>
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When a number is missing, the default value 500 will be used: >
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:menu .900 myMenu.test :echo "text"<CR>
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The menu priority is only used when creating a new menu. When it already
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existed, e.g., in another mode, the priority will not change. Thus, the
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priority only needs to be given the first time a menu is used.
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An exception is the PopUp menu. There is a separate menu for each mode
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(Normal, Op-pending, Visual, Insert, Cmdline). The order in each of these
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menus can be different. This is different from menu-bar menus, which have
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the same order for all modes.
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NOTE: sub-menu priorities currently don't work for all versions of the GUI.
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*menu-separator* *E332*
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Menu items can be separated by a special item that inserts some space between
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items. Depending on the system this is displayed as a line or a dotted line.
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These items must start with a '-' and end in a '-'. The part in between is
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used to give it a unique name. Priorities can be used as with normal items.
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Example: >
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:menu Example.item1 :do something
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:menu Example.-Sep- :
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:menu Example.item2 :do something different
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Note that the separator also requires a rhs. It doesn't matter what it is,
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because the item will never be selected. Use a single colon to keep it
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simple.
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*gui-toolbar*
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The default toolbar is setup in menu.vim. The display of the toolbar is
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controlled by the 'guioptions' letter 'T'. You can thus have menu & toolbar
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together, or either on its own, or neither. The appearance is controlled by
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the 'toolbar' option. You can choose between an image, text or both.
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*toolbar-icon*
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The toolbar is defined as a special menu called ToolBar, which only has one
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level. Vim interprets the items in this menu as follows:
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1) If an "icon=" argument was specified, the file with this name is used.
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The file can either be specified with the full path or with the base name.
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In the last case it is searched for in the "bitmaps" directory in
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'runtimepath', like in point 3. Examples: >
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:amenu icon=/usr/local/pixmaps/foo_icon.xpm ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
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:amenu icon=FooIcon ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
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< Note that in the first case the extension is included, while in the second
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case it is omitted.
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If the file cannot be opened the next points are tried.
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A space in the file name must be escaped with a backslash.
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A menu priority must come _after_ the icon argument: >
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:amenu icon=foo 1.42 ToolBar.Foo :echo "42!"<CR>
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2) An item called 'BuiltIn##', where ## is a number, is taken as number ## of
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the built-in bitmaps available in Vim. Currently there are 31 numbered
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from 0 to 30 which cover most common editing operations |builtin-tools|. >
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:amenu ToolBar.BuiltIn22 :call SearchNext("back")<CR>
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3) An item with another name is first searched for in the directory
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"bitmaps" in 'runtimepath'. If found, the bitmap file is used as the
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toolbar button image. Note that the exact filename is OS-specific: For
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example, under Win32 the command >
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:amenu ToolBar.Hello :echo "hello"<CR>
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< would find the file 'hello.bmp'. Under X11 it is 'Hello.xpm'.
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For MS-Windows and the bitmap is scaled to fit the button. For
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MS-Windows a size of 18 by 18 pixels works best.
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For MS-Windows the bitmap should have 16 colors with the standard palette.
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The light grey pixels will be changed to the Window frame color and the
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dark grey pixels to the window shadow color. More colors might also work,
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depending on your system.
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4) If the bitmap is still not found, Vim checks for a match against its list
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of built-in names. Each built-in button image has a name.
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So the command >
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:amenu ToolBar.Open :e
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< will show the built-in "open a file" button image if no open.bmp exists.
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All the built-in names can be seen used in menu.vim.
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5) If all else fails, a blank, but functioning, button is displayed.
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*builtin-tools*
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nr Name Normal action ~
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00 New open new window
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01 Open browse for file to open in current window
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02 Save write buffer to file
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03 Undo undo last change
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04 Redo redo last undone change
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05 Cut delete selected text to clipboard
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06 Copy copy selected text to clipboard
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07 Paste paste text from clipboard
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08 Print print current buffer
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09 Help open a buffer on Vim's builtin help
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10 Find start a search command
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11 SaveAll write all modified buffers to file
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12 SaveSesn write session file for current situation
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13 NewSesn write new session file
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14 LoadSesn load session file
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15 RunScript browse for file to run as a Vim script
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16 Replace prompt for substitute command
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17 WinClose close current window
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18 WinMax make current window use many lines
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19 WinMin make current window use few lines
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20 WinSplit split current window
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21 Shell start a shell
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22 FindPrev search again, backward
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23 FindNext search again, forward
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24 FindHelp prompt for word to search help for
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25 Make run make and jump to first error
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26 TagJump jump to tag under the cursor
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27 RunCtags build tags for files in current directory
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28 WinVSplit split current window vertically
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29 WinMaxWidth make current window use many columns
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30 WinMinWidth make current window use few columns
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*hidden-menus* *win32-hidden-menus*
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In the Win32 GUI, starting a menu name with ']' excludes that menu from the
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main menu bar. You must then use the |:popup| command to display it.
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When splitting the window the window toolbar is not copied to the new window.
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*popup-menu*
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You can define the special menu "PopUp". This is the menu that is displayed
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when the right mouse button is pressed, if 'mousemodel' is set to popup or
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popup_setpos.
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Showing What Menus Are Mapped To *showing-menus*
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To see what an existing menu is mapped to, use just one argument after the
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menu commands (just like you would with the ":map" commands). If the menu
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specified is a submenu, then all menus under that hierarchy will be shown.
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If no argument is given after :menu at all, then ALL menu items are shown
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for the appropriate mode (e.g., Command-line mode for :cmenu).
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Special characters in the list, just before the rhs:
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* The menu was defined with "nore" to disallow remapping.
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& The menu was defined with "<script>" to allow remapping script-local
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mappings only.
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s The menu was defined with "<silent>" to avoid showing what it is
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mapped to when triggered.
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- The menu was disabled.
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Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after a menu command may
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be used to complete the name of the menu item.
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Executing Menus *execute-menus*
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*:em* *:emenu* *E334* *E335*
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:[range]em[enu] {menu} Execute {menu} from the command line.
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The default is to execute the Normal mode
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menu. If a range is specified, it executes
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the Visual mode menu.
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If used from <c-o>, it executes the
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insert-mode menu Eg: >
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:emenu File.Exit
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:[range]em[enu] {mode} {menu} Like above, but execute the menu for {mode}:
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'n': |:nmenu| Normal mode
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'v': |:vmenu| Visual mode
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's': |:smenu| Select mode
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'o': |:omenu| Operator-pending mode
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't': |:tlmenu| Terminal mode
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'i': |:imenu| Insert mode
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'c': |:cmenu| Cmdline mode
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You can use :emenu to access useful menu items you may have got used to from
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GUI mode. See 'wildmenu' for an option that works well with this. See
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|console-menus| for an example.
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When using a range, if the lines match with '<,'>, then the menu is executed
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using the last visual selection.
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Deleting Menus *delete-menus*
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*:unme* *:unmenu*
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*:aun* *:aunmenu*
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To delete a menu item or a whole submenu, use the unmenu commands, which are
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analogous to the unmap commands. Eg: >
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:unmenu! Edit.Paste
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This will remove the Paste item from the Edit menu for Insert and
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Command-line modes.
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Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after an umenu command
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may be used to complete the name of the menu item for the appropriate mode.
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To remove all menus use: *:unmenu-all* >
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:unmenu * " remove all menus in Normal and visual mode
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:unmenu! * " remove all menus in Insert and Command-line mode
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:aunmenu * " remove all menus in all modes, except for Terminal
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" mode
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:tlunmenu * " remove all menus in Terminal mode
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If you want to get rid of the menu bar: >
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:set guioptions-=m
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Disabling Menus *disable-menus*
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*:menu-disable* *:menu-enable*
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If you do not want to remove a menu, but disable it for a moment, this can be
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done by adding the "enable" or "disable" keyword to a ":menu" command.
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Examples: >
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:menu disable &File.&Open\.\.\.
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:amenu enable *
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:amenu disable &Tools.*
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The command applies to the modes as used with all menu commands. Note that
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characters like "&" need to be included for translated names to be found.
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When the argument is "*", all menus are affected. Otherwise the given menu
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name and all existing submenus below it are affected.
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Examples for Menus *menu-examples*
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Here is an example on how to add menu items with menu's! You can add a menu
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item for the keyword under the cursor. The register "z" is used. >
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:nmenu Words.Add\ Var wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>
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:nmenu Words.Remove\ Var wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
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:vmenu Words.Add\ Var "zy:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z <CR>
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:vmenu Words.Remove\ Var "zy:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
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|
:imenu Words.Add\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>a
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|
:imenu Words.Remove\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>a
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(the rhs is in <> notation, you can copy/paste this text to try out the
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mappings, or put these lines in your gvimrc; "<C-R>" is CTRL-R, "<CR>" is
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|
the <CR> key. |<>|)
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Tooltips & Menu tips
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See section |42.4| in the user manual.
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*:tmenu*
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:tm[enu] {menupath} {rhs} Define a tip for a menu or tool. {only in
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X11 and Win32 GUI}
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:tm[enu] [menupath] List menu tips. {only in X11 and Win32 GUI}
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|
*:tunmenu*
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|
:tu[nmenu] {menupath} Remove a tip for a menu or tool.
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|
{only in X11 and Win32 GUI}
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|
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|
Note: To create menus for terminal mode, use |:tlmenu| instead.
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|
|
When a tip is defined for a menu item, it appears in the command-line area
|
|
when the mouse is over that item, much like a standard Windows menu hint in
|
|
the status bar. (Except when Vim is in Command-line mode, when of course
|
|
nothing is displayed.)
|
|
When a tip is defined for a ToolBar item, it appears as a tooltip when the
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|
mouse pauses over that button, in the usual fashion. Use the |hl-Tooltip|
|
|
highlight group to change its colors.
|
|
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|
A "tip" can be defined for each menu item. For example, when defining a menu
|
|
item like this: >
|
|
:amenu MyMenu.Hello :echo "Hello"<CR>
|
|
The tip is defined like this: >
|
|
:tmenu MyMenu.Hello Displays a greeting.
|
|
And delete it with: >
|
|
:tunmenu MyMenu.Hello
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|
Tooltips are currently only supported for the X11 and Win32 GUI. However, they
|
|
should appear for the other gui platforms in the not too distant future.
|
|
|
|
The ":tmenu" command works just like other menu commands, it uses the same
|
|
arguments. ":tunmenu" deletes an existing menu tip, in the same way as the
|
|
other unmenu commands.
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|
If a menu item becomes invalid (i.e. its actions in all modes are deleted) Vim
|
|
deletes the menu tip (and the item) for you. This means that :aunmenu deletes
|
|
a menu item - you don't need to do a :tunmenu as well.
|
|
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|
5.9 Popup Menus
|
|
|
|
You can cause a menu to popup at the cursor. This behaves similarly to the
|
|
PopUp menus except that any menu tree can be popped up.
|
|
|
|
This command is for backwards compatibility, using it is discouraged, because
|
|
it behaves in a strange way.
|
|
|
|
*:popup* *:popu*
|
|
:popu[p] {name} Popup the menu {name}. The menu named must
|
|
have at least one subentry, but need not
|
|
appear on the menu-bar (see |hidden-menus|).
|
|
|
|
:popu[p]! {name} Like above, but use the position of the mouse
|
|
pointer instead of the cursor.
|
|
|
|
Example: >
|
|
:popup File
|
|
will make the "File" menu (if there is one) appear at the text cursor (mouse
|
|
pointer if ! was used). >
|
|
|
|
:amenu ]Toolbar.Make :make<CR>
|
|
:popup ]Toolbar
|
|
This creates a popup menu that doesn't exist on the main menu-bar.
|
|
|
|
Note that a menu that starts with ']' will not be displayed.
|
|
|
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|
|
vim:tw=78:sw=4:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl:
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