neovim/src/nvim/search.c

// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check
// it. PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com

/*
 * search.c: code for normal mode searching commands
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <limits.h>             // for INT_MAX on MSVC
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "nvim/ascii.h"
#include "nvim/buffer.h"
#include "nvim/change.h"
#include "nvim/charset.h"
#include "nvim/cursor.h"
#include "nvim/edit.h"
#include "nvim/eval.h"
#include "nvim/ex_cmds.h"
#include "nvim/ex_cmds2.h"
#include "nvim/ex_getln.h"
#include "nvim/fileio.h"
#include "nvim/fold.h"
#include "nvim/func_attr.h"
#include "nvim/getchar.h"
#include "nvim/indent.h"
#include "nvim/indent_c.h"
#include "nvim/main.h"
#include "nvim/mark.h"
#include "nvim/mbyte.h"
#include "nvim/memline.h"
#include "nvim/memory.h"
#include "nvim/message.h"
#include "nvim/mouse.h"
#include "nvim/move.h"
#include "nvim/normal.h"
#include "nvim/option.h"
#include "nvim/os/input.h"
#include "nvim/os/time.h"
#include "nvim/path.h"
#include "nvim/regexp.h"
#include "nvim/screen.h"
#include "nvim/search.h"
#include "nvim/strings.h"
#include "nvim/ui.h"
#include "nvim/vim.h"
#include "nvim/window.h"

#ifdef INCLUDE_GENERATED_DECLARATIONS
# include "search.c.generated.h"
#endif

//  This file contains various searching-related routines. These fall into
//  three groups:
//  1. string searches (for /, ?, n, and N)
//  2. character searches within a single line (for f, F, t, T, etc)
//  3. "other" kinds of searches like the '%' command, and 'word' searches.
//
//
//  String searches
//
//  The string search functions are divided into two levels:
//  lowest:  searchit(); uses a pos_T for starting position and found match.
//  Highest: do_search(); uses curwin->w_cursor; calls searchit().
//
//  The last search pattern is remembered for repeating the same search.
//  This pattern is shared between the :g, :s, ? and / commands.
//  This is in search_regcomp().
//
//  The actual string matching is done using a heavily modified version of
//  Henry Spencer's regular expression library.  See regexp.c.
//
//
//
// Two search patterns are remembered: One for the :substitute command and
// one for other searches.  last_idx points to the one that was used the last
// time.

static struct spat spats[2] =
{
  // Last used search pattern
  [0] = { NULL, true, false, 0, { '/', false, false, 0L }, NULL },
  // Last used substitute pattern
  [1] = { NULL, true, false, 0, { '/', false, false, 0L }, NULL }
};

static int last_idx = 0;        // index in spats[] for RE_LAST

static char_u lastc[2] = { NUL, NUL };    // last character searched for
static Direction lastcdir = FORWARD;      // last direction of character search
static int last_t_cmd = true;             // last search t_cmd
static char_u lastc_bytes[MB_MAXBYTES + 1];
static int lastc_bytelen = 1;             // >1 for multi-byte char

// copy of spats[], for keeping the search patterns while executing autocmds
static struct spat saved_spats[2];
static int saved_spats_last_idx = 0;
static bool saved_spats_no_hlsearch = false;

static char_u *mr_pattern = NULL;    // pattern used by search_regcomp()
static bool mr_pattern_alloced = false;    // mr_pattern was allocated

/*
 * Type used by find_pattern_in_path() to remember which included files have
 * been searched already.
 */
typedef struct SearchedFile {
  FILE *fp;              // File pointer
  char_u *name;            // Full name of file
  linenr_T lnum;                // Line we were up to in file
  int matched;                  // Found a match in this file
} SearchedFile;

/// translate search pattern for vim_regcomp()
///
/// pat_save == RE_SEARCH: save pat in spats[RE_SEARCH].pat (normal search cmd)
/// pat_save == RE_SUBST: save pat in spats[RE_SUBST].pat (:substitute command)
/// pat_save == RE_BOTH: save pat in both patterns (:global command)
/// pat_use  == RE_SEARCH: use previous search pattern if "pat" is NULL
/// pat_use  == RE_SUBST: use previous substitute pattern if "pat" is NULL
/// pat_use  == RE_LAST: use last used pattern if "pat" is NULL
/// options & SEARCH_HIS: put search string in history
/// options & SEARCH_KEEP: keep previous search pattern
///
/// @param regmatch  return: pattern and ignore-case flag
///
/// @return          FAIL if failed, OK otherwise.
int search_regcomp(char_u *pat, int pat_save, int pat_use, int options, regmmatch_T *regmatch)
{
  int magic;
  int i;

  rc_did_emsg = false;
  magic = p_magic;

  /*
   * If no pattern given, use a previously defined pattern.
   */
  if (pat == NULL || *pat == NUL) {
    if (pat_use == RE_LAST) {
      i = last_idx;
    } else {
      i = pat_use;
    }
    if (spats[i].pat == NULL) {         // pattern was never defined
      if (pat_use == RE_SUBST) {
        emsg(_(e_nopresub));
      } else {
        emsg(_(e_noprevre));
      }
      rc_did_emsg = true;
      return FAIL;
    }
    pat = spats[i].pat;
    magic = spats[i].magic;
    no_smartcase = spats[i].no_scs;
  } else if (options & SEARCH_HIS) {      // put new pattern in history
    add_to_history(HIST_SEARCH, pat, true, NUL);
  }

  if (mr_pattern_alloced) {
    xfree(mr_pattern);
    mr_pattern_alloced = false;
  }

  if (curwin->w_p_rl && *curwin->w_p_rlc == 's') {
    mr_pattern = reverse_text(pat);
    mr_pattern_alloced = true;
  } else {
    mr_pattern = pat;
  }

  /*
   * Save the currently used pattern in the appropriate place,
   * unless the pattern should not be remembered.
   */
  if (!(options & SEARCH_KEEP) && (cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_KEEPPATTERNS) == 0) {
    // search or global command
    if (pat_save == RE_SEARCH || pat_save == RE_BOTH) {
      save_re_pat(RE_SEARCH, pat, magic);
    }
    // substitute or global command
    if (pat_save == RE_SUBST || pat_save == RE_BOTH) {
      save_re_pat(RE_SUBST, pat, magic);
    }
  }

  regmatch->rmm_ic = ignorecase(pat);
  regmatch->rmm_maxcol = 0;
  regmatch->regprog = vim_regcomp((char *)pat, magic ? RE_MAGIC : 0);
  if (regmatch->regprog == NULL) {
    return FAIL;
  }
  return OK;
}

/*
 * Get search pattern used by search_regcomp().
 */
char_u *get_search_pat(void)
{
  return mr_pattern;
}

void save_re_pat(int idx, char_u *pat, int magic)
{
  if (spats[idx].pat != pat) {
    free_spat(&spats[idx]);
    spats[idx].pat = vim_strsave(pat);
    spats[idx].magic = magic;
    spats[idx].no_scs = no_smartcase;
    spats[idx].timestamp = os_time();
    spats[idx].additional_data = NULL;
    last_idx = idx;
    // If 'hlsearch' set and search pat changed: need redraw.
    if (p_hls) {
      redraw_all_later(SOME_VALID);
    }
    set_no_hlsearch(false);
  }
}

/*
 * Save the search patterns, so they can be restored later.
 * Used before/after executing autocommands and user functions.
 */
static int save_level = 0;

void save_search_patterns(void)
{
  if (save_level++ == 0) {
    saved_spats[0] = spats[0];
    if (spats[0].pat != NULL) {
      saved_spats[0].pat = vim_strsave(spats[0].pat);
    }
    saved_spats[1] = spats[1];
    if (spats[1].pat != NULL) {
      saved_spats[1].pat = vim_strsave(spats[1].pat);
    }
    saved_spats_last_idx = last_idx;
    saved_spats_no_hlsearch = no_hlsearch;
  }
}

void restore_search_patterns(void)
{
  if (--save_level == 0) {
    free_spat(&spats[0]);
    spats[0] = saved_spats[0];
    set_vv_searchforward();
    free_spat(&spats[1]);
    spats[1] = saved_spats[1];
    last_idx = saved_spats_last_idx;
    set_no_hlsearch(saved_spats_no_hlsearch);
  }
}

static inline void free_spat(struct spat *const spat)
{
  xfree(spat->pat);
  tv_dict_unref(spat->additional_data);
}

#if defined(EXITFREE)
void free_search_patterns(void)
{
  free_spat(&spats[0]);
  free_spat(&spats[1]);

  memset(spats, 0, sizeof(spats));

  if (mr_pattern_alloced) {
    xfree(mr_pattern);
    mr_pattern_alloced = false;
    mr_pattern = NULL;
  }
}

#endif

// copy of spats[RE_SEARCH], for keeping the search patterns while incremental
// searching
static struct spat saved_last_search_spat;
static int did_save_last_search_spat = 0;
static int saved_last_idx = 0;
static bool saved_no_hlsearch = false;
static colnr_T saved_search_match_endcol;
static linenr_T saved_search_match_lines;

/// Save and restore the search pattern for incremental highlight search
/// feature.
///
/// It's similar to but different from save_search_patterns() and
/// restore_search_patterns(), because the search pattern must be restored when
/// cancelling incremental searching even if it's called inside user functions.
void save_last_search_pattern(void)
{
  if (++did_save_last_search_spat != 1) {
    // nested call, nothing to do
    return;
  }

  saved_last_search_spat = spats[RE_SEARCH];
  if (spats[RE_SEARCH].pat != NULL) {
    saved_last_search_spat.pat = vim_strsave(spats[RE_SEARCH].pat);
  }
  saved_last_idx = last_idx;
  saved_no_hlsearch = no_hlsearch;
}

void restore_last_search_pattern(void)
{
  if (--did_save_last_search_spat > 0) {
    // nested call, nothing to do
    return;
  }
  if (did_save_last_search_spat != 0) {
    iemsg("restore_last_search_pattern() called more often than"
          " save_last_search_pattern()");
    return;
  }

  xfree(spats[RE_SEARCH].pat);
  spats[RE_SEARCH] = saved_last_search_spat;
  saved_last_search_spat.pat = NULL;
  set_vv_searchforward();
  last_idx = saved_last_idx;
  set_no_hlsearch(saved_no_hlsearch);
}

/// Save and restore the incsearch highlighting variables.
/// This is required so that calling searchcount() at does not invalidate the
/// incsearch highlighting.
static void save_incsearch_state(void)
{
  saved_search_match_endcol = search_match_endcol;
  saved_search_match_lines  = search_match_lines;
}

static void restore_incsearch_state(void)
{
  search_match_endcol = saved_search_match_endcol;
  search_match_lines  = saved_search_match_lines;
}

char_u *last_search_pattern(void)
{
  return spats[RE_SEARCH].pat;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE when case should be ignored for search pattern "pat".
 * Uses the 'ignorecase' and 'smartcase' options.
 */
int ignorecase(char_u *pat)
{
  return ignorecase_opt(pat, p_ic, p_scs);
}

/// As ignorecase() put pass the "ic" and "scs" flags.
int ignorecase_opt(char_u *pat, int ic_in, int scs)
{
  int ic = ic_in;
  if (ic && !no_smartcase && scs
      && !(ctrl_x_mode_not_default()
           && curbuf->b_p_inf)) {
    ic = !pat_has_uppercase(pat);
  }
  no_smartcase = false;

  return ic;
}

/// Returns true if pattern `pat` has an uppercase character.
bool pat_has_uppercase(char_u *pat)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
{
  char_u *p = pat;

  while (*p != NUL) {
    const int l = utfc_ptr2len((char *)p);

    if (l > 1) {
      if (mb_isupper(utf_ptr2char((char *)p))) {
        return true;
      }
      p += l;
    } else if (*p == '\\') {
      if (p[1] == '_' && p[2] != NUL) {  // skip "\_X"
        p += 3;
      } else if (p[1] == '%' && p[2] != NUL) {  // skip "\%X"
        p += 3;
      } else if (p[1] != NUL) {  // skip "\X"
        p += 2;
      } else {
        p += 1;
      }
    } else if (mb_isupper(*p)) {
      return true;
    } else {
      p++;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

const char *last_csearch(void)
  FUNC_ATTR_PURE FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
{
  return (const char *)lastc_bytes;
}

int last_csearch_forward(void)
{
  return lastcdir == FORWARD;
}

int last_csearch_until(void)
{
  return last_t_cmd == TRUE;
}

void set_last_csearch(int c, char_u *s, int len)
{
  *lastc = c;
  lastc_bytelen = len;
  if (len) {
    memcpy(lastc_bytes, s, len);
  } else {
    memset(lastc_bytes, 0, sizeof(lastc_bytes));
  }
}

void set_csearch_direction(Direction cdir)
{
  lastcdir = cdir;
}

void set_csearch_until(int t_cmd)
{
  last_t_cmd = t_cmd;
}

char_u *last_search_pat(void)
{
  return spats[last_idx].pat;
}

/*
 * Reset search direction to forward.  For "gd" and "gD" commands.
 */
void reset_search_dir(void)
{
  spats[0].off.dir = '/';
  set_vv_searchforward();
}

/*
 * Set the last search pattern.  For ":let @/ =" and ShaDa file.
 * Also set the saved search pattern, so that this works in an autocommand.
 */
void set_last_search_pat(const char_u *s, int idx, int magic, int setlast)
{
  free_spat(&spats[idx]);
  // An empty string means that nothing should be matched.
  if (*s == NUL) {
    spats[idx].pat = NULL;
  } else {
    spats[idx].pat = (char_u *)xstrdup((char *)s);
  }
  spats[idx].timestamp = os_time();
  spats[idx].additional_data = NULL;
  spats[idx].magic = magic;
  spats[idx].no_scs = false;
  spats[idx].off.dir = '/';
  set_vv_searchforward();
  spats[idx].off.line = FALSE;
  spats[idx].off.end = FALSE;
  spats[idx].off.off = 0;
  if (setlast) {
    last_idx = idx;
  }
  if (save_level) {
    free_spat(&saved_spats[idx]);
    saved_spats[idx] = spats[0];
    if (spats[idx].pat == NULL) {
      saved_spats[idx].pat = NULL;
    } else {
      saved_spats[idx].pat = vim_strsave(spats[idx].pat);
    }
    saved_spats_last_idx = last_idx;
  }
  // If 'hlsearch' set and search pat changed: need redraw.
  if (p_hls && idx == last_idx && !no_hlsearch) {
    redraw_all_later(SOME_VALID);
  }
}

/*
 * Get a regexp program for the last used search pattern.
 * This is used for highlighting all matches in a window.
 * Values returned in regmatch->regprog and regmatch->rmm_ic.
 */
void last_pat_prog(regmmatch_T *regmatch)
{
  if (spats[last_idx].pat == NULL) {
    regmatch->regprog = NULL;
    return;
  }
  ++emsg_off;           // So it doesn't beep if bad expr
  (void)search_regcomp((char_u *)"", 0, last_idx, SEARCH_KEEP, regmatch);
  --emsg_off;
}

/// lowest level search function.
/// Search for 'count'th occurrence of pattern "pat" in direction "dir".
/// Start at position "pos" and return the found position in "pos".
///
/// if (options & SEARCH_MSG) == 0 don't give any messages
/// if (options & SEARCH_MSG) == SEARCH_NFMSG don't give 'notfound' messages
/// if (options & SEARCH_MSG) == SEARCH_MSG give all messages
/// if (options & SEARCH_HIS) put search pattern in history
/// if (options & SEARCH_END) return position at end of match
/// if (options & SEARCH_START) accept match at pos itself
/// if (options & SEARCH_KEEP) keep previous search pattern
/// if (options & SEARCH_FOLD) match only once in a closed fold
/// if (options & SEARCH_PEEK) check for typed char, cancel search
/// if (options & SEARCH_COL) start at pos->col instead of zero
///
/// @param win        window to search in; can be NULL for a buffer without a window!
/// @param end_pos    set to end of the match, unless NULL
/// @param pat_use    which pattern to use when "pat" is empty
/// @param extra_arg  optional extra arguments, can be NULL
///
/// @returns          FAIL (zero) for failure, non-zero for success.
///                   the index of the first matching
///                   subpattern plus one; one if there was none.
int searchit(win_T *win, buf_T *buf, pos_T *pos, pos_T *end_pos, Direction dir, char_u *pat,
             long count, int options, int pat_use, searchit_arg_T *extra_arg)
{
  int found;
  linenr_T lnum;                // no init to shut up Apollo cc
  regmmatch_T regmatch;
  char_u *ptr;
  colnr_T matchcol;
  lpos_T endpos;
  lpos_T matchpos;
  int loop;
  pos_T start_pos;
  int at_first_line;
  int extra_col;
  int start_char_len;
  bool match_ok;
  long nmatched;
  int submatch = 0;
  bool first_match = true;
  int save_called_emsg = called_emsg;
  bool break_loop = false;
  linenr_T stop_lnum = 0;  // stop after this line number when != 0
  proftime_T *tm = NULL;   // timeout limit or NULL
  int *timed_out = NULL;   // set when timed out or NULL

  if (extra_arg != NULL) {
    stop_lnum = extra_arg->sa_stop_lnum;
    tm = extra_arg->sa_tm;
    timed_out = &extra_arg->sa_timed_out;
  }

  if (search_regcomp(pat, RE_SEARCH, pat_use,
                     (options & (SEARCH_HIS + SEARCH_KEEP)), &regmatch) == FAIL) {
    if ((options & SEARCH_MSG) && !rc_did_emsg) {
      semsg(_("E383: Invalid search string: %s"), mr_pattern);
    }
    return FAIL;
  }

  /*
   * find the string
   */
  called_emsg = FALSE;
  do {  // loop for count
    // When not accepting a match at the start position set "extra_col" to a
    // non-zero value.  Don't do that when starting at MAXCOL, since MAXCOL + 1
    // is zero.
    if (pos->col == MAXCOL) {
      start_char_len = 0;
    } else if (pos->lnum >= 1
               && pos->lnum <= buf->b_ml.ml_line_count
               && pos->col < MAXCOL - 2) {
      // Watch out for the "col" being MAXCOL - 2, used in a closed fold.
      ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, pos->lnum, false);
      if ((int)STRLEN(ptr) <= pos->col) {
        start_char_len = 1;
      } else {
        start_char_len = utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr + pos->col);
      }
    } else {
      start_char_len = 1;
    }
    if (dir == FORWARD) {
      extra_col = (options & SEARCH_START) ? 0 : start_char_len;
    } else {
      extra_col = (options & SEARCH_START) ? start_char_len : 0;
    }

    start_pos = *pos;           // remember start pos for detecting no match
    found = 0;                  // default: not found
    at_first_line = TRUE;       // default: start in first line
    if (pos->lnum == 0) {       // correct lnum for when starting in line 0
      pos->lnum = 1;
      pos->col = 0;
      at_first_line = FALSE;        // not in first line now
    }

    /*
     * Start searching in current line, unless searching backwards and
     * we're in column 0.
     * If we are searching backwards, in column 0, and not including the
     * current position, gain some efficiency by skipping back a line.
     * Otherwise begin the search in the current line.
     */
    if (dir == BACKWARD && start_pos.col == 0
        && (options & SEARCH_START) == 0) {
      lnum = pos->lnum - 1;
      at_first_line = FALSE;
    } else {
      lnum = pos->lnum;
    }

    for (loop = 0; loop <= 1; ++loop) {     // loop twice if 'wrapscan' set
      for (; lnum > 0 && lnum <= buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
           lnum += dir, at_first_line = FALSE) {
        // Stop after checking "stop_lnum", if it's set.
        if (stop_lnum != 0 && (dir == FORWARD
                               ? lnum > stop_lnum : lnum < stop_lnum)) {
          break;
        }
        // Stop after passing the "tm" time limit.
        if (tm != NULL && profile_passed_limit(*tm)) {
          break;
        }

        // Look for a match somewhere in line "lnum".
        colnr_T col = at_first_line && (options & SEARCH_COL) ? pos->col : 0;
        nmatched = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, win, buf,
                                     lnum, col, tm, timed_out);
        // vim_regexec_multi() may clear "regprog"
        if (regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
          break;
        }
        // Abort searching on an error (e.g., out of stack).
        if (called_emsg || (timed_out != NULL && *timed_out)) {
          break;
        }
        if (nmatched > 0) {
          // match may actually be in another line when using \zs
          matchpos = regmatch.startpos[0];
          endpos = regmatch.endpos[0];
          submatch = first_submatch(&regmatch);
          // "lnum" may be past end of buffer for "\n\zs".
          if (lnum + matchpos.lnum > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
            ptr = (char_u *)"";
          } else {
            ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, lnum + matchpos.lnum, false);
          }

          /*
           * Forward search in the first line: match should be after
           * the start position. If not, continue at the end of the
           * match (this is vi compatible) or on the next char.
           */
          if (dir == FORWARD && at_first_line) {
            match_ok = true;
            // When the match starts in a next line it's certainly
            // past the start position.
            // When match lands on a NUL the cursor will be put
            // one back afterwards, compare with that position,
            // otherwise "/$" will get stuck on end of line.
            while (matchpos.lnum == 0
                   && (((options & SEARCH_END) && first_match)
                       ?  (nmatched == 1
                           && (int)endpos.col - 1
                           < (int)start_pos.col + extra_col)
                       : ((int)matchpos.col
                          - (ptr[matchpos.col] == NUL)
                          < (int)start_pos.col + extra_col))) {
              /*
               * If vi-compatible searching, continue at the end
               * of the match, otherwise continue one position
               * forward.
               */
              if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_SEARCH) != NULL) {
                if (nmatched > 1) {
                  // end is in next line, thus no match in
                  // this line
                  match_ok = false;
                  break;
                }
                matchcol = endpos.col;
                // for empty match (matchcol == matchpos.col): advance one char
              } else {
                // Prepare to start after first matched character.
                matchcol = matchpos.col;
              }

              if (matchcol == matchpos.col && ptr[matchcol] != NUL) {
                matchcol += utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr + matchcol);
              }

              if (matchcol == 0 && (options & SEARCH_START)) {
                break;
              }

              if (ptr[matchcol] == NUL
                  || (nmatched = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, win, buf,
                                                   lnum, matchcol, tm,
                                                   timed_out)) == 0) {
                match_ok = false;
                break;
              }
              // vim_regexec_multi() may clear "regprog"
              if (regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
                break;
              }
              matchpos = regmatch.startpos[0];
              endpos = regmatch.endpos[0];
              submatch = first_submatch(&regmatch);

              // This while-loop only works with matchpos.lnum == 0.
              // For bigger values the next line pointer ptr might not be a
              // buffer line.
              if (matchpos.lnum != 0) {
                break;
              }
              // Need to get the line pointer again, a multi-line search may
              // have made it invalid.
              ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, lnum, false);
            }
            if (!match_ok) {
              continue;
            }
          }
          if (dir == BACKWARD) {
            /*
             * Now, if there are multiple matches on this line,
             * we have to get the last one. Or the last one before
             * the cursor, if we're on that line.
             * When putting the new cursor at the end, compare
             * relative to the end of the match.
             */
            match_ok = false;
            for (;;) {
              // Remember a position that is before the start
              // position, we use it if it's the last match in
              // the line.  Always accept a position after
              // wrapping around.
              if (loop
                  || ((options & SEARCH_END)
                      ? (lnum + regmatch.endpos[0].lnum
                         < start_pos.lnum
                         || (lnum + regmatch.endpos[0].lnum
                             == start_pos.lnum
                             && (int)regmatch.endpos[0].col - 1
                             < (int)start_pos.col + extra_col))
                      : (lnum + regmatch.startpos[0].lnum
                         < start_pos.lnum
                         || (lnum + regmatch.startpos[0].lnum
                             == start_pos.lnum
                             && (int)regmatch.startpos[0].col
                             < (int)start_pos.col + extra_col)))) {
                match_ok = true;
                matchpos = regmatch.startpos[0];
                endpos = regmatch.endpos[0];
                submatch = first_submatch(&regmatch);
              } else {
                break;
              }

              // We found a valid match, now check if there is
              // another one after it.
              // If vi-compatible searching, continue at the end
              // of the match, otherwise continue one position
              // forward.
              if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_SEARCH) != NULL) {
                if (nmatched > 1) {
                  break;
                }
                matchcol = endpos.col;
                // for empty match: advance one char
                if (matchcol == matchpos.col
                    && ptr[matchcol] != NUL) {
                  matchcol += utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr + matchcol);
                }
              } else {
                // Stop when the match is in a next line.
                if (matchpos.lnum > 0) {
                  break;
                }
                matchcol = matchpos.col;
                if (ptr[matchcol] != NUL) {
                  matchcol += utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr + matchcol);
                }
              }
              if (ptr[matchcol] == NUL
                  || (nmatched =
                        vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, win, buf, lnum + matchpos.lnum, matchcol,
                                          tm, timed_out)) == 0) {
                // If the search timed out, we did find a match
                // but it might be the wrong one, so that's not
                // OK.
                if (tm != NULL && profile_passed_limit(*tm)) {
                  match_ok = false;
                }
                break;
              }
              // vim_regexec_multi() may clear "regprog"
              if (regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
                break;
              }
              // Need to get the line pointer again, a
              // multi-line search may have made it invalid.
              ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, lnum + matchpos.lnum, false);
            }

            /*
             * If there is only a match after the cursor, skip
             * this match.
             */
            if (!match_ok) {
              continue;
            }
          }

          // With the SEARCH_END option move to the last character
          // of the match.  Don't do it for an empty match, end
          // should be same as start then.
          if ((options & SEARCH_END) && !(options & SEARCH_NOOF)
              && !(matchpos.lnum == endpos.lnum
                   && matchpos.col == endpos.col)) {
            // For a match in the first column, set the position
            // on the NUL in the previous line.
            pos->lnum = lnum + endpos.lnum;
            pos->col = endpos.col;
            if (endpos.col == 0) {
              if (pos->lnum > 1) {              // just in case
                pos->lnum--;
                pos->col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get_buf(buf, pos->lnum, false));
              }
            } else {
              pos->col--;
              if (pos->lnum <= buf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
                ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, pos->lnum, false);
                pos->col -= utf_head_off(ptr, ptr + pos->col);
              }
            }
            if (end_pos != NULL) {
              end_pos->lnum = lnum + matchpos.lnum;
              end_pos->col = matchpos.col;
            }
          } else {
            pos->lnum = lnum + matchpos.lnum;
            pos->col = matchpos.col;
            if (end_pos != NULL) {
              end_pos->lnum = lnum + endpos.lnum;
              end_pos->col = endpos.col;
            }
          }
          pos->coladd = 0;
          if (end_pos != NULL) {
            end_pos->coladd = 0;
          }
          found = 1;
          first_match = false;

          // Set variables used for 'incsearch' highlighting.
          search_match_lines = endpos.lnum - matchpos.lnum;
          search_match_endcol = endpos.col;
          break;
        }
        line_breakcheck();              // stop if ctrl-C typed
        if (got_int) {
          break;
        }

        // Cancel searching if a character was typed.  Used for
        // 'incsearch'.  Don't check too often, that would slowdown
        // searching too much.
        if ((options & SEARCH_PEEK)
            && ((lnum - pos->lnum) & 0x3f) == 0
            && char_avail()) {
          break_loop = true;
          break;
        }

        if (loop && lnum == start_pos.lnum) {
          break;                    // if second loop, stop where started
        }
      }
      at_first_line = FALSE;

      // vim_regexec_multi() may clear "regprog"
      if (regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
        break;
      }

      // Stop the search if wrapscan isn't set, "stop_lnum" is
      // specified, after an interrupt, after a match and after looping
      // twice.
      if (!p_ws || stop_lnum != 0 || got_int || called_emsg
          || (timed_out != NULL && *timed_out)
          || break_loop
          || found || loop) {
        break;
      }
      //
      // If 'wrapscan' is set we continue at the other end of the file.
      // If 'shortmess' does not contain 's', we give a message.
      // This message is also remembered in keep_msg for when the screen
      // is redrawn. The keep_msg is cleared whenever another message is
      // written.
      //
      if (dir == BACKWARD) {        // start second loop at the other end
        lnum = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
      } else {
        lnum = 1;
      }
      if (!shortmess(SHM_SEARCH) && (options & SEARCH_MSG)) {
        give_warning(_(dir == BACKWARD ? top_bot_msg : bot_top_msg), true);
      }
      if (extra_arg != NULL) {
        extra_arg->sa_wrapped = true;
      }
    }
    if (got_int || called_emsg
        || (timed_out != NULL && *timed_out)
        || break_loop) {
      break;
    }
  } while (--count > 0 && found);   // stop after count matches or no match

  vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);

  called_emsg |= save_called_emsg;

  if (!found) {             // did not find it
    if (got_int) {
      emsg(_(e_interr));
    } else if ((options & SEARCH_MSG) == SEARCH_MSG) {
      if (p_ws) {
        semsg(_(e_patnotf2), mr_pattern);
      } else if (lnum == 0) {
        semsg(_("E384: search hit TOP without match for: %s"),
              mr_pattern);
      } else {
        semsg(_("E385: search hit BOTTOM without match for: %s"),
              mr_pattern);
      }
    }
    return FAIL;
  }

  // A pattern like "\n\zs" may go past the last line.
  if (pos->lnum > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
    pos->lnum = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
    pos->col = (int)STRLEN(ml_get_buf(buf, pos->lnum, false));
    if (pos->col > 0) {
      pos->col--;
    }
  }

  return submatch + 1;
}

void set_search_direction(int cdir)
{
  spats[0].off.dir = cdir;
}

static void set_vv_searchforward(void)
{
  set_vim_var_nr(VV_SEARCHFORWARD, (long)(spats[0].off.dir == '/'));
}

// Return the number of the first subpat that matched.
// Return zero if none of them matched.
static int first_submatch(regmmatch_T *rp)
{
  int submatch;

  for (submatch = 1;; ++submatch) {
    if (rp->startpos[submatch].lnum >= 0) {
      break;
    }
    if (submatch == 9) {
      submatch = 0;
      break;
    }
  }
  return submatch;
}

/// Highest level string search function.
/// Search for the 'count'th occurrence of pattern 'pat' in direction 'dirc'
///
/// Careful: If spats[0].off.line == TRUE and spats[0].off.off == 0 this
/// makes the movement linewise without moving the match position.
///
/// @param dirc          if 0: use previous dir.
/// @param pat           NULL or empty : use previous string.
/// @param options       if TRUE and
///                      SEARCH_REV   == TRUE : go in reverse of previous dir.
///                      SEARCH_ECHO  == TRUE : echo the search command and handle options
///                      SEARCH_MSG   == TRUE : may give error message
///                      SEARCH_OPT   == TRUE : interpret optional flags
///                      SEARCH_HIS   == TRUE : put search pattern in history
///                      SEARCH_NOOF  == TRUE : don't add offset to position
///                      SEARCH_MARK  == TRUE : set previous context mark
///                      SEARCH_KEEP  == TRUE : keep previous search pattern
///                      SEARCH_START == TRUE : accept match at curpos itself
///                      SEARCH_PEEK  == TRUE : check for typed char, cancel search
/// @param oap           can be NULL
/// @param dirc          '/' or '?'
/// @param search_delim  delimiter for search, e.g. '%' in s%regex%replacement
/// @param sia           optional arguments or NULL
///
/// @return              0 for failure, 1 for found, 2 for found and line offset added.
int do_search(oparg_T *oap, int dirc, int search_delim, char_u *pat, long count, int options,
              searchit_arg_T *sia)
{
  pos_T pos;                    // position of the last match
  char_u *searchstr;
  struct soffset old_off;
  int retval;                   // Return value
  char_u *p;
  long c;
  char_u *dircp;
  char_u *strcopy = NULL;
  char_u *ps;
  char_u *msgbuf = NULL;
  size_t len;
  bool has_offset = false;

  /*
   * A line offset is not remembered, this is vi compatible.
   */
  if (spats[0].off.line && vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_LINEOFF) != NULL) {
    spats[0].off.line = false;
    spats[0].off.off = 0;
  }

  /*
   * Save the values for when (options & SEARCH_KEEP) is used.
   * (there is no "if ()" around this because gcc wants them initialized)
   */
  old_off = spats[0].off;

  pos = curwin->w_cursor;       // start searching at the cursor position

  /*
   * Find out the direction of the search.
   */
  if (dirc == 0) {
    dirc = (char_u)spats[0].off.dir;
  } else {
    spats[0].off.dir = dirc;
    set_vv_searchforward();
  }
  if (options & SEARCH_REV) {
    if (dirc == '/') {
      dirc = '?';
    } else {
      dirc = '/';
    }
  }

  // If the cursor is in a closed fold, don't find another match in the same
  // fold.
  if (dirc == '/') {
    if (hasFolding(pos.lnum, NULL, &pos.lnum)) {
      pos.col = MAXCOL - 2;             // avoid overflow when adding 1
    }
  } else {
    if (hasFolding(pos.lnum, &pos.lnum, NULL)) {
      pos.col = 0;
    }
  }

  /*
   * Turn 'hlsearch' highlighting back on.
   */
  if (no_hlsearch && !(options & SEARCH_KEEP)) {
    redraw_all_later(SOME_VALID);
    set_no_hlsearch(false);
  }

  /*
   * Repeat the search when pattern followed by ';', e.g. "/foo/;?bar".
   */
  for (;;) {
    bool show_top_bot_msg = false;

    searchstr = pat;
    dircp = NULL;
    // use previous pattern
    if (pat == NULL || *pat == NUL || *pat == search_delim) {
      if (spats[RE_SEARCH].pat == NULL) {           // no previous pattern
        searchstr = spats[RE_SUBST].pat;
        if (searchstr == NULL) {
          emsg(_(e_noprevre));
          retval = 0;
          goto end_do_search;
        }
      } else {
        // make search_regcomp() use spats[RE_SEARCH].pat
        searchstr = (char_u *)"";
      }
    }

    if (pat != NULL && *pat != NUL) {   // look for (new) offset
      /*
       * Find end of regular expression.
       * If there is a matching '/' or '?', toss it.
       */
      ps = strcopy;
      p = skip_regexp(pat, search_delim, p_magic, &strcopy);
      if (strcopy != ps) {
        // made a copy of "pat" to change "\?" to "?"
        searchcmdlen += (int)(STRLEN(pat) - STRLEN(strcopy));
        pat = strcopy;
        searchstr = strcopy;
      }
      if (*p == search_delim) {
        dircp = p;              // remember where we put the NUL
        *p++ = NUL;
      }
      spats[0].off.line = FALSE;
      spats[0].off.end = FALSE;
      spats[0].off.off = 0;
      // Check for a line offset or a character offset.
      // For get_address (echo off) we don't check for a character
      // offset, because it is meaningless and the 's' could be a
      // substitute command.
      if (*p == '+' || *p == '-' || ascii_isdigit(*p)) {
        spats[0].off.line = true;
      } else if ((options & SEARCH_OPT)
                 && (*p == 'e' || *p == 's' || *p == 'b')) {
        if (*p == 'e') {  // end
          spats[0].off.end = true;
        }
        p++;
      }
      if (ascii_isdigit(*p) || *p == '+' || *p == '-') {      // got an offset
        // 'nr' or '+nr' or '-nr'
        if (ascii_isdigit(*p) || ascii_isdigit(*(p + 1))) {
          spats[0].off.off = atol((char *)p);
        } else if (*p == '-') {                      // single '-'
          spats[0].off.off = -1;
        } else {  // single '+'
          spats[0].off.off = 1;
        }
        ++p;
        while (ascii_isdigit(*p)) {  // skip number
          ++p;
        }
      }

      // compute length of search command for get_address()
      searchcmdlen += (int)(p - pat);

      pat = p;                              // put pat after search command
    }

    if ((options & SEARCH_ECHO) && messaging() && !msg_silent
        && (!cmd_silent || !shortmess(SHM_SEARCHCOUNT))) {
      char_u *trunc;
      char_u off_buf[40];
      size_t off_len = 0;

      // Compute msg_row early.
      msg_start();

      // Get the offset, so we know how long it is.
      if (!cmd_silent
          && (spats[0].off.line || spats[0].off.end || spats[0].off.off)) {
        p = off_buf;  // -V507
        *p++ = dirc;
        if (spats[0].off.end) {
          *p++ = 'e';
        } else if (!spats[0].off.line) {
          *p++ = 's';
        }
        if (spats[0].off.off > 0 || spats[0].off.line) {
          *p++ = '+';
        }
        *p = NUL;
        if (spats[0].off.off != 0 || spats[0].off.line) {
          snprintf((char *)p, sizeof(off_buf) - 1 - (p - off_buf),
                   "%" PRId64, spats[0].off.off);
        }
        off_len = STRLEN(off_buf);
      }

      if (*searchstr == NUL) {
        p = spats[0].pat;
      } else {
        p = searchstr;
      }

      if (!shortmess(SHM_SEARCHCOUNT) || cmd_silent) {
        // Reserve enough space for the search pattern + offset +
        // search stat.  Use all the space available, so that the
        // search state is right aligned.  If there is not enough space
        // msg_strtrunc() will shorten in the middle.
        if (ui_has(kUIMessages)) {
          len = 0;  // adjusted below
        } else if (msg_scrolled != 0 && !cmd_silent) {
          // Use all the columns.
          len = (Rows - msg_row) * Columns - 1;
        } else {
          // Use up to 'showcmd' column.
          len = (Rows - msg_row - 1) * Columns + sc_col - 1;
        }
        if (len < STRLEN(p) + off_len + SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN + 3) {
          len = STRLEN(p) + off_len + SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN + 3;
        }
      } else {
        // Reserve enough space for the search pattern + offset.
        len = STRLEN(p) + off_len + 3;
      }

      xfree(msgbuf);
      msgbuf = xmalloc(len);
      memset(msgbuf, ' ', len);
      msgbuf[len - 1] = NUL;

      // do not fill the msgbuf buffer, if cmd_silent is set, leave it
      // empty for the search_stat feature.
      if (!cmd_silent) {
        msgbuf[0] = dirc;
        if (utf_iscomposing(utf_ptr2char((char *)p))) {
          // Use a space to draw the composing char on.
          msgbuf[1] = ' ';
          memmove(msgbuf + 2, p, STRLEN(p));
        } else {
          memmove(msgbuf + 1, p, STRLEN(p));
        }
        if (off_len > 0) {
          memmove(msgbuf + STRLEN(p) + 1, off_buf, off_len);
        }

        trunc = msg_strtrunc(msgbuf, true);
        if (trunc != NULL) {
          xfree(msgbuf);
          msgbuf = trunc;
        }

        // The search pattern could be shown on the right in rightleft
        // mode, but the 'ruler' and 'showcmd' area use it too, thus
        // it would be blanked out again very soon.  Show it on the
        // left, but do reverse the text.
        if (curwin->w_p_rl && *curwin->w_p_rlc == 's') {
          char_u *r = reverse_text(trunc != NULL ? trunc : msgbuf);
          xfree(msgbuf);
          msgbuf = r;
          // move reversed text to beginning of buffer
          while (*r == ' ') {
            r++;
          }
          size_t pat_len = msgbuf + STRLEN(msgbuf) - r;
          memmove(msgbuf, r, pat_len);
          // overwrite old text
          if ((size_t)(r - msgbuf) >= pat_len) {
            memset(r, ' ', pat_len);
          } else {
            memset(msgbuf + pat_len, ' ', r - msgbuf);
          }
        }
        msg_outtrans((char *)msgbuf);
        msg_clr_eos();
        msg_check();

        gotocmdline(false);
        ui_flush();
        msg_nowait = true;  // don't wait for this message
      }
    }

    /*
     * If there is a character offset, subtract it from the current
     * position, so we don't get stuck at "?pat?e+2" or "/pat/s-2".
     * Skip this if pos.col is near MAXCOL (closed fold).
     * This is not done for a line offset, because then we would not be vi
     * compatible.
     */
    if (!spats[0].off.line && spats[0].off.off && pos.col < MAXCOL - 2) {
      if (spats[0].off.off > 0) {
        for (c = spats[0].off.off; c; --c) {
          if (decl(&pos) == -1) {
            break;
          }
        }
        if (c) {                        // at start of buffer
          pos.lnum = 0;                 // allow lnum == 0 here
          pos.col = MAXCOL;
        }
      } else {
        for (c = spats[0].off.off; c; ++c) {
          if (incl(&pos) == -1) {
            break;
          }
        }
        if (c) {                        // at end of buffer
          pos.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count + 1;
          pos.col = 0;
        }
      }
    }

    c = searchit(curwin, curbuf, &pos, NULL, dirc == '/' ? FORWARD : BACKWARD,
                 searchstr, count,
                 (spats[0].off.end * SEARCH_END
                  + (options
                     & (SEARCH_KEEP + SEARCH_PEEK + SEARCH_HIS + SEARCH_MSG
                        + SEARCH_START
                        + ((pat != NULL && *pat == ';') ? 0 : SEARCH_NOOF)))),
                 RE_LAST, sia);

    if (dircp != NULL) {
      *dircp = search_delim;  // restore second '/' or '?' for normal_cmd()
    }

    if (!shortmess(SHM_SEARCH)
        && ((dirc == '/' && lt(pos, curwin->w_cursor))
            || (dirc == '?' && lt(curwin->w_cursor, pos)))) {
      show_top_bot_msg = true;
    }

    if (c == FAIL) {
      retval = 0;
      goto end_do_search;
    }
    if (spats[0].off.end && oap != NULL) {
      oap->inclusive = true;        // 'e' includes last character
    }
    retval = 1;                     // pattern found

    if (sia && sia->sa_wrapped) {
      apply_autocmds(EVENT_SEARCHWRAPPED, NULL, NULL, false, NULL);
    }

    /*
     * Add character and/or line offset
     */
    if (!(options & SEARCH_NOOF) || (pat != NULL && *pat == ';')) {
      pos_T org_pos = pos;

      if (spats[0].off.line) {  // Add the offset to the line number.
        c = pos.lnum + spats[0].off.off;
        if (c < 1) {
          pos.lnum = 1;
        } else if (c > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
          pos.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
        } else {
          pos.lnum = c;
        }
        pos.col = 0;

        retval = 2;                 // pattern found, line offset added
      } else if (pos.col < MAXCOL - 2) {      // just in case
        // to the right, check for end of file
        c = spats[0].off.off;
        if (c > 0) {
          while (c-- > 0) {
            if (incl(&pos) == -1) {
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        // to the left, check for start of file
        else {
          while (c++ < 0) {
            if (decl(&pos) == -1) {
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      if (!equalpos(pos, org_pos)) {
        has_offset = true;
      }
    }

    // Show [1/15] if 'S' is not in 'shortmess'.
    if ((options & SEARCH_ECHO)
        && messaging()
        && !msg_silent
        && c != FAIL
        && !shortmess(SHM_SEARCHCOUNT)
        && msgbuf != NULL) {
      cmdline_search_stat(dirc, &pos, &curwin->w_cursor,
                          show_top_bot_msg, msgbuf,
                          (count != 1 || has_offset
                           || (!(fdo_flags & FDO_SEARCH)
                               && hasFolding(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, NULL,
                                             NULL))),
                          SEARCH_STAT_DEF_MAX_COUNT,
                          SEARCH_STAT_DEF_TIMEOUT);
    }

    // The search command can be followed by a ';' to do another search.
    // For example: "/pat/;/foo/+3;?bar"
    // This is like doing another search command, except:
    // - The remembered direction '/' or '?' is from the first search.
    // - When an error happens the cursor isn't moved at all.
    // Don't do this when called by get_address() (it handles ';' itself).
    if (!(options & SEARCH_OPT) || pat == NULL || *pat != ';') {
      break;
    }

    dirc = *++pat;
    search_delim = dirc;
    if (dirc != '?' && dirc != '/') {
      retval = 0;
      emsg(_("E386: Expected '?' or '/'  after ';'"));
      goto end_do_search;
    }
    ++pat;
  }

  if (options & SEARCH_MARK) {
    setpcmark();
  }
  curwin->w_cursor = pos;
  curwin->w_set_curswant = TRUE;

end_do_search:
  if ((options & SEARCH_KEEP) || (cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_KEEPPATTERNS)) {
    spats[0].off = old_off;
  }
  xfree(msgbuf);

  return retval;
}

/*
 * search_for_exact_line(buf, pos, dir, pat)
 *
 * Search for a line starting with the given pattern (ignoring leading
 * white-space), starting from pos and going in direction "dir". "pos" will
 * contain the position of the match found.    Blank lines match only if
 * ADDING is set.  If p_ic is set then the pattern must be in lowercase.
 * Return OK for success, or FAIL if no line found.
 */
int search_for_exact_line(buf_T *buf, pos_T *pos, Direction dir, char_u *pat)
{
  linenr_T start = 0;
  char_u *ptr;
  char_u *p;

  if (buf->b_ml.ml_line_count == 0) {
    return FAIL;
  }
  for (;;) {
    pos->lnum += dir;
    if (pos->lnum < 1) {
      if (p_ws) {
        pos->lnum = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
        if (!shortmess(SHM_SEARCH)) {
          give_warning(_(top_bot_msg), true);
        }
      } else {
        pos->lnum = 1;
        break;
      }
    } else if (pos->lnum > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
      if (p_ws) {
        pos->lnum = 1;
        if (!shortmess(SHM_SEARCH)) {
          give_warning(_(bot_top_msg), true);
        }
      } else {
        pos->lnum = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (pos->lnum == start) {
      break;
    }
    if (start == 0) {
      start = pos->lnum;
    }
    ptr = ml_get_buf(buf, pos->lnum, false);
    p = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)ptr);
    pos->col = (colnr_T)(p - ptr);

    // when adding lines the matching line may be empty but it is not
    // ignored because we are interested in the next line -- Acevedo
    if ((compl_cont_status & CONT_ADDING)
        && !(compl_cont_status & CONT_SOL)) {
      if (mb_strcmp_ic((bool)p_ic, (const char *)p, (const char *)pat) == 0) {
        return OK;
      }
    } else if (*p != NUL) {  // Ignore empty lines.
      // Expanding lines or words.
      assert(compl_length >= 0);
      if ((p_ic ? mb_strnicmp(p, pat, (size_t)compl_length)
                : STRNCMP(p, pat, compl_length)) == 0) {
        return OK;
      }
    }
  }
  return FAIL;
}

/*
 * Character Searches
 */

/*
 * Search for a character in a line.  If "t_cmd" is FALSE, move to the
 * position of the character, otherwise move to just before the char.
 * Do this "cap->count1" times.
 * Return FAIL or OK.
 */
int searchc(cmdarg_T *cap, int t_cmd)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
{
  int c = cap->nchar;                   // char to search for
  int dir = cap->arg;                   // true for searching forward
  long count = cap->count1;             // repeat count
  int col;
  char_u *p;
  int len;
  bool stop = true;

  if (c != NUL) {       // normal search: remember args for repeat
    if (!KeyStuffed) {      // don't remember when redoing
      *lastc = c;
      set_csearch_direction(dir);
      set_csearch_until(t_cmd);
      lastc_bytelen = utf_char2bytes(c, (char *)lastc_bytes);
      if (cap->ncharC1 != 0) {
        lastc_bytelen += utf_char2bytes(cap->ncharC1,
                                        (char *)lastc_bytes + lastc_bytelen);
        if (cap->ncharC2 != 0) {
          lastc_bytelen += utf_char2bytes(cap->ncharC2,
                                          (char *)lastc_bytes + lastc_bytelen);
        }
      }
    }
  } else {            // repeat previous search
    if (*lastc == NUL && lastc_bytelen == 1) {
      return FAIL;
    }
    if (dir) {        // repeat in opposite direction
      dir = -lastcdir;
    } else {
      dir = lastcdir;
    }
    t_cmd = last_t_cmd;
    c = *lastc;
    // For multi-byte re-use last lastc_bytes[] and lastc_bytelen.

    // Force a move of at least one char, so ";" and "," will move the
    // cursor, even if the cursor is right in front of char we are looking
    // at.
    if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_SCOLON) == NULL && count == 1 && t_cmd) {
      stop = false;
    }
  }

  if (dir == BACKWARD) {
    cap->oap->inclusive = false;
  } else {
    cap->oap->inclusive = true;
  }

  p = get_cursor_line_ptr();
  col = curwin->w_cursor.col;
  len = (int)STRLEN(p);

  while (count--) {
    for (;;) {
      if (dir > 0) {
        col += utfc_ptr2len((char *)p + col);
        if (col >= len) {
          return FAIL;
        }
      } else {
        if (col == 0) {
          return FAIL;
        }
        col -= utf_head_off(p, p + col - 1) + 1;
      }
      if (lastc_bytelen == 1) {
        if (p[col] == c && stop) {
          break;
        }
      } else if (STRNCMP(p + col, lastc_bytes, lastc_bytelen) == 0 && stop) {
        break;
      }
      stop = true;
    }
  }

  if (t_cmd) {
    // Backup to before the character (possibly double-byte).
    col -= dir;
    if (dir < 0) {
      // Landed on the search char which is lastc_bytelen long.
      col += lastc_bytelen - 1;
    } else {
      // To previous char, which may be multi-byte.
      col -= utf_head_off(p, p + col);
    }
  }
  curwin->w_cursor.col = col;

  return OK;
}

/*
 * "Other" Searches
 */

/*
 * findmatch - find the matching paren or brace
 *
 * Improvement over vi: Braces inside quotes are ignored.
 */
pos_T *findmatch(oparg_T *oap, int initc)
{
  return findmatchlimit(oap, initc, 0, 0);
}

// Return true if the character before "linep[col]" equals "ch".
// Return false if "col" is zero.
// Update "*prevcol" to the column of the previous character, unless "prevcol"
// is NULL.
// Handles multibyte string correctly.
static bool check_prevcol(char_u *linep, int col, int ch, int *prevcol)
{
  col--;
  if (col > 0) {
    col -= utf_head_off(linep, linep + col);
  }
  if (prevcol) {
    *prevcol = col;
  }
  return col >= 0 && linep[col] == ch;
}

/*
 * Raw string start is found at linep[startpos.col - 1].
 * Return true if the matching end can be found between startpos and endpos.
 */
static bool find_rawstring_end(char_u *linep, pos_T *startpos, pos_T *endpos)
{
  char_u *p;
  char_u *delim_copy;
  size_t delim_len;
  linenr_T lnum;

  for (p = linep + startpos->col + 1; *p && *p != '('; p++) {}

  delim_len = (p - linep) - startpos->col - 1;
  delim_copy = vim_strnsave(linep + startpos->col + 1, delim_len);
  bool found = false;
  for (lnum = startpos->lnum; lnum <= endpos->lnum; lnum++) {
    char_u *line = ml_get(lnum);

    for (p = line + (lnum == startpos->lnum ? startpos->col + 1 : 0); *p; p++) {
      if (lnum == endpos->lnum && (colnr_T)(p - line) >= endpos->col) {
        break;
      }
      if (*p == ')'
          && STRNCMP(delim_copy, p + 1, delim_len) == 0
          && p[delim_len + 1] == '"') {
        found = true;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (found) {
      break;
    }
  }
  xfree(delim_copy);
  return found;
}

/// Check matchpairs option for "*initc".
/// If there is a match set "*initc" to the matching character and "*findc" to
/// the opposite character.  Set "*backwards" to the direction.
/// When "switchit" is true swap the direction.
static void find_mps_values(int *initc, int *findc, bool *backwards, bool switchit)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
{
  char_u *ptr = curbuf->b_p_mps;

  while (*ptr != NUL) {
    if (utf_ptr2char((char *)ptr) == *initc) {
      if (switchit) {
        *findc = *initc;
        *initc = utf_ptr2char((char *)ptr + utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr) + 1);
        *backwards = true;
      } else {
        *findc = utf_ptr2char((char *)ptr + utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr) + 1);
        *backwards = false;
      }
      return;
    }
    char_u *prev = ptr;
    ptr += utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr) + 1;
    if (utf_ptr2char((char *)ptr) == *initc) {
      if (switchit) {
        *findc = *initc;
        *initc = utf_ptr2char((char *)prev);
        *backwards = false;
      } else {
        *findc = utf_ptr2char((char *)prev);
        *backwards = true;
      }
      return;
    }
    ptr += utfc_ptr2len((char *)ptr);
    if (*ptr == ',') {
      ptr++;
    }
  }
}

/*
 * findmatchlimit -- find the matching paren or brace, if it exists within
 * maxtravel lines of the cursor.  A maxtravel of 0 means search until falling
 * off the edge of the file.
 *
 * "initc" is the character to find a match for.  NUL means to find the
 * character at or after the cursor. Special values:
 * '*'  look for C-style comment / *
 * '/'  look for C-style comment / *, ignoring comment-end
 * '#'  look for preprocessor directives
 * 'R'  look for raw string start: R"delim(text)delim" (only backwards)
 *
 * flags: FM_BACKWARD search backwards (when initc is '/', '*' or '#')
 *    FM_FORWARD  search forwards (when initc is '/', '*' or '#')
 *    FM_BLOCKSTOP  stop at start/end of block ({ or } in column 0)
 *    FM_SKIPCOMM skip comments (not implemented yet!)
 *
 * "oap" is only used to set oap->motion_type for a linewise motion, it can be
 * NULL
 */

pos_T *findmatchlimit(oparg_T *oap, int initc, int flags, int64_t maxtravel)
{
  static pos_T pos;                     // current search position
  int findc = 0;                        // matching brace
  int count = 0;                        // cumulative number of braces
  bool backwards = false;               // init for gcc
  bool raw_string = false;              // search for raw string
  bool inquote = false;                 // true when inside quotes
  char_u *ptr;
  int hash_dir = 0;                     // Direction searched for # things
  int comment_dir = 0;                  // Direction searched for comments
  int traveled = 0;                     // how far we've searched so far
  bool ignore_cend = false;             // ignore comment end
  int match_escaped = 0;                // search for escaped match
  int dir;                              // Direction to search
  int comment_col = MAXCOL;             // start of / / comment
  bool lispcomm = false;                // inside of Lisp-style comment
  bool lisp = curbuf->b_p_lisp;         // engage Lisp-specific hacks ;)

  pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  pos.coladd = 0;
  char_u *linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);     // pointer to current line

  // vi compatible matching
  bool cpo_match = (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_MATCH) != NULL);
  // don't recognize backslashes
  bool cpo_bsl = (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_MATCHBSL) != NULL);

  // Direction to search when initc is '/', '*' or '#'
  if (flags & FM_BACKWARD) {
    dir = BACKWARD;
  } else if (flags & FM_FORWARD) {
    dir = FORWARD;
  } else {
    dir = 0;
  }

  /*
   * if initc given, look in the table for the matching character
   * '/' and '*' are special cases: look for start or end of comment.
   * When '/' is used, we ignore running backwards into a star-slash, for
   * "[*" command, we just want to find any comment.
   */
  if (initc == '/' || initc == '*' || initc == 'R') {
    comment_dir = dir;
    if (initc == '/') {
      ignore_cend = true;
    }
    backwards = (dir == FORWARD) ? false : true;
    raw_string = (initc == 'R');
    initc = NUL;
  } else if (initc != '#' && initc != NUL) {
    find_mps_values(&initc, &findc, &backwards, true);
    if (dir) {
      backwards = (dir == FORWARD) ? false : true;
    }
    if (findc == NUL) {
      return NULL;
    }
  } else {
    /*
     * Either initc is '#', or no initc was given and we need to look
     * under the cursor.
     */
    if (initc == '#') {
      hash_dir = dir;
    } else {
      /*
       * initc was not given, must look for something to match under
       * or near the cursor.
       * Only check for special things when 'cpo' doesn't have '%'.
       */
      if (!cpo_match) {
        // Are we before or at #if, #else etc.?
        ptr = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)linep);
        if (*ptr == '#' && pos.col <= (colnr_T)(ptr - linep)) {
          ptr = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)ptr + 1);
          if (STRNCMP(ptr, "if", 2) == 0
              || STRNCMP(ptr, "endif", 5) == 0
              || STRNCMP(ptr, "el", 2) == 0) {
            hash_dir = 1;
          }
        }
        // Are we on a comment?
        else if (linep[pos.col] == '/') {
          if (linep[pos.col + 1] == '*') {
            comment_dir = FORWARD;
            backwards = false;
            pos.col++;
          } else if (pos.col > 0 && linep[pos.col - 1] == '*') {
            comment_dir = BACKWARD;
            backwards = true;
            pos.col--;
          }
        } else if (linep[pos.col] == '*') {
          if (linep[pos.col + 1] == '/') {
            comment_dir = BACKWARD;
            backwards = true;
          } else if (pos.col > 0 && linep[pos.col - 1] == '/') {
            comment_dir = FORWARD;
            backwards = false;
          }
        }
      }

      /*
       * If we are not on a comment or the # at the start of a line, then
       * look for brace anywhere on this line after the cursor.
       */
      if (!hash_dir && !comment_dir) {
        /*
         * Find the brace under or after the cursor.
         * If beyond the end of the line, use the last character in
         * the line.
         */
        if (linep[pos.col] == NUL && pos.col) {
          --pos.col;
        }
        for (;;) {
          initc = utf_ptr2char((char *)linep + pos.col);
          if (initc == NUL) {
            break;
          }

          find_mps_values(&initc, &findc, &backwards, false);
          if (findc) {
            break;
          }
          pos.col += utfc_ptr2len((char *)linep + pos.col);
        }
        if (!findc) {
          // no brace in the line, maybe use "  #if" then
          if (!cpo_match && *skipwhite((char *)linep) == '#') {
            hash_dir = 1;
          } else {
            return NULL;
          }
        } else if (!cpo_bsl) {
          int col, bslcnt = 0;

          // Set "match_escaped" if there are an odd number of
          // backslashes.
          for (col = pos.col; check_prevcol(linep, col, '\\', &col);) {
            bslcnt++;
          }
          match_escaped = (bslcnt & 1);
        }
      }
    }
    if (hash_dir) {
      /*
       * Look for matching #if, #else, #elif, or #endif
       */
      if (oap != NULL) {
        oap->motion_type = kMTLineWise;  // Linewise for this case only
      }
      if (initc != '#') {
        ptr = (char_u *)skipwhite(skipwhite((char *)linep) + 1);
        if (STRNCMP(ptr, "if", 2) == 0 || STRNCMP(ptr, "el", 2) == 0) {
          hash_dir = 1;
        } else if (STRNCMP(ptr, "endif", 5) == 0) {
          hash_dir = -1;
        } else {
          return NULL;
        }
      }
      pos.col = 0;
      while (!got_int) {
        if (hash_dir > 0) {
          if (pos.lnum == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
            break;
          }
        } else if (pos.lnum == 1) {
          break;
        }
        pos.lnum += hash_dir;
        linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);
        line_breakcheck();              // check for CTRL-C typed
        ptr = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)linep);
        if (*ptr != '#') {
          continue;
        }
        pos.col = (colnr_T)(ptr - linep);
        ptr = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)ptr + 1);
        if (hash_dir > 0) {
          if (STRNCMP(ptr, "if", 2) == 0) {
            count++;
          } else if (STRNCMP(ptr, "el", 2) == 0) {
            if (count == 0) {
              return &pos;
            }
          } else if (STRNCMP(ptr, "endif", 5) == 0) {
            if (count == 0) {
              return &pos;
            }
            count--;
          }
        } else {
          if (STRNCMP(ptr, "if", 2) == 0) {
            if (count == 0) {
              return &pos;
            }
            count--;
          } else if (initc == '#' && STRNCMP(ptr, "el", 2) == 0) {
            if (count == 0) {
              return &pos;
            }
          } else if (STRNCMP(ptr, "endif", 5) == 0) {
            count++;
          }
        }
      }
      return NULL;
    }
  }

  // This is just guessing: when 'rightleft' is set, search for a matching
  // paren/brace in the other direction.
  if (curwin->w_p_rl && vim_strchr("()[]{}<>", initc) != NULL) {
    backwards = !backwards;
  }

  int do_quotes = -1;                 // check for quotes in current line
  int at_start;                       // do_quotes value at start position
  TriState start_in_quotes = kNone;   // start position is in quotes
  pos_T match_pos;                    // Where last slash-star was found
  clearpos(&match_pos);

  // backward search: Check if this line contains a single-line comment
  if ((backwards && comment_dir) || lisp) {
    comment_col = check_linecomment(linep);
  }
  if (lisp && comment_col != MAXCOL && pos.col > (colnr_T)comment_col) {
    lispcomm = true;        // find match inside this comment
  }

  while (!got_int) {
    /*
     * Go to the next position, forward or backward. We could use
     * inc() and dec() here, but that is much slower
     */
    if (backwards) {
      // char to match is inside of comment, don't search outside
      if (lispcomm && pos.col < (colnr_T)comment_col) {
        break;
      }
      if (pos.col == 0) {               // at start of line, go to prev. one
        if (pos.lnum == 1) {            // start of file
          break;
        }
        --pos.lnum;

        if (maxtravel > 0 && ++traveled > maxtravel) {
          break;
        }

        linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);
        pos.col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(linep);         // pos.col on trailing NUL
        do_quotes = -1;
        line_breakcheck();

        // Check if this line contains a single-line comment
        if (comment_dir || lisp) {
          comment_col = check_linecomment(linep);
        }
        // skip comment
        if (lisp && comment_col != MAXCOL) {
          pos.col = comment_col;
        }
      } else {
        pos.col--;
        pos.col -= utf_head_off(linep, linep + pos.col);
      }
    } else {                          // forward search
      if (linep[pos.col] == NUL
          // at end of line, go to next one
          // For lisp don't search for match in comment
          || (lisp && comment_col != MAXCOL
              && pos.col == (colnr_T)comment_col)) {
        if (pos.lnum == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count          // end of file
            // line is exhausted and comment with it,
            // don't search for match in code
            || lispcomm) {
          break;
        }
        ++pos.lnum;

        if (maxtravel && traveled++ > maxtravel) {
          break;
        }

        linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);
        pos.col = 0;
        do_quotes = -1;
        line_breakcheck();
        if (lisp) {         // find comment pos in new line
          comment_col = check_linecomment(linep);
        }
      } else {
        pos.col += utfc_ptr2len((char *)linep + pos.col);
      }
    }

    // If FM_BLOCKSTOP given, stop at a '{' or '}' in column 0.
    if (pos.col == 0 && (flags & FM_BLOCKSTOP)
        && (linep[0] == '{' || linep[0] == '}')) {
      if (linep[0] == findc && count == 0) {  // match!
        return &pos;
      }
      break;  // out of scope
    }

    if (comment_dir) {
      // Note: comments do not nest, and we ignore quotes in them
      // TODO: ignore comment brackets inside strings
      if (comment_dir == FORWARD) {
        if (linep[pos.col] == '*' && linep[pos.col + 1] == '/') {
          pos.col++;
          return &pos;
        }
      } else {    // Searching backwards
        /*
         * A comment may contain / * or / /, it may also start or end
         * with / * /. Ignore a / * after / / and after *.
         */
        if (pos.col == 0) {
          continue;
        } else if (raw_string) {
          if (linep[pos.col - 1] == 'R'
              && linep[pos.col] == '"'
              && vim_strchr((char *)linep + pos.col + 1, '(') != NULL) {
            // Possible start of raw string. Now that we have the
            // delimiter we can check if it ends before where we
            // started searching, or before the previously found
            // raw string start.
            if (!find_rawstring_end(linep, &pos,
                                    count > 0 ? &match_pos : &curwin->w_cursor)) {
              count++;
              match_pos = pos;
              match_pos.col--;
            }
            linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);  // may have been released
          }
        } else if (linep[pos.col - 1] == '/'
                   && linep[pos.col] == '*'
                   && (pos.col == 1 || linep[pos.col - 2] != '*')
                   && (int)pos.col < comment_col) {
          count++;
          match_pos = pos;
          match_pos.col--;
        } else if (linep[pos.col - 1] == '*' && linep[pos.col] == '/') {
          if (count > 0) {
            pos = match_pos;
          } else if (pos.col > 1 && linep[pos.col - 2] == '/'
                     && (int)pos.col <= comment_col) {
            pos.col -= 2;
          } else if (ignore_cend) {
            continue;
          } else {
            return NULL;
          }
          return &pos;
        }
      }
      continue;
    }

    /*
     * If smart matching ('cpoptions' does not contain '%'), braces inside
     * of quotes are ignored, but only if there is an even number of
     * quotes in the line.
     */
    if (cpo_match) {
      do_quotes = 0;
    } else if (do_quotes == -1) {
      /*
       * Count the number of quotes in the line, skipping \" and '"'.
       * Watch out for "\\".
       */
      at_start = do_quotes;
      for (ptr = linep; *ptr; ++ptr) {
        if (ptr == linep + pos.col + backwards) {
          at_start = (do_quotes & 1);
        }
        if (*ptr == '"'
            && (ptr == linep || ptr[-1] != '\'' || ptr[1] != '\'')) {
          ++do_quotes;
        }
        if (*ptr == '\\' && ptr[1] != NUL) {
          ++ptr;
        }
      }
      do_quotes &= 1;               // result is 1 with even number of quotes

      /*
       * If we find an uneven count, check current line and previous
       * one for a '\' at the end.
       */
      if (!do_quotes) {
        inquote = false;
        if (ptr[-1] == '\\') {
          do_quotes = 1;
          if (start_in_quotes == kNone) {
            // Do we need to use at_start here?
            inquote = true;
            start_in_quotes = kTrue;
          } else if (backwards) {
            inquote = true;
          }
        }
        if (pos.lnum > 1) {
          ptr = ml_get(pos.lnum - 1);
          if (*ptr && *(ptr + STRLEN(ptr) - 1) == '\\') {
            do_quotes = 1;
            if (start_in_quotes == kNone) {
              inquote = at_start;
              if (inquote) {
                start_in_quotes = kTrue;
              }
            } else if (!backwards) {
              inquote = true;
            }
          }

          // ml_get() only keeps one line, need to get linep again
          linep = ml_get(pos.lnum);
        }
      }
    }
    if (start_in_quotes == kNone) {
      start_in_quotes = kFalse;
    }

    /*
     * If 'smartmatch' is set:
     *   Things inside quotes are ignored by setting 'inquote'.  If we
     *   find a quote without a preceding '\' invert 'inquote'.  At the
     *   end of a line not ending in '\' we reset 'inquote'.
     *
     *   In lines with an uneven number of quotes (without preceding '\')
     *   we do not know which part to ignore. Therefore we only set
     *   inquote if the number of quotes in a line is even, unless this
     *   line or the previous one ends in a '\'.  Complicated, isn't it?
     */
    const int c = utf_ptr2char((char *)linep + pos.col);
    switch (c) {
    case NUL:
      // at end of line without trailing backslash, reset inquote
      if (pos.col == 0 || linep[pos.col - 1] != '\\') {
        inquote = false;
        start_in_quotes = kFalse;
      }
      break;

    case '"':
      // a quote that is preceded with an odd number of backslashes is
      // ignored
      if (do_quotes) {
        int col;

        for (col = pos.col - 1; col >= 0; --col) {
          if (linep[col] != '\\') {
            break;
          }
        }
        if ((((int)pos.col - 1 - col) & 1) == 0) {
          inquote = !inquote;
          start_in_quotes = kFalse;
        }
      }
      break;

    /*
     * If smart matching ('cpoptions' does not contain '%'):
     *   Skip things in single quotes: 'x' or '\x'.  Be careful for single
     *   single quotes, eg jon's.  Things like '\233' or '\x3f' are not
     *   skipped, there is never a brace in them.
     *   Ignore this when finding matches for `'.
     */
    case '\'':
      if (!cpo_match && initc != '\'' && findc != '\'') {
        if (backwards) {
          if (pos.col > 1) {
            if (linep[pos.col - 2] == '\'') {
              pos.col -= 2;
              break;
            } else if (linep[pos.col - 2] == '\\'
                       && pos.col > 2 && linep[pos.col - 3] == '\'') {
              pos.col -= 3;
              break;
            }
          }
        } else if (linep[pos.col + 1]) {  // forward search
          if (linep[pos.col + 1] == '\\'
              && linep[pos.col + 2] && linep[pos.col + 3] == '\'') {
            pos.col += 3;
            break;
          } else if (linep[pos.col + 2] == '\'') {
            pos.col += 2;
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      FALLTHROUGH;

    default:
      /*
       * For Lisp skip over backslashed (), {} and [].
       * (actually, we skip #\( et al)
       */
      if (curbuf->b_p_lisp
          && vim_strchr("(){}[]", c) != NULL
          && pos.col > 1
          && check_prevcol(linep, pos.col, '\\', NULL)
          && check_prevcol(linep, pos.col - 1, '#', NULL)) {
        break;
      }

      // Check for match outside of quotes, and inside of
      // quotes when the start is also inside of quotes.
      if ((!inquote || start_in_quotes == kTrue)
          && (c == initc || c == findc)) {
        int col, bslcnt = 0;

        if (!cpo_bsl) {
          for (col = pos.col; check_prevcol(linep, col, '\\', &col);) {
            bslcnt++;
          }
        }
        // Only accept a match when 'M' is in 'cpo' or when escaping
        // is what we expect.
        if (cpo_bsl || (bslcnt & 1) == match_escaped) {
          if (c == initc) {
            count++;
          } else {
            if (count == 0) {
              return &pos;
            }
            count--;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (comment_dir == BACKWARD && count > 0) {
    pos = match_pos;
    return &pos;
  }
  return (pos_T *)NULL;         // never found it
}

/// Check if line[] contains a / / comment.
/// @returns MAXCOL if not, otherwise return the column.
int check_linecomment(const char_u *line)
{
  const char_u *p = line;  // scan from start
  // skip Lispish one-line comments
  if (curbuf->b_p_lisp) {
    if (vim_strchr((char *)p, ';') != NULL) {   // there may be comments
      bool in_str = false;       // inside of string

      while ((p = (char_u *)strpbrk((char *)p, "\";")) != NULL) {
        if (*p == '"') {
          if (in_str) {
            if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {             // skip escaped quote
              in_str = false;
            }
          } else if (p == line || ((p - line) >= 2
                                   // skip #\" form
                                   && *(p - 1) != '\\' && *(p - 2) != '#')) {
            in_str = true;
          }
        } else if (!in_str && ((p - line) < 2
                               || (*(p - 1) != '\\' && *(p - 2) != '#'))
                   && !is_pos_in_string(line, (colnr_T)(p - line))) {
          break;                // found!
        }
        p++;
      }
    } else {
      p = NULL;
    }
  } else {
    while ((p = (char_u *)vim_strchr((char *)p, '/')) != NULL) {
      // Accept a double /, unless it's preceded with * and followed by *,
      // because * / / * is an end and start of a C comment.  Only
      // accept the position if it is not inside a string.
      if (p[1] == '/' && (p == line || p[-1] != '*' || p[2] != '*')
          && !is_pos_in_string(line, (colnr_T)(p - line))) {
        break;
      }
      ++p;
    }
  }

  if (p == NULL) {
    return MAXCOL;
  }
  return (int)(p - line);
}

/// Move cursor briefly to character matching the one under the cursor.
/// Used for Insert mode and "r" command.
/// Show the match only if it is visible on the screen.
/// If there isn't a match, then beep.
///
/// @param c  char to show match for
void showmatch(int c)
{
  pos_T *lpos, save_cursor;
  pos_T mpos;
  colnr_T vcol;
  long *so = curwin->w_p_so >= 0 ? &curwin->w_p_so : &p_so;
  long *siso = curwin->w_p_siso >= 0 ? &curwin->w_p_siso : &p_siso;
  long save_so;
  long save_siso;
  int save_state;
  colnr_T save_dollar_vcol;
  char_u *p;

  /*
   * Only show match for chars in the 'matchpairs' option.
   */
  // 'matchpairs' is "x:y,x:y"
  for (p = curbuf->b_p_mps; *p != NUL; p++) {
    if (utf_ptr2char((char *)p) == c && (curwin->w_p_rl ^ p_ri)) {
      break;
    }
    p += utfc_ptr2len((char *)p) + 1;
    if (utf_ptr2char((char *)p) == c && !(curwin->w_p_rl ^ p_ri)) {
      break;
    }
    p += utfc_ptr2len((char *)p);
    if (*p == NUL) {
      return;
    }
  }
  if (*p == NUL) {
    return;
  }

  if ((lpos = findmatch(NULL, NUL)) == NULL) {  // no match, so beep
    vim_beep(BO_MATCH);
  } else if (lpos->lnum >= curwin->w_topline
             && lpos->lnum < curwin->w_botline) {
    if (!curwin->w_p_wrap) {
      getvcol(curwin, lpos, NULL, &vcol, NULL);
    }
    if (curwin->w_p_wrap
        || (vcol >= curwin->w_leftcol
            && vcol < curwin->w_leftcol + curwin->w_width_inner)) {
      mpos = *lpos;  // save the pos, update_screen() may change it
      save_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
      save_so = *so;
      save_siso = *siso;
      // Handle "$" in 'cpo': If the ')' is typed on top of the "$",
      // stop displaying the "$".
      if (dollar_vcol >= 0 && dollar_vcol == curwin->w_virtcol) {
        dollar_vcol = -1;
      }
      curwin->w_virtcol++;              // do display ')' just before "$"
      update_screen(VALID);             // show the new char first

      save_dollar_vcol = dollar_vcol;
      save_state = State;
      State = MODE_SHOWMATCH;
      ui_cursor_shape();                // may show different cursor shape
      curwin->w_cursor = mpos;          // move to matching char
      *so = 0;                          // don't use 'scrolloff' here
      *siso = 0;                        // don't use 'sidescrolloff' here
      showruler(false);
      setcursor();
      ui_flush();
      // Restore dollar_vcol(), because setcursor() may call curs_rows()
      // which resets it if the matching position is in a previous line
      // and has a higher column number.
      dollar_vcol = save_dollar_vcol;

      /*
       * brief pause, unless 'm' is present in 'cpo' and a character is
       * available.
       */
      if (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_SHOWMATCH) != NULL) {
        os_delay(p_mat * 100L + 8, true);
      } else if (!char_avail()) {
        os_delay(p_mat * 100L + 9, false);
      }
      curwin->w_cursor = save_cursor;           // restore cursor position
      *so = save_so;
      *siso = save_siso;
      State = save_state;
      ui_cursor_shape();                // may show different cursor shape
    }
  }
}

// Find the start of the next sentence, searching in the direction specified
// by the "dir" argument.  The cursor is positioned on the start of the next
// sentence when found.  If the next sentence is found, return OK.  Return FAIL
// otherwise.  See ":h sentence" for the precise definition of a "sentence"
// text object.
int findsent(Direction dir, long count)
{
  pos_T pos, tpos;
  int c;
  int (*func)(pos_T *);
  bool noskip = false;              // do not skip blanks

  pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  if (dir == FORWARD) {
    func = incl;
  } else {
    func = decl;
  }

  while (count--) {
    const pos_T prev_pos = pos;

    // if on an empty line, skip up to a non-empty line
    if (gchar_pos(&pos) == NUL) {
      do {
        if ((*func)(&pos) == -1) {
          break;
        }
      } while (gchar_pos(&pos) == NUL);
      if (dir == FORWARD) {
        goto found;
      }
      // if on the start of a paragraph or a section and searching forward,
      // go to the next line
    } else if (dir == FORWARD && pos.col == 0
               && startPS(pos.lnum, NUL, false)) {
      if (pos.lnum == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
        return FAIL;
      }
      pos.lnum++;
      goto found;
    } else if (dir == BACKWARD) {
      decl(&pos);
    }

    // go back to the previous non-white non-punctuation character
    bool found_dot = false;
    while (c = gchar_pos(&pos), ascii_iswhite(c)
           || vim_strchr(".!?)]\"'", c) != NULL) {
      tpos = pos;
      if (decl(&tpos) == -1 || (LINEEMPTY(tpos.lnum) && dir == FORWARD)) {
        break;
      }
      if (found_dot) {
        break;
      }
      if (vim_strchr(".!?", c) != NULL) {
        found_dot = true;
      }
      if (vim_strchr(")]\"'", c) != NULL
          && vim_strchr(".!?)]\"'", gchar_pos(&tpos)) == NULL) {
        break;
      }
      decl(&pos);
    }

    // remember the line where the search started
    const int startlnum = pos.lnum;
    const bool cpo_J = vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_ENDOFSENT) != NULL;

    for (;;) {                 // find end of sentence
      c = gchar_pos(&pos);
      if (c == NUL || (pos.col == 0 && startPS(pos.lnum, NUL, FALSE))) {
        if (dir == BACKWARD && pos.lnum != startlnum) {
          ++pos.lnum;
        }
        break;
      }
      if (c == '.' || c == '!' || c == '?') {
        tpos = pos;
        do {
          if ((c = inc(&tpos)) == -1) {
            break;
          }
        } while (vim_strchr(")]\"'", c = gchar_pos(&tpos))
                 != NULL);
        if (c == -1 || (!cpo_J && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) || c == NUL
            || (cpo_J && (c == ' ' && inc(&tpos) >= 0
                          && gchar_pos(&tpos) == ' '))) {
          pos = tpos;
          if (gchar_pos(&pos) == NUL) {         // skip NUL at EOL
            inc(&pos);
          }
          break;
        }
      }
      if ((*func)(&pos) == -1) {
        if (count) {
          return FAIL;
        }
        noskip = true;
        break;
      }
    }
found:
    // skip white space
    while (!noskip && ((c = gchar_pos(&pos)) == ' ' || c == '\t')) {
      if (incl(&pos) == -1) {
        break;
      }
    }

    if (equalpos(prev_pos, pos)) {
      // didn't actually move, advance one character and try again
      if ((*func)(&pos) == -1) {
        if (count) {
          return FAIL;
        }
        break;
      }
      count++;
    }
  }

  setpcmark();
  curwin->w_cursor = pos;
  return OK;
}

/// Find the next paragraph or section in direction 'dir'.
/// Paragraphs are currently supposed to be separated by empty lines.
/// If 'what' is NUL we go to the next paragraph.
/// If 'what' is '{' or '}' we go to the next section.
/// If 'both' is TRUE also stop at '}'.
///
/// @param pincl  Return: true if last char is to be included
///
/// @return       TRUE if the next paragraph or section was found.
bool findpar(bool *pincl, int dir, long count, int what, int both)
{
  linenr_T curr;
  bool did_skip;            // true after separating lines have been skipped
  bool first;               // true on first line
  linenr_T fold_first;      // first line of a closed fold
  linenr_T fold_last;       // last line of a closed fold
  bool fold_skipped;        // true if a closed fold was skipped this
                            // iteration

  curr = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;

  while (count--) {
    did_skip = false;
    for (first = true;; first = false) {
      if (*ml_get(curr) != NUL) {
        did_skip = true;
      }

      // skip folded lines
      fold_skipped = false;
      if (first && hasFolding(curr, &fold_first, &fold_last)) {
        curr = ((dir > 0) ? fold_last : fold_first) + dir;
        fold_skipped = true;
      }

      if (!first && did_skip && startPS(curr, what, both)) {
        break;
      }

      if (fold_skipped) {
        curr -= dir;
      }
      if ((curr += dir) < 1 || curr > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
        if (count) {
          return false;
        }
        curr -= dir;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  setpcmark();
  if (both && *ml_get(curr) == '}') {   // include line with '}'
    ++curr;
  }
  curwin->w_cursor.lnum = curr;
  if (curr == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count && what != '}') {
    char_u *line = ml_get(curr);

    // Put the cursor on the last character in the last line and make the
    // motion inclusive.
    if ((curwin->w_cursor.col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(line)) != 0) {
      curwin->w_cursor.col--;
      curwin->w_cursor.col -= utf_head_off(line, line + curwin->w_cursor.col);
      *pincl = true;
    }
  } else {
    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
  }
  return true;
}

/*
 * check if the string 's' is a nroff macro that is in option 'opt'
 */
static int inmacro(char_u *opt, char_u *s)
{
  char_u *macro;

  for (macro = opt; macro[0]; macro++) {
    // Accept two characters in the option being equal to two characters
    // in the line.  A space in the option matches with a space in the
    // line or the line having ended.
    if ((macro[0] == s[0]
         || (macro[0] == ' '
             && (s[0] == NUL || s[0] == ' ')))
        && (macro[1] == s[1]
            || ((macro[1] == NUL || macro[1] == ' ')
                && (s[0] == NUL || s[1] == NUL || s[1] == ' ')))) {
      break;
    }
    ++macro;
    if (macro[0] == NUL) {
      break;
    }
  }
  return macro[0] != NUL;
}

/*
 * startPS: return TRUE if line 'lnum' is the start of a section or paragraph.
 * If 'para' is '{' or '}' only check for sections.
 * If 'both' is TRUE also stop at '}'
 */
int startPS(linenr_T lnum, int para, int both)
{
  char_u *s;

  s = ml_get(lnum);
  if (*s == para || *s == '\f' || (both && *s == '}')) {
    return true;
  }
  if (*s == '.' && (inmacro(p_sections, s + 1)
                    || (!para && inmacro(p_para, s + 1)))) {
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/*
 * The following routines do the word searches performed by the 'w', 'W',
 * 'b', 'B', 'e', and 'E' commands.
 */

/*
 * To perform these searches, characters are placed into one of three
 * classes, and transitions between classes determine word boundaries.
 *
 * The classes are:
 *
 * 0 - white space
 * 1 - punctuation
 * 2 or higher - keyword characters (letters, digits and underscore)
 */

static int cls_bigword;         // TRUE for "W", "B" or "E"

/*
 * cls() - returns the class of character at curwin->w_cursor
 *
 * If a 'W', 'B', or 'E' motion is being done (cls_bigword == TRUE), chars
 * from class 2 and higher are reported as class 1 since only white space
 * boundaries are of interest.
 */
static int cls(void)
{
  int c;

  c = gchar_cursor();
  if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == NUL) {
    return 0;
  }

  c = utf_class(c);

  // If cls_bigword is TRUE, report all non-blanks as class 1.
  if (c != 0 && cls_bigword) {
    return 1;
  }
  return c;
}

/// fwd_word(count, type, eol) - move forward one word
///
/// @return  FAIL if the cursor was already at the end of the file.
/// If eol is TRUE, last word stops at end of line (for operators).
///
/// @param bigword  "W", "E" or "B"
int fwd_word(long count, int bigword, int eol)
{
  int sclass;               // starting class
  int i;
  int last_line;

  curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
  cls_bigword = bigword;
  while (--count >= 0) {
    // When inside a range of folded lines, move to the last char of the
    // last line.
    if (hasFolding(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, NULL, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum)) {
      coladvance(MAXCOL);
    }
    sclass = cls();

    /*
     * We always move at least one character, unless on the last
     * character in the buffer.
     */
    last_line = (curwin->w_cursor.lnum == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count);
    i = inc_cursor();
    if (i == -1 || (i >= 1 && last_line)) {   // started at last char in file
      return FAIL;
    }
    if (i >= 1 && eol && count == 0) {        // started at last char in line
      return OK;
    }

    /*
     * Go one char past end of current word (if any)
     */
    if (sclass != 0) {
      while (cls() == sclass) {
        i = inc_cursor();
        if (i == -1 || (i >= 1 && eol && count == 0)) {
          return OK;
        }
      }
    }

    /*
     * go to next non-white
     */
    while (cls() == 0) {
      /*
       * We'll stop if we land on a blank line
       */
      if (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0 && *get_cursor_line_ptr() == NUL) {
        break;
      }

      i = inc_cursor();
      if (i == -1 || (i >= 1 && eol && count == 0)) {
        return OK;
      }
    }
  }
  return OK;
}

/*
 * bck_word() - move backward 'count' words
 *
 * If stop is TRUE and we are already on the start of a word, move one less.
 *
 * Returns FAIL if top of the file was reached.
 */
int bck_word(long count, int bigword, int stop)
{
  int sclass;               // starting class

  curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
  cls_bigword = bigword;
  while (--count >= 0) {
    /* When inside a range of folded lines, move to the first char of the
     * first line. */
    if (hasFolding(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum, NULL)) {
      curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
    }
    sclass = cls();
    if (dec_cursor() == -1) {           // started at start of file
      return FAIL;
    }

    if (!stop || sclass == cls() || sclass == 0) {
      /*
       * Skip white space before the word.
       * Stop on an empty line.
       */
      while (cls() == 0) {
        if (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0
            && LINEEMPTY(curwin->w_cursor.lnum)) {
          goto finished;
        }
        if (dec_cursor() == -1) {       // hit start of file, stop here
          return OK;
        }
      }

      /*
       * Move backward to start of this word.
       */
      if (skip_chars(cls(), BACKWARD)) {
        return OK;
      }
    }

    inc_cursor();                       // overshot - forward one
finished:
    stop = FALSE;
  }
  return OK;
}

/*
 * end_word() - move to the end of the word
 *
 * There is an apparent bug in the 'e' motion of the real vi. At least on the
 * System V Release 3 version for the 80386. Unlike 'b' and 'w', the 'e'
 * motion crosses blank lines. When the real vi crosses a blank line in an
 * 'e' motion, the cursor is placed on the FIRST character of the next
 * non-blank line. The 'E' command, however, works correctly. Since this
 * appears to be a bug, I have not duplicated it here.
 *
 * Returns FAIL if end of the file was reached.
 *
 * If stop is TRUE and we are already on the end of a word, move one less.
 * If empty is TRUE stop on an empty line.
 */
int end_word(long count, int bigword, int stop, int empty)
{
  int sclass;               // starting class

  curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
  cls_bigword = bigword;
  while (--count >= 0) {
    /* When inside a range of folded lines, move to the last char of the
     * last line. */
    if (hasFolding(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, NULL, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum)) {
      coladvance(MAXCOL);
    }
    sclass = cls();
    if (inc_cursor() == -1) {
      return FAIL;
    }

    /*
     * If we're in the middle of a word, we just have to move to the end
     * of it.
     */
    if (cls() == sclass && sclass != 0) {
      /*
       * Move forward to end of the current word
       */
      if (skip_chars(sclass, FORWARD)) {
        return FAIL;
      }
    } else if (!stop || sclass == 0) {
      /*
       * We were at the end of a word. Go to the end of the next word.
       * First skip white space, if 'empty' is TRUE, stop at empty line.
       */
      while (cls() == 0) {
        if (empty && curwin->w_cursor.col == 0
            && LINEEMPTY(curwin->w_cursor.lnum)) {
          goto finished;
        }
        if (inc_cursor() == -1) {           // hit end of file, stop here
          return FAIL;
        }
      }

      /*
       * Move forward to the end of this word.
       */
      if (skip_chars(cls(), FORWARD)) {
        return FAIL;
      }
    }
    dec_cursor();                       // overshot - one char backward
finished:
    stop = FALSE;                       // we move only one word less
  }
  return OK;
}

/// Move back to the end of the word.
///
/// @param bigword  TRUE for "B"
/// @param eol      if true, then stop at end of line.
///
/// @return         FAIL if start of the file was reached.
int bckend_word(long count, int bigword, bool eol)
{
  int sclass;               // starting class
  int i;

  curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
  cls_bigword = bigword;
  while (--count >= 0) {
    sclass = cls();
    if ((i = dec_cursor()) == -1) {
      return FAIL;
    }
    if (eol && i == 1) {
      return OK;
    }

    /*
     * Move backward to before the start of this word.
     */
    if (sclass != 0) {
      while (cls() == sclass) {
        if ((i = dec_cursor()) == -1 || (eol && i == 1)) {
          return OK;
        }
      }
    }

    /*
     * Move backward to end of the previous word
     */
    while (cls() == 0) {
      if (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0 && LINEEMPTY(curwin->w_cursor.lnum)) {
        break;
      }
      if ((i = dec_cursor()) == -1 || (eol && i == 1)) {
        return OK;
      }
    }
  }
  return OK;
}

/// Skip a row of characters of the same class.
///
/// @return  true when end-of-file reached, false otherwise.
static bool skip_chars(int cclass, int dir)
{
  while (cls() == cclass) {
    if ((dir == FORWARD ? inc_cursor() : dec_cursor()) == -1) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

/*
 * Go back to the start of the word or the start of white space
 */
static void back_in_line(void)
{
  int sclass;                       // starting class

  sclass = cls();
  for (;;) {
    if (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0) {        // stop at start of line
      break;
    }
    dec_cursor();
    if (cls() != sclass) {                  // stop at start of word
      inc_cursor();
      break;
    }
  }
}

static void find_first_blank(pos_T *posp)
{
  int c;

  while (decl(posp) != -1) {
    c = gchar_pos(posp);
    if (!ascii_iswhite(c)) {
      incl(posp);
      break;
    }
  }
}

/// Skip count/2 sentences and count/2 separating white spaces.
///
/// @param at_start_sent  cursor is at start of sentence
static void findsent_forward(long count, bool at_start_sent)
{
  while (count--) {
    findsent(FORWARD, 1L);
    if (at_start_sent) {
      find_first_blank(&curwin->w_cursor);
    }
    if (count == 0 || at_start_sent) {
      decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
    }
    at_start_sent = !at_start_sent;
  }
}

/// Find word under cursor, cursor at end.
/// Used while an operator is pending, and in Visual mode.
///
/// @param include  TRUE: include word and white space
/// @param bigword  FALSE == word, TRUE == WORD
int current_word(oparg_T *oap, long count, int include, int bigword)
{
  pos_T start_pos;
  pos_T pos;
  bool inclusive = true;
  int include_white = FALSE;

  cls_bigword = bigword;
  clearpos(&start_pos);

  // Correct cursor when 'selection' is exclusive
  if (VIsual_active && *p_sel == 'e' && lt(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    dec_cursor();
  }

  /*
   * When Visual mode is not active, or when the VIsual area is only one
   * character, select the word and/or white space under the cursor.
   */
  if (!VIsual_active || equalpos(curwin->w_cursor, VIsual)) {
    /*
     * Go to start of current word or white space.
     */
    back_in_line();
    start_pos = curwin->w_cursor;

    /*
     * If the start is on white space, and white space should be included
     * (" word"), or start is not on white space, and white space should
     * not be included ("word"), find end of word.
     */
    if ((cls() == 0) == include) {
      if (end_word(1L, bigword, TRUE, TRUE) == FAIL) {
        return FAIL;
      }
    } else {
      /*
       * If the start is not on white space, and white space should be
       * included ("word   "), or start is on white space and white
       * space should not be included ("   "), find start of word.
       * If we end up in the first column of the next line (single char
       * word) back up to end of the line.
       */
      fwd_word(1L, bigword, TRUE);
      if (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0) {
        decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
      } else {
        oneleft();
      }

      if (include) {
        include_white = TRUE;
      }
    }

    if (VIsual_active) {
      // should do something when inclusive == false !
      VIsual = start_pos;
      redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);            // update the inversion
    } else {
      oap->start = start_pos;
      oap->motion_type = kMTCharWise;
    }
    --count;
  }

  /*
   * When count is still > 0, extend with more objects.
   */
  while (count > 0) {
    inclusive = true;
    if (VIsual_active && lt(curwin->w_cursor, VIsual)) {
      /*
       * In Visual mode, with cursor at start: move cursor back.
       */
      if (decl(&curwin->w_cursor) == -1) {
        return FAIL;
      }
      if (include != (cls() != 0)) {
        if (bck_word(1L, bigword, TRUE) == FAIL) {
          return FAIL;
        }
      } else {
        if (bckend_word(1L, bigword, true) == FAIL) {
          return FAIL;
        }
        (void)incl(&curwin->w_cursor);
      }
    } else {
      /*
       * Move cursor forward one word and/or white area.
       */
      if (incl(&curwin->w_cursor) == -1) {
        return FAIL;
      }
      if (include != (cls() == 0)) {
        if (fwd_word(1L, bigword, TRUE) == FAIL && count > 1) {
          return FAIL;
        }
        /*
         * If end is just past a new-line, we don't want to include
         * the first character on the line.
         * Put cursor on last char of white.
         */
        if (oneleft() == FAIL) {
          inclusive = false;
        }
      } else {
        if (end_word(1L, bigword, TRUE, TRUE) == FAIL) {
          return FAIL;
        }
      }
    }
    --count;
  }

  if (include_white && (cls() != 0
                        || (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0 && !inclusive))) {
    /*
     * If we don't include white space at the end, move the start
     * to include some white space there. This makes "daw" work
     * better on the last word in a sentence (and "2daw" on last-but-one
     * word).  Also when "2daw" deletes "word." at the end of the line
     * (cursor is at start of next line).
     * But don't delete white space at start of line (indent).
     */
    pos = curwin->w_cursor;     // save cursor position
    curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
    if (oneleft() == OK) {
      back_in_line();
      if (cls() == 0 && curwin->w_cursor.col > 0) {
        if (VIsual_active) {
          VIsual = curwin->w_cursor;
        } else {
          oap->start = curwin->w_cursor;
        }
      }
    }
    curwin->w_cursor = pos;     // put cursor back at end
  }

  if (VIsual_active) {
    if (*p_sel == 'e' && inclusive && ltoreq(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
      inc_cursor();
    }
    if (VIsual_mode == 'V') {
      VIsual_mode = 'v';
      redraw_cmdline = true;                    // show mode later
    }
  } else {
    oap->inclusive = inclusive;
  }

  return OK;
}

/*
 * Find sentence(s) under the cursor, cursor at end.
 * When Visual active, extend it by one or more sentences.
 */
int current_sent(oparg_T *oap, long count, int include)
{
  pos_T start_pos;
  pos_T pos;
  bool start_blank;
  int c;
  bool at_start_sent;
  long ncount;

  start_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  pos = start_pos;
  findsent(FORWARD, 1L);        // Find start of next sentence.

  /*
   * When the Visual area is bigger than one character: Extend it.
   */
  if (VIsual_active && !equalpos(start_pos, VIsual)) {
extend:
    if (lt(start_pos, VIsual)) {
      /*
       * Cursor at start of Visual area.
       * Find out where we are:
       * - in the white space before a sentence
       * - in a sentence or just after it
       * - at the start of a sentence
       */
      at_start_sent = true;
      decl(&pos);
      while (lt(pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {
        c = gchar_pos(&pos);
        if (!ascii_iswhite(c)) {
          at_start_sent = false;
          break;
        }
        incl(&pos);
      }
      if (!at_start_sent) {
        findsent(BACKWARD, 1L);
        if (equalpos(curwin->w_cursor, start_pos)) {
          at_start_sent = true;            // exactly at start of sentence
        } else {
          // inside a sentence, go to its end (start of next)
          findsent(FORWARD, 1L);
        }
      }
      if (include) {            // "as" gets twice as much as "is"
        count *= 2;
      }
      while (count--) {
        if (at_start_sent) {
          find_first_blank(&curwin->w_cursor);
        }
        c = gchar_cursor();
        if (!at_start_sent || (!include && !ascii_iswhite(c))) {
          findsent(BACKWARD, 1L);
        }
        at_start_sent = !at_start_sent;
      }
    } else {
      /*
       * Cursor at end of Visual area.
       * Find out where we are:
       * - just before a sentence
       * - just before or in the white space before a sentence
       * - in a sentence
       */
      incl(&pos);
      at_start_sent = true;
      if (!equalpos(pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {     // not just before a sentence
        at_start_sent = false;
        while (lt(pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {
          c = gchar_pos(&pos);
          if (!ascii_iswhite(c)) {
            at_start_sent = true;
            break;
          }
          incl(&pos);
        }
        if (at_start_sent) {            // in the sentence
          findsent(BACKWARD, 1L);
        } else {  // in/before white before a sentence
          curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
        }
      }

      if (include) {            // "as" gets twice as much as "is"
        count *= 2;
      }
      findsent_forward(count, at_start_sent);
      if (*p_sel == 'e') {
        ++curwin->w_cursor.col;
      }
    }
    return OK;
  }

  /*
   * If the cursor started on a blank, check if it is just before the start
   * of the next sentence.
   */
  while (c = gchar_pos(&pos), ascii_iswhite(c)) {
    incl(&pos);
  }
  if (equalpos(pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    start_blank = true;
    find_first_blank(&start_pos);       // go back to first blank
  } else {
    start_blank = false;
    findsent(BACKWARD, 1L);
    start_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  }
  if (include) {
    ncount = count * 2;
  } else {
    ncount = count;
    if (start_blank) {
      --ncount;
    }
  }
  if (ncount > 0) {
    findsent_forward(ncount, true);
  } else {
    decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
  }

  if (include) {
    /*
     * If the blank in front of the sentence is included, exclude the
     * blanks at the end of the sentence, go back to the first blank.
     * If there are no trailing blanks, try to include leading blanks.
     */
    if (start_blank) {
      find_first_blank(&curwin->w_cursor);
      c = gchar_pos(&curwin->w_cursor);
      if (ascii_iswhite(c)) {
        decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
      }
    } else if (c = gchar_cursor(), !ascii_iswhite(c)) {
      find_first_blank(&start_pos);
    }
  }

  if (VIsual_active) {
    // Avoid getting stuck with "is" on a single space before a sentence.
    if (equalpos(start_pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {
      goto extend;
    }
    if (*p_sel == 'e') {
      ++curwin->w_cursor.col;
    }
    VIsual = start_pos;
    VIsual_mode = 'v';
    redraw_cmdline = true;    // show mode later
    redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);      // update the inversion
  } else {
    // include a newline after the sentence, if there is one
    if (incl(&curwin->w_cursor) == -1) {
      oap->inclusive = true;
    } else {
      oap->inclusive = false;
    }
    oap->start = start_pos;
    oap->motion_type = kMTCharWise;
  }
  return OK;
}

/// Find block under the cursor, cursor at end.
/// "what" and "other" are two matching parenthesis/brace/etc.
///
/// @param include  TRUE == include white space
/// @param what     '(', '{', etc.
/// @param other    ')', '}', etc.
int current_block(oparg_T *oap, long count, int include, int what, int other)
{
  pos_T old_pos;
  pos_T *pos = NULL;
  pos_T start_pos;
  pos_T *end_pos;
  pos_T old_start, old_end;
  char *save_cpo;
  bool sol = false;                      // '{' at start of line

  old_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  old_end = curwin->w_cursor;           // remember where we started
  old_start = old_end;

  /*
   * If we start on '(', '{', ')', '}', etc., use the whole block inclusive.
   */
  if (!VIsual_active || equalpos(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    setpcmark();
    if (what == '{') {                  // ignore indent
      while (inindent(1)) {
        if (inc_cursor() != 0) {
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    if (gchar_cursor() == what) {
      // cursor on '(' or '{', move cursor just after it
      ++curwin->w_cursor.col;
    }
  } else if (lt(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    old_start = VIsual;
    curwin->w_cursor = VIsual;              // cursor at low end of Visual
  } else {
    old_end = VIsual;
  }

  // Search backwards for unclosed '(', '{', etc..
  // Put this position in start_pos.
  // Ignore quotes here.  Keep the "M" flag in 'cpo', as that is what the
  // user wants.
  save_cpo = p_cpo;
  p_cpo = vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_MATCHBSL) != NULL ? "%M" : "%";
  if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, what)) != NULL) {
    while (count-- > 0) {
      if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, what)) == NULL) {
        break;
      }
      curwin->w_cursor = *pos;
      start_pos = *pos;   // the findmatch for end_pos will overwrite *pos
    }
  } else {
    while (count-- > 0) {
      if ((pos = findmatchlimit(NULL, what, FM_FORWARD, 0)) == NULL) {
        break;
      }
      curwin->w_cursor = *pos;
      start_pos = *pos;   // the findmatch for end_pos will overwrite *pos
    }
  }
  p_cpo = save_cpo;

  /*
   * Search for matching ')', '}', etc.
   * Put this position in curwin->w_cursor.
   */
  if (pos == NULL || (end_pos = findmatch(NULL, other)) == NULL) {
    curwin->w_cursor = old_pos;
    return FAIL;
  }
  curwin->w_cursor = *end_pos;

  // Try to exclude the '(', '{', ')', '}', etc. when "include" is FALSE.
  // If the ending '}', ')' or ']' is only preceded by indent, skip that
  // indent. But only if the resulting area is not smaller than what we
  // started with.
  while (!include) {
    incl(&start_pos);
    sol = (curwin->w_cursor.col == 0);
    decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
    while (inindent(1)) {
      sol = true;
      if (decl(&curwin->w_cursor) != 0) {
        break;
      }
    }

    // In Visual mode, when the resulting area is not bigger than what we
    // started with, extend it to the next block, and then exclude again.
    // Don't try to expand the area if the area is empty.
    if (!lt(start_pos, old_start) && !lt(old_end, curwin->w_cursor)
        && !equalpos(start_pos, curwin->w_cursor)
        && VIsual_active) {
      curwin->w_cursor = old_start;
      decl(&curwin->w_cursor);
      if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, what)) == NULL) {
        curwin->w_cursor = old_pos;
        return FAIL;
      }
      start_pos = *pos;
      curwin->w_cursor = *pos;
      if ((end_pos = findmatch(NULL, other)) == NULL) {
        curwin->w_cursor = old_pos;
        return FAIL;
      }
      curwin->w_cursor = *end_pos;
    } else {
      break;
    }
  }

  if (VIsual_active) {
    if (*p_sel == 'e') {
      inc(&curwin->w_cursor);
    }
    if (sol && gchar_cursor() != NUL) {
      inc(&curwin->w_cursor);  // include the line break
    }
    VIsual = start_pos;
    VIsual_mode = 'v';
    redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);      // update the inversion
    showmode();
  } else {
    oap->start = start_pos;
    oap->motion_type = kMTCharWise;
    oap->inclusive = false;
    if (sol) {
      incl(&curwin->w_cursor);
    } else if (ltoreq(start_pos, curwin->w_cursor)) {
      // Include the character under the cursor.
      oap->inclusive = true;
    } else {
      // End is before the start (no text in between <>, [], etc.): don't
      // operate on any text.
      curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
    }
  }

  return OK;
}

/// @param end_tag  when true, return true if the cursor is on "</aaa>".
///
/// @return         true if the cursor is on a "<aaa>" tag.  Ignore "<aaa/>".
static bool in_html_tag(bool end_tag)
{
  char_u *line = get_cursor_line_ptr();
  char_u *p;
  int c;
  int lc = NUL;
  pos_T pos;

  for (p = line + curwin->w_cursor.col; p > line;) {
    if (*p == '<') {           // find '<' under/before cursor
      break;
    }
    MB_PTR_BACK(line, p);
    if (*p == '>') {           // find '>' before cursor
      break;
    }
  }
  if (*p != '<') {
    return false;
  }

  pos.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
  pos.col = (colnr_T)(p - line);

  MB_PTR_ADV(p);
  if (end_tag) {
    // check that there is a '/' after the '<'
    return *p == '/';
  }

  // check that there is no '/' after the '<'
  if (*p == '/') {
    return false;
  }

  // check that the matching '>' is not preceded by '/'
  for (;;) {
    if (inc(&pos) < 0) {
      return false;
    }
    c = *ml_get_pos(&pos);
    if (c == '>') {
      break;
    }
    lc = c;
  }
  return lc != '/';
}

/// Find tag block under the cursor, cursor at end.
///
/// @param include  true == include white space
int current_tagblock(oparg_T *oap, long count_arg, bool include)
{
  long count = count_arg;
  pos_T old_pos;
  pos_T start_pos;
  pos_T end_pos;
  pos_T old_start, old_end;
  char_u *p;
  char_u *cp;
  int len;
  bool do_include = include;
  bool save_p_ws = p_ws;
  int retval = FAIL;
  int is_inclusive = true;

  p_ws = false;

  old_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  old_end = curwin->w_cursor;               // remember where we started
  old_start = old_end;
  if (!VIsual_active || *p_sel == 'e') {
    decl(&old_end);                         // old_end is inclusive
  }
  /*
   * If we start on "<aaa>" select that block.
   */
  if (!VIsual_active || equalpos(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    setpcmark();

    // ignore indent
    while (inindent(1)) {
      if (inc_cursor() != 0) {
        break;
      }
    }

    if (in_html_tag(false)) {
      // cursor on start tag, move to its '>'
      while (*get_cursor_pos_ptr() != '>') {
        if (inc_cursor() < 0) {
          break;
        }
      }
    } else if (in_html_tag(true)) {
      // cursor on end tag, move to just before it
      while (*get_cursor_pos_ptr() != '<') {
        if (dec_cursor() < 0) {
          break;
        }
      }
      dec_cursor();
      old_end = curwin->w_cursor;
    }
  } else if (lt(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    old_start = VIsual;
    curwin->w_cursor = VIsual;              // cursor at low end of Visual
  } else {
    old_end = VIsual;
  }

again:
  /*
   * Search backwards for unclosed "<aaa>".
   * Put this position in start_pos.
   */
  for (long n = 0; n < count; n++) {
    if (do_searchpair("<[^ \t>/!]\\+\\%(\\_s\\_[^>]\\{-}[^/]>\\|$\\|\\_s\\=>\\)",
                      "",
                      "</[^>]*>", BACKWARD, NULL, 0,
                      NULL, (linenr_T)0, 0L) <= 0) {
      curwin->w_cursor = old_pos;
      goto theend;
    }
  }
  start_pos = curwin->w_cursor;

  /*
   * Search for matching "</aaa>".  First isolate the "aaa".
   */
  inc_cursor();
  p = get_cursor_pos_ptr();
  for (cp = p;
       *cp != NUL && *cp != '>' && !ascii_iswhite(*cp);
       MB_PTR_ADV(cp)) {}
  len = (int)(cp - p);
  if (len == 0) {
    curwin->w_cursor = old_pos;
    goto theend;
  }
  const size_t spat_len = len + 39;
  char *const spat = xmalloc(spat_len);
  const size_t epat_len = len + 9;
  char *const epat = xmalloc(epat_len);
  snprintf(spat, spat_len,
           "<%.*s\\>\\%%(\\_s\\_[^>]\\{-}\\_[^/]>\\|\\_s\\?>\\)\\c", len, p);
  snprintf(epat, epat_len, "</%.*s>\\c", len, p);

  const int r = do_searchpair(spat, "", epat, FORWARD, NULL,
                              0, NULL, (linenr_T)0, 0L);

  xfree(spat);
  xfree(epat);

  if (r < 1 || lt(curwin->w_cursor, old_end)) {
    // Can't find other end or it's before the previous end.  Could be a
    // HTML tag that doesn't have a matching end.  Search backwards for
    // another starting tag.
    count = 1;
    curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
    goto again;
  }

  if (do_include) {
    // Include up to the '>'.
    while (*get_cursor_pos_ptr() != '>') {
      if (inc_cursor() < 0) {
        break;
      }
    }
  } else {
    char_u *c = get_cursor_pos_ptr();
    // Exclude the '<' of the end tag.
    // If the closing tag is on new line, do not decrement cursor, but make
    // operation exclusive, so that the linefeed will be selected
    if (*c == '<' && !VIsual_active && curwin->w_cursor.col == 0) {
      // do not decrement cursor
      is_inclusive = false;
    } else if (*c == '<') {
      dec_cursor();
    }
  }
  end_pos = curwin->w_cursor;

  if (!do_include) {
    // Exclude the start tag.
    curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
    while (inc_cursor() >= 0) {
      if (*get_cursor_pos_ptr() == '>') {
        inc_cursor();
        start_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
        break;
      }
    }
    curwin->w_cursor = end_pos;

    // If we are in Visual mode and now have the same text as before set
    // "do_include" and try again.
    if (VIsual_active
        && equalpos(start_pos, old_start)
        && equalpos(end_pos, old_end)) {
      do_include = true;
      curwin->w_cursor = old_start;
      count = count_arg;
      goto again;
    }
  }

  if (VIsual_active) {
    // If the end is before the start there is no text between tags, select
    // the char under the cursor.
    if (lt(end_pos, start_pos)) {
      curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
    } else if (*p_sel == 'e') {
      inc_cursor();
    }
    VIsual = start_pos;
    VIsual_mode = 'v';
    redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);      // update the inversion
    showmode();
  } else {
    oap->start = start_pos;
    oap->motion_type = kMTCharWise;
    if (lt(end_pos, start_pos)) {
      // End is before the start: there is no text between tags; operate
      // on an empty area.
      curwin->w_cursor = start_pos;
      oap->inclusive = false;
    } else {
      oap->inclusive = is_inclusive;
    }
  }
  retval = OK;

theend:
  p_ws = save_p_ws;
  return retval;
}

/// @param include  TRUE == include white space
/// @param type     'p' for paragraph, 'S' for section
int current_par(oparg_T *oap, long count, int include, int type)
{
  linenr_T start_lnum;
  linenr_T end_lnum;
  int white_in_front;
  int dir;
  int start_is_white;
  int prev_start_is_white;
  int retval = OK;
  int do_white = FALSE;
  int t;
  int i;

  if (type == 'S') {        // not implemented yet
    return FAIL;
  }

  start_lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;

  /*
   * When visual area is more than one line: extend it.
   */
  if (VIsual_active && start_lnum != VIsual.lnum) {
extend:
    if (start_lnum < VIsual.lnum) {
      dir = BACKWARD;
    } else {
      dir = FORWARD;
    }
    for (i = count; --i >= 0;) {
      if (start_lnum ==
          (dir == BACKWARD ? 1 : curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)) {
        retval = FAIL;
        break;
      }

      prev_start_is_white = -1;
      for (t = 0; t < 2; ++t) {
        start_lnum += dir;
        start_is_white = linewhite(start_lnum);
        if (prev_start_is_white == start_is_white) {
          start_lnum -= dir;
          break;
        }
        for (;;) {
          if (start_lnum == (dir == BACKWARD
                             ? 1 : curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)) {
            break;
          }
          if (start_is_white != linewhite(start_lnum + dir)
              || (!start_is_white
                  && startPS(start_lnum + (dir > 0
                                           ? 1 : 0), 0, 0))) {
            break;
          }
          start_lnum += dir;
        }
        if (!include) {
          break;
        }
        if (start_lnum == (dir == BACKWARD
                           ? 1 : curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)) {
          break;
        }
        prev_start_is_white = start_is_white;
      }
    }
    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = start_lnum;
    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
    return retval;
  }

  /*
   * First move back to the start_lnum of the paragraph or white lines
   */
  white_in_front = linewhite(start_lnum);
  while (start_lnum > 1) {
    if (white_in_front) {           // stop at first white line
      if (!linewhite(start_lnum - 1)) {
        break;
      }
    } else {          // stop at first non-white line of start of paragraph
      if (linewhite(start_lnum - 1) || startPS(start_lnum, 0, 0)) {
        break;
      }
    }
    --start_lnum;
  }

  /*
   * Move past the end of any white lines.
   */
  end_lnum = start_lnum;
  while (end_lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count && linewhite(end_lnum)) {
    ++end_lnum;
  }

  --end_lnum;
  i = count;
  if (!include && white_in_front) {
    --i;
  }
  while (i--) {
    if (end_lnum == curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
      return FAIL;
    }

    if (!include) {
      do_white = linewhite(end_lnum + 1);
    }

    if (include || !do_white) {
      ++end_lnum;
      /*
       * skip to end of paragraph
       */
      while (end_lnum < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
             && !linewhite(end_lnum + 1)
             && !startPS(end_lnum + 1, 0, 0)) {
        ++end_lnum;
      }
    }

    if (i == 0 && white_in_front && include) {
      break;
    }

    /*
     * skip to end of white lines after paragraph
     */
    if (include || do_white) {
      while (end_lnum < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
             && linewhite(end_lnum + 1)) {
        ++end_lnum;
      }
    }
  }

  /*
   * If there are no empty lines at the end, try to find some empty lines at
   * the start (unless that has been done already).
   */
  if (!white_in_front && !linewhite(end_lnum) && include) {
    while (start_lnum > 1 && linewhite(start_lnum - 1)) {
      --start_lnum;
    }
  }

  if (VIsual_active) {
    // Problem: when doing "Vipipip" nothing happens in a single white
    // line, we get stuck there.  Trap this here.
    if (VIsual_mode == 'V' && start_lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum) {
      goto extend;
    }
    if (VIsual.lnum != start_lnum) {
      VIsual.lnum = start_lnum;
      VIsual.col = 0;
    }
    VIsual_mode = 'V';
    redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);      // update the inversion
    showmode();
  } else {
    oap->start.lnum = start_lnum;
    oap->start.col = 0;
    oap->motion_type = kMTLineWise;
  }
  curwin->w_cursor.lnum = end_lnum;
  curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

  return OK;
}

/// Search quote char from string line[col].
/// Quote character escaped by one of the characters in "escape" is not counted
/// as a quote.
///
/// @param escape  escape characters, can be NULL
///
/// @return        column number of "quotechar" or -1 when not found.
static int find_next_quote(char_u *line, int col, int quotechar, char_u *escape)
{
  int c;

  for (;;) {
    c = line[col];
    if (c == NUL) {
      return -1;
    } else if (escape != NULL && vim_strchr((char *)escape, c)) {
      col++;
      if (line[col] == NUL) {
        return -1;
      }
    } else if (c == quotechar) {
      break;
    }
    col += utfc_ptr2len((char *)line + col);
  }
  return col;
}

/// Search backwards in "line" from column "col_start" to find "quotechar".
/// Quote character escaped by one of the characters in "escape" is not counted
/// as a quote.
///
/// @param escape  escape characters, can be NULL
///
/// @return        the found column or zero.
static int find_prev_quote(char_u *line, int col_start, int quotechar, char_u *escape)
{
  int n;

  while (col_start > 0) {
    col_start--;
    col_start -= utf_head_off(line, line + col_start);
    n = 0;
    if (escape != NULL) {
      while (col_start - n > 0 && vim_strchr((char *)escape,
                                             line[col_start - n - 1]) != NULL) {
        ++n;
      }
    }
    if (n & 1) {
      col_start -= n;           // uneven number of escape chars, skip it
    } else if (line[col_start] ==
               quotechar) {
      break;
    }
  }
  return col_start;
}

/// Find quote under the cursor, cursor at end.
///
/// @param include    true == include quote char
/// @param quotechar  Quote character
///
/// @return           true if found, else false.
bool current_quote(oparg_T *oap, long count, bool include, int quotechar)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
{
  char_u *line = get_cursor_line_ptr();
  int col_end;
  int col_start = curwin->w_cursor.col;
  bool inclusive = false;
  bool vis_empty = true;                // Visual selection <= 1 char
  bool vis_bef_curs = false;            // Visual starts before cursor
  bool did_exclusive_adj = false;       // adjusted pos for 'selection'
  bool inside_quotes = false;           // Looks like "i'" done before
  bool selected_quote = false;          // Has quote inside selection
  int i;
  bool restore_vis_bef = false;         // resotre VIsual on abort

  // When 'selection' is "exclusive" move the cursor to where it would be
  // with 'selection' "inclusive", so that the logic is the same for both.
  // The cursor then is moved forward after adjusting the area.
  if (VIsual_active) {
    // this only works within one line
    if (VIsual.lnum != curwin->w_cursor.lnum) {
      return false;
    }

    vis_bef_curs = lt(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor);
    vis_empty = equalpos(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor);
    if (*p_sel == 'e') {
      if (vis_bef_curs) {
        dec_cursor();
        did_exclusive_adj = true;
      } else if (!vis_empty) {
        dec(&VIsual);
        did_exclusive_adj = true;
      }
      vis_empty = equalpos(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor);
      if (!vis_bef_curs && !vis_empty) {
        // VIsual needs to be start of Visual selection.
        pos_T t = curwin->w_cursor;

        curwin->w_cursor = VIsual;
        VIsual = t;
        vis_bef_curs = true;
        restore_vis_bef = true;
      }
    }
  }

  if (!vis_empty) {
    // Check if the existing selection exactly spans the text inside
    // quotes.
    if (vis_bef_curs) {
      inside_quotes = VIsual.col > 0
                      && line[VIsual.col - 1] == quotechar
                      && line[curwin->w_cursor.col] != NUL
                      && line[curwin->w_cursor.col + 1] == quotechar;
      i = VIsual.col;
      col_end = curwin->w_cursor.col;
    } else {
      inside_quotes = curwin->w_cursor.col > 0
                      && line[curwin->w_cursor.col - 1] == quotechar
                      && line[VIsual.col] != NUL
                      && line[VIsual.col + 1] == quotechar;
      i = curwin->w_cursor.col;
      col_end = VIsual.col;
    }

    // Find out if we have a quote in the selection.
    while (i <= col_end) {
      // check for going over the end of the line, which can happen if
      // the line was changed after the Visual area was selected.
      if (line[i] == NUL) {
        break;
      }
      if (line[i++] == quotechar) {
        selected_quote = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  if (!vis_empty && line[col_start] == quotechar) {
    // Already selecting something and on a quote character.  Find the
    // next quoted string.
    if (vis_bef_curs) {
      // Assume we are on a closing quote: move to after the next
      // opening quote.
      col_start = find_next_quote(line, col_start + 1, quotechar, NULL);
      if (col_start < 0) {
        goto abort_search;
      }
      col_end = find_next_quote(line, col_start + 1, quotechar,
                                curbuf->b_p_qe);
      if (col_end < 0) {
        // We were on a starting quote perhaps?
        col_end = col_start;
        col_start = curwin->w_cursor.col;
      }
    } else {
      col_end = find_prev_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, NULL);
      if (line[col_end] != quotechar) {
        goto abort_search;
      }
      col_start = find_prev_quote(line, col_end, quotechar,
                                  curbuf->b_p_qe);
      if (line[col_start] != quotechar) {
        // We were on an ending quote perhaps?
        col_start = col_end;
        col_end = curwin->w_cursor.col;
      }
    }
  } else if (line[col_start] == quotechar
             || !vis_empty) {
    int first_col = col_start;

    if (!vis_empty) {
      if (vis_bef_curs) {
        first_col = find_next_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, NULL);
      } else {
        first_col = find_prev_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, NULL);
      }
    }
    // The cursor is on a quote, we don't know if it's the opening or
    // closing quote.  Search from the start of the line to find out.
    // Also do this when there is a Visual area, a' may leave the cursor
    // in between two strings.
    col_start = 0;
    for (;;) {
      // Find open quote character.
      col_start = find_next_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, NULL);
      if (col_start < 0 || col_start > first_col) {
        goto abort_search;
      }
      // Find close quote character.
      col_end = find_next_quote(line, col_start + 1, quotechar,
                                curbuf->b_p_qe);
      if (col_end < 0) {
        goto abort_search;
      }
      // If is cursor between start and end quote character, it is
      // target text object.
      if (col_start <= first_col && first_col <= col_end) {
        break;
      }
      col_start = col_end + 1;
    }
  } else {
    // Search backward for a starting quote.
    col_start = find_prev_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, curbuf->b_p_qe);
    if (line[col_start] != quotechar) {
      // No quote before the cursor, look after the cursor.
      col_start = find_next_quote(line, col_start, quotechar, NULL);
      if (col_start < 0) {
        goto abort_search;
      }
    }

    // Find close quote character.
    col_end = find_next_quote(line, col_start + 1, quotechar,
                              curbuf->b_p_qe);
    if (col_end < 0) {
      goto abort_search;
    }
  }

  // When "include" is true, include spaces after closing quote or before
  // the starting quote.
  if (include) {
    if (ascii_iswhite(line[col_end + 1])) {
      while (ascii_iswhite(line[col_end + 1])) {
        ++col_end;
      }
    } else {
      while (col_start > 0 && ascii_iswhite(line[col_start - 1])) {
        --col_start;
      }
    }
  }

  // Set start position.  After vi" another i" must include the ".
  // For v2i" include the quotes.
  if (!include && count < 2
      && (vis_empty || !inside_quotes)) {
    ++col_start;
  }
  curwin->w_cursor.col = col_start;
  if (VIsual_active) {
    // Set the start of the Visual area when the Visual area was empty, we
    // were just inside quotes or the Visual area didn't start at a quote
    // and didn't include a quote.
    if (vis_empty
        || (vis_bef_curs
            && !selected_quote
            && (inside_quotes
                || (line[VIsual.col] != quotechar
                    && (VIsual.col == 0
                        || line[VIsual.col - 1] != quotechar))))) {
      VIsual = curwin->w_cursor;
      redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);
    }
  } else {
    oap->start = curwin->w_cursor;
    oap->motion_type = kMTCharWise;
  }

  // Set end position.
  curwin->w_cursor.col = col_end;
  if ((include || count > 1
       // After vi" another i" must include the ".
       || (!vis_empty && inside_quotes)
       ) && inc_cursor() == 2) {
    inclusive = true;
  }
  if (VIsual_active) {
    if (vis_empty || vis_bef_curs) {
      // decrement cursor when 'selection' is not exclusive
      if (*p_sel != 'e') {
        dec_cursor();
      }
    } else {
      // Cursor is at start of Visual area.  Set the end of the Visual
      // area when it was just inside quotes or it didn't end at a
      // quote.
      if (inside_quotes
          || (!selected_quote
              && line[VIsual.col] != quotechar
              && (line[VIsual.col] == NUL
                  || line[VIsual.col + 1] != quotechar))) {
        dec_cursor();
        VIsual = curwin->w_cursor;
      }
      curwin->w_cursor.col = col_start;
    }
    if (VIsual_mode == 'V') {
      VIsual_mode = 'v';
      redraw_cmdline = true;                    // show mode later
    }
  } else {
    // Set inclusive and other oap's flags.
    oap->inclusive = inclusive;
  }

  return true;

abort_search:
  if (VIsual_active && *p_sel == 'e') {
    if (did_exclusive_adj) {
      inc_cursor();
    }
    if (restore_vis_bef) {
      pos_T t = curwin->w_cursor;

      curwin->w_cursor = VIsual;
      VIsual = t;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

/// Find next search match under cursor, cursor at end.
/// Used while an operator is pending, and in Visual mode.
///
/// @param forward  true for forward, false for backward
int current_search(long count, bool forward)
{
  bool old_p_ws = p_ws;
  pos_T save_VIsual = VIsual;

  // Correct cursor when 'selection' is exclusive
  if (VIsual_active && *p_sel == 'e' && lt(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
    dec_cursor();
  }

  pos_T end_pos;                // end position of the pattern match
  pos_T orig_pos;               // position of the cursor at beginning
  pos_T pos;                    // position after the pattern
  int result;                   // result of various function calls

  // When searching forward and the cursor is at the start of the Visual
  // area, skip the first search backward, otherwise it doesn't move.
  const bool skip_first_backward = forward && VIsual_active
                                   && lt(curwin->w_cursor, VIsual);

  orig_pos = pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  if (VIsual_active) {
    // Searching further will extend the match.
    if (forward) {
      incl(&pos);
    } else {
      decl(&pos);
    }
  }

  // Is the pattern is zero-width?, this time, don't care about the direction
  int zero_width = is_zero_width(spats[last_idx].pat, true, &curwin->w_cursor,
                                 FORWARD);
  if (zero_width == -1) {
    return FAIL;  // pattern not found
  }

  // The trick is to first search backwards and then search forward again,
  // so that a match at the current cursor position will be correctly
  // captured.  When "forward" is false do it the other way around.
  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    int dir;
    if (forward) {
      if (i == 0 && skip_first_backward) {
        continue;
      }
      dir = i;
    } else {
      dir = !i;
    }

    int flags = 0;

    if (!dir && !zero_width) {
      flags = SEARCH_END;
    }
    end_pos = pos;

    // wrapping should not occur in the first round
    if (i == 0) {
      p_ws = false;
    }

    result = searchit(curwin, curbuf, &pos, &end_pos,
                      (dir ? FORWARD : BACKWARD),
                      spats[last_idx].pat, i ? count : 1,
                      SEARCH_KEEP | flags, RE_SEARCH, NULL);

    p_ws = old_p_ws;

    // First search may fail, but then start searching from the
    // beginning of the file (cursor might be on the search match)
    // except when Visual mode is active, so that extending the visual
    // selection works.
    if (i == 1 && !result) {  // not found, abort */
      curwin->w_cursor = orig_pos;
      if (VIsual_active) {
        VIsual = save_VIsual;
      }
      return FAIL;
    } else if (i == 0 && !result) {
      if (forward) {  // try again from start of buffer
        clearpos(&pos);
      } else {  // try again from end of buffer
                // searching backwards, so set pos to last line and col
        pos.lnum = curwin->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count;
        pos.col  = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get(curwin->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count));
      }
    }
  }

  pos_T start_pos = pos;

  if (!VIsual_active) {
    VIsual = start_pos;
  }

  // put the cursor after the match
  curwin->w_cursor = end_pos;
  if (lt(VIsual, end_pos) && forward) {
    if (skip_first_backward) {
      // put the cursor on the start of the match
      curwin->w_cursor = pos;
    } else {
      // put the cursor on last character of match
      dec_cursor();
    }
  } else if (VIsual_active && lt(curwin->w_cursor, VIsual) && forward) {
    curwin->w_cursor = pos;   // put the cursor on the start of the match
  }
  VIsual_active = true;
  VIsual_mode = 'v';

  if (*p_sel == 'e') {
    // Correction for exclusive selection depends on the direction.
    if (forward && ltoreq(VIsual, curwin->w_cursor)) {
      inc_cursor();
    } else if (!forward && ltoreq(curwin->w_cursor, VIsual)) {
      inc(&VIsual);
    }
  }

  if (fdo_flags & FDO_SEARCH && KeyTyped) {
    foldOpenCursor();
  }

  may_start_select('c');
  setmouse();
  redraw_curbuf_later(INVERTED);
  showmode();

  return OK;
}

/// Check if the pattern is zero-width.
/// If move is true, check from the beginning of the buffer,
/// else from position "cur".
/// "direction" is FORWARD or BACKWARD.
/// Returns TRUE, FALSE or -1 for failure.
static int is_zero_width(char_u *pattern, int move, pos_T *cur, Direction direction)
{
  regmmatch_T regmatch;
  int nmatched = 0;
  int result = -1;
  pos_T pos;
  int save_called_emsg = called_emsg;
  int flag = 0;

  if (pattern == NULL) {
    pattern = spats[last_idx].pat;
  }

  if (search_regcomp(pattern, RE_SEARCH, RE_SEARCH,
                     SEARCH_KEEP, &regmatch) == FAIL) {
    return -1;
  }

  // init startcol correctly
  regmatch.startpos[0].col = -1;
  // move to match
  if (move) {
    clearpos(&pos);
  } else {
    pos = *cur;
    // accept a match at the cursor position
    flag = SEARCH_START;
  }
  if (searchit(curwin, curbuf, &pos, NULL, direction, pattern, 1,
               SEARCH_KEEP + flag, RE_SEARCH, NULL) != FAIL) {
    // Zero-width pattern should match somewhere, then we can check if
    // start and end are in the same position.
    called_emsg = false;
    do {
      regmatch.startpos[0].col++;
      nmatched = vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf,
                                   pos.lnum, regmatch.startpos[0].col,
                                   NULL, NULL);
      if (nmatched != 0) {
        break;
      }
    } while (regmatch.regprog != NULL
             && direction == FORWARD
             ? regmatch.startpos[0].col < pos.col
             : regmatch.startpos[0].col > pos.col);

    if (!called_emsg) {
      result = (nmatched != 0
                && regmatch.startpos[0].lnum == regmatch.endpos[0].lnum
                && regmatch.startpos[0].col == regmatch.endpos[0].col);
    }
  }

  called_emsg |= save_called_emsg;
  vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
  return result;
}

/*
 * return TRUE if line 'lnum' is empty or has white chars only.
 */
int linewhite(linenr_T lnum)
{
  char_u *p;

  p = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)ml_get(lnum));
  return *p == NUL;
}

// Add the search count "[3/19]" to "msgbuf".
// See update_search_stat() for other arguments.
static void cmdline_search_stat(int dirc, pos_T *pos, pos_T *cursor_pos, bool show_top_bot_msg,
                                char_u *msgbuf, bool recompute, int maxcount, long timeout)
{
  searchstat_T stat;

  update_search_stat(dirc, pos, cursor_pos, &stat, recompute, maxcount,
                     timeout);
  if (stat.cur > 0) {
    char t[SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN];

    if (curwin->w_p_rl && *curwin->w_p_rlc == 's') {
      if (stat.incomplete == 1) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[?/??]");
      } else if (stat.cnt > maxcount && stat.cur > maxcount) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[>%d/>%d]",
                     maxcount, maxcount);
      } else if (stat.cnt > maxcount) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[>%d/%d]",
                     maxcount, stat.cur);
      } else {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[%d/%d]",
                     stat.cnt, stat.cur);
      }
    } else {
      if (stat.incomplete == 1) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[?/??]");
      } else if (stat.cnt > maxcount && stat.cur > maxcount) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[>%d/>%d]",
                     maxcount, maxcount);
      } else if (stat.cnt > maxcount) {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[%d/>%d]",
                     stat.cur, maxcount);
      } else {
        vim_snprintf(t, SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN, "[%d/%d]",
                     stat.cur, stat.cnt);
      }
    }

    size_t len = strlen(t);
    if (show_top_bot_msg && len + 2 < SEARCH_STAT_BUF_LEN) {
      memmove(t + 2, t, len);
      t[0] = 'W';
      t[1] = ' ';
      len += 2;
    }

    memmove(msgbuf + STRLEN(msgbuf) - len, t, len);
    if (dirc == '?' && stat.cur == maxcount + 1) {
      stat.cur = -1;
    }

    // keep the message even after redraw, but don't put in history
    msg_hist_off = true;
    msg_ext_set_kind("search_count");
    give_warning((char *)msgbuf, false);
    msg_hist_off = false;
  }
}

// Add the search count information to "stat".
// "stat" must not be NULL.
// When "recompute" is true always recompute the numbers.
// dirc == 0: don't find the next/previous match (only set the result to "stat")
// dirc == '/': find the next match
// dirc == '?': find the previous match
static void update_search_stat(int dirc, pos_T *pos, pos_T *cursor_pos, searchstat_T *stat,
                               bool recompute, int maxcount, long timeout)
{
  int save_ws = p_ws;
  bool wraparound = false;
  pos_T p = (*pos);
  static pos_T lastpos = { 0, 0, 0 };
  static int cur = 0;
  static int cnt = 0;
  static bool exact_match = false;
  static int incomplete = 0;
  static int last_maxcount = SEARCH_STAT_DEF_MAX_COUNT;
  static int chgtick = 0;
  static char_u *lastpat = NULL;
  static buf_T *lbuf = NULL;
  proftime_T start;

  memset(stat, 0, sizeof(searchstat_T));

  if (dirc == 0 && !recompute && !EMPTY_POS(lastpos)) {
    stat->cur = cur;
    stat->cnt = cnt;
    stat->exact_match = exact_match;
    stat->incomplete = incomplete;
    stat->last_maxcount = last_maxcount;
    return;
  }
  last_maxcount = maxcount;
  wraparound = ((dirc == '?' && lt(lastpos, p))
                || (dirc == '/' && lt(p, lastpos)));

  // If anything relevant changed the count has to be recomputed.
  // STRNICMP ignores case, but we should not ignore case.
  // Unfortunately, there is no STRNICMP function.
  // XXX: above comment should be "no MB_STRCMP function" ?
  if (!(chgtick == buf_get_changedtick(curbuf)
        && lastpat != NULL  // suppress clang/NULL passed as nonnull parameter
        && STRNICMP(lastpat, spats[last_idx].pat, STRLEN(lastpat)) == 0
        && STRLEN(lastpat) == STRLEN(spats[last_idx].pat)
        && equalpos(lastpos, *cursor_pos)
        && lbuf == curbuf)
      || wraparound || cur < 0 || (maxcount > 0 && cur > maxcount)
      || recompute) {
    cur = 0;
    cnt = 0;
    exact_match = false;
    incomplete = 0;
    clearpos(&lastpos);
    lbuf = curbuf;
  }

  if (equalpos(lastpos, *cursor_pos) && !wraparound
      && (dirc == 0 || dirc == '/' ? cur < cnt : cur > 0)) {
    cur += dirc == 0 ? 0 : dirc == '/' ? 1 : -1;
  } else {
    bool done_search = false;
    pos_T endpos = { 0, 0, 0 };
    p_ws = false;
    if (timeout > 0) {
      start  = profile_setlimit(timeout);
    }
    while (!got_int && searchit(curwin, curbuf, &lastpos, &endpos,
                                FORWARD, NULL, 1, SEARCH_KEEP, RE_LAST,
                                NULL) != FAIL) {
      done_search = true;
      // Stop after passing the time limit.
      if (timeout > 0 && profile_passed_limit(start)) {
        incomplete = 1;
        break;
      }
      cnt++;
      if (ltoreq(lastpos, p)) {
        cur = cnt;
        if (lt(p, endpos)) {
          exact_match = true;
        }
      }
      fast_breakcheck();
      if (maxcount > 0 && cnt > maxcount) {
        incomplete = 2;    // max count exceeded
        break;
      }
    }
    if (got_int) {
      cur = -1;  // abort
    }
    if (done_search) {
      xfree(lastpat);
      lastpat = vim_strsave(spats[last_idx].pat);
      chgtick = buf_get_changedtick(curbuf);
      lbuf = curbuf;
      lastpos = p;
    }
  }
  stat->cur = cur;
  stat->cnt = cnt;
  stat->exact_match = exact_match;
  stat->incomplete = incomplete;
  stat->last_maxcount = last_maxcount;
  p_ws = save_ws;
}

// "searchcount()" function
void f_searchcount(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, FunPtr fptr)
{
  pos_T pos = curwin->w_cursor;
  char_u *pattern = NULL;
  int maxcount = SEARCH_STAT_DEF_MAX_COUNT;
  long timeout = SEARCH_STAT_DEF_TIMEOUT;
  bool recompute = true;
  searchstat_T stat;

  tv_dict_alloc_ret(rettv);

  if (shortmess(SHM_SEARCHCOUNT)) {  // 'shortmess' contains 'S' flag
    recompute = true;
  }

  if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN) {
    dict_T *dict;
    dictitem_T *di;
    listitem_T *li;
    bool error = false;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_DICT || argvars[0].vval.v_dict == NULL) {
      emsg(_(e_dictreq));
      return;
    }
    dict = argvars[0].vval.v_dict;
    di = tv_dict_find(dict, (const char *)"timeout", -1);
    if (di != NULL) {
      timeout = (long)tv_get_number_chk(&di->di_tv, &error);
      if (error) {
        return;
      }
    }
    di = tv_dict_find(dict, (const char *)"maxcount", -1);
    if (di != NULL) {
      maxcount = (int)tv_get_number_chk(&di->di_tv, &error);
      if (error) {
        return;
      }
    }
    di = tv_dict_find(dict, (const char *)"recompute", -1);
    if (di != NULL) {
      recompute = tv_get_number_chk(&di->di_tv, &error);
      if (error) {
        return;
      }
    }
    di = tv_dict_find(dict, (const char *)"pattern", -1);
    if (di != NULL) {
      pattern = (char_u *)tv_get_string_chk(&di->di_tv);
      if (pattern == NULL) {
        return;
      }
    }
    di = tv_dict_find(dict, (const char *)"pos", -1);
    if (di != NULL) {
      if (di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_LIST) {
        semsg(_(e_invarg2), "pos");
        return;
      }
      if (tv_list_len(di->di_tv.vval.v_list) != 3) {
        semsg(_(e_invarg2), "List format should be [lnum, col, off]");
        return;
      }
      li = tv_list_find(di->di_tv.vval.v_list, 0L);
      if (li != NULL) {
        pos.lnum = tv_get_number_chk(TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li), &error);
        if (error) {
          return;
        }
      }
      li = tv_list_find(di->di_tv.vval.v_list, 1L);
      if (li != NULL) {
        pos.col = tv_get_number_chk(TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li), &error) - 1;
        if (error) {
          return;
        }
      }
      li = tv_list_find(di->di_tv.vval.v_list, 2L);
      if (li != NULL) {
        pos.coladd = tv_get_number_chk(TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li), &error);
        if (error) {
          return;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  save_last_search_pattern();
  save_incsearch_state();
  if (pattern != NULL) {
    if (*pattern == NUL) {
      goto the_end;
    }
    xfree(spats[last_idx].pat);
    spats[last_idx].pat = vim_strsave(pattern);
  }
  if (spats[last_idx].pat == NULL || *spats[last_idx].pat == NUL) {
    goto the_end;  // the previous pattern was never defined
  }

  update_search_stat(0, &pos, &pos, &stat, recompute, maxcount, timeout);

  tv_dict_add_nr(rettv->vval.v_dict, S_LEN("current"), stat.cur);
  tv_dict_add_nr(rettv->vval.v_dict, S_LEN("total"), stat.cnt);
  tv_dict_add_nr(rettv->vval.v_dict, S_LEN("exact_match"), stat.exact_match);
  tv_dict_add_nr(rettv->vval.v_dict, S_LEN("incomplete"), stat.incomplete);
  tv_dict_add_nr(rettv->vval.v_dict, S_LEN("maxcount"), stat.last_maxcount);

the_end:
  restore_last_search_pattern();
  restore_incsearch_state();
}

/// Fuzzy string matching
///
/// Ported from the lib_fts library authored by Forrest Smith.
/// https://github.com/forrestthewoods/lib_fts/tree/master/code
///
/// The following blog describes the fuzzy matching algorithm:
/// https://www.forrestthewoods.com/blog/reverse_engineering_sublime_texts_fuzzy_match/
///
/// Each matching string is assigned a score. The following factors are checked:
///   - Matched letter
///   - Unmatched letter
///   - Consecutively matched letters
///   - Proximity to start
///   - Letter following a separator (space, underscore)
///   - Uppercase letter following lowercase (aka CamelCase)
///
/// Matched letters are good. Unmatched letters are bad. Matching near the start
/// is good. Matching the first letter in the middle of a phrase is good.
/// Matching the uppercase letters in camel case entries is good.
///
/// The score assigned for each factor is explained below.
/// File paths are different from file names. File extensions may be ignorable.
/// Single words care about consecutive matches but not separators or camel
/// case.
///   Score starts at 100
///   Matched letter: +0 points
///   Unmatched letter: -1 point
///   Consecutive match bonus: +15 points
///   First letter bonus: +15 points
///   Separator bonus: +30 points
///   Camel case bonus: +30 points
///   Unmatched leading letter: -5 points (max: -15)
///
/// There is some nuance to this. Scores don’t have an intrinsic meaning. The
/// score range isn’t 0 to 100. It’s roughly [50, 150]. Longer words have a
/// lower minimum score due to unmatched letter penalty. Longer search patterns
/// have a higher maximum score due to match bonuses.
///
/// Separator and camel case bonus is worth a LOT. Consecutive matches are worth
/// quite a bit.
///
/// There is a penalty if you DON’T match the first three letters. Which
/// effectively rewards matching near the start. However there’s no difference
/// in matching between the middle and end.
///
/// There is not an explicit bonus for an exact match. Unmatched letters receive
/// a penalty. So shorter strings and closer matches are worth more.
typedef struct {
  int idx;  ///< used for stable sort
  listitem_T *item;
  int score;
  list_T *lmatchpos;
} fuzzyItem_T;

/// bonus for adjacent matches; this is higher than SEPARATOR_BONUS so that
/// matching a whole word is preferred.
#define SEQUENTIAL_BONUS 40
/// bonus if match occurs after a path separator
#define PATH_SEPARATOR_BONUS 30
/// bonus if match occurs after a word separator
#define WORD_SEPARATOR_BONUS 25
/// bonus if match is uppercase and prev is lower
#define CAMEL_BONUS 30
/// bonus if the first letter is matched
#define FIRST_LETTER_BONUS 15
/// penalty applied for every letter in str before the first match
#define LEADING_LETTER_PENALTY (-5)
/// maximum penalty for leading letters
#define MAX_LEADING_LETTER_PENALTY (-15)
/// penalty for every letter that doesn't match
#define UNMATCHED_LETTER_PENALTY (-1)
/// penalty for gap in matching positions (-2 * k)
#define GAP_PENALTY (-2)
/// Score for a string that doesn't fuzzy match the pattern
#define SCORE_NONE (-9999)

#define FUZZY_MATCH_RECURSION_LIMIT 10

/// Compute a score for a fuzzy matched string. The matching character locations
/// are in 'matches'.
static int fuzzy_match_compute_score(const char_u *const str, const int strSz,
                                     const uint32_t *const matches, const int numMatches)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT FUNC_ATTR_PURE
{
  assert(numMatches > 0);  // suppress clang "result of operation is garbage"
  // Initialize score
  int score = 100;

  // Apply leading letter penalty
  int penalty = LEADING_LETTER_PENALTY * matches[0];
  if (penalty < MAX_LEADING_LETTER_PENALTY) {
    penalty = MAX_LEADING_LETTER_PENALTY;
  }
  score += penalty;

  // Apply unmatched penalty
  const int unmatched = strSz - numMatches;
  score += UNMATCHED_LETTER_PENALTY * unmatched;

  // Apply ordering bonuses
  for (int i = 0; i < numMatches; i++) {
    const uint32_t currIdx = matches[i];

    if (i > 0) {
      const uint32_t prevIdx = matches[i - 1];

      // Sequential
      if (currIdx == prevIdx + 1) {
        score += SEQUENTIAL_BONUS;
      } else {
        score += GAP_PENALTY * (currIdx - prevIdx);
      }
    }

    // Check for bonuses based on neighbor character value
    if (currIdx > 0) {
      // Camel case
      const char_u *p = str;
      int neighbor;

      for (uint32_t sidx = 0; sidx < currIdx; sidx++) {
        neighbor = utf_ptr2char((char *)p);
        MB_PTR_ADV(p);
      }
      const int curr = utf_ptr2char((char *)p);

      if (mb_islower(neighbor) && mb_isupper(curr)) {
        score += CAMEL_BONUS;
      }

      // Bonus if the match follows a separator character
      if (neighbor == '/' || neighbor == '\\') {
        score += PATH_SEPARATOR_BONUS;
      } else if (neighbor == ' ' || neighbor == '_') {
        score += WORD_SEPARATOR_BONUS;
      }
    } else {
      // First letter
      score += FIRST_LETTER_BONUS;
    }
  }
  return score;
}

/// Perform a recursive search for fuzzy matching 'fuzpat' in 'str'.
/// @return the number of matching characters.
static int fuzzy_match_recursive(const char_u *fuzpat, const char_u *str, uint32_t strIdx,
                                 int *const outScore, const char_u *const strBegin,
                                 const int strLen, const uint32_t *const srcMatches,
                                 uint32_t *const matches, const int maxMatches, int nextMatch,
                                 int *const recursionCount)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ARG(1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 11) FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
{
  // Recursion params
  bool recursiveMatch = false;
  uint32_t bestRecursiveMatches[MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES];
  int bestRecursiveScore = 0;

  // Count recursions
  (*recursionCount)++;
  if (*recursionCount >= FUZZY_MATCH_RECURSION_LIMIT) {
    return 0;
  }

  // Detect end of strings
  if (*fuzpat == NUL || *str == NUL) {
    return 0;
  }

  // Loop through fuzpat and str looking for a match
  bool first_match = true;
  while (*fuzpat != NUL && *str != NUL) {
    const int c1 = utf_ptr2char((char *)fuzpat);
    const int c2 = utf_ptr2char((char *)str);

    // Found match
    if (mb_tolower(c1) == mb_tolower(c2)) {
      // Supplied matches buffer was too short
      if (nextMatch >= maxMatches) {
        return 0;
      }

      // "Copy-on-Write" srcMatches into matches
      if (first_match && srcMatches != NULL) {
        memcpy(matches, srcMatches, nextMatch * sizeof(srcMatches[0]));
        first_match = false;
      }

      // Recursive call that "skips" this match
      uint32_t recursiveMatches[MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES];
      int recursiveScore = 0;
      const char_u *const next_char = str + utfc_ptr2len((char *)str);
      if (fuzzy_match_recursive(fuzpat, next_char, strIdx + 1, &recursiveScore, strBegin, strLen,
                                matches, recursiveMatches,
                                sizeof(recursiveMatches) / sizeof(recursiveMatches[0]), nextMatch,
                                recursionCount)) {
        // Pick best recursive score
        if (!recursiveMatch || recursiveScore > bestRecursiveScore) {
          memcpy(bestRecursiveMatches, recursiveMatches,
                 MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES * sizeof(recursiveMatches[0]));
          bestRecursiveScore = recursiveScore;
        }
        recursiveMatch = true;
      }

      // Advance
      matches[nextMatch++] = strIdx;
      MB_PTR_ADV(fuzpat);
    }
    MB_PTR_ADV(str);
    strIdx++;
  }

  // Determine if full fuzpat was matched
  const bool matched = *fuzpat == NUL;

  // Calculate score
  if (matched) {
    *outScore = fuzzy_match_compute_score(strBegin, strLen, matches, nextMatch);
  }

  // Return best result
  if (recursiveMatch && (!matched || bestRecursiveScore > *outScore)) {
    // Recursive score is better than "this"
    memcpy(matches, bestRecursiveMatches, maxMatches * sizeof(matches[0]));
    *outScore = bestRecursiveScore;
    return nextMatch;
  } else if (matched) {
    return nextMatch;  // "this" score is better than recursive
  }

  return 0;  // no match
}

/// fuzzy_match()
///
/// Performs exhaustive search via recursion to find all possible matches and
/// match with highest score.
/// Scores values have no intrinsic meaning.  Possible score range is not
/// normalized and varies with pattern.
/// Recursion is limited internally (default=10) to prevent degenerate cases
/// (pat_arg="aaaaaa" str="aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa").
/// Uses char_u for match indices. Therefore patterns are limited to
/// MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES characters.
///
/// @return true if 'pat_arg' matches 'str'. Also returns the match score in
/// 'outScore' and the matching character positions in 'matches'.
bool fuzzy_match(char_u *const str, const char_u *const pat_arg, const bool matchseq,
                 int *const outScore, uint32_t *const matches, const int maxMatches)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
{
  const int len = mb_charlen(str);
  bool complete = false;
  int numMatches = 0;

  *outScore = 0;

  char_u *const save_pat = vim_strsave(pat_arg);
  char_u *pat = save_pat;
  char_u *p = pat;

  // Try matching each word in 'pat_arg' in 'str'
  while (true) {
    if (matchseq) {
      complete = true;
    } else {
      // Extract one word from the pattern (separated by space)
      p = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)p);
      if (*p == NUL) {
        break;
      }
      pat = p;
      while (*p != NUL && !ascii_iswhite(utf_ptr2char((char *)p))) {
        MB_PTR_ADV(p);
      }
      if (*p == NUL) {  // processed all the words
        complete = true;
      }
      *p = NUL;
    }

    int score = 0;
    int recursionCount = 0;
    const int matchCount
      = fuzzy_match_recursive(pat, str, 0, &score, str, len, NULL, matches + numMatches,
                              maxMatches - numMatches, 0, &recursionCount);
    if (matchCount == 0) {
      numMatches = 0;
      break;
    }

    // Accumulate the match score and the number of matches
    *outScore += score;
    numMatches += matchCount;

    if (complete) {
      break;
    }

    // try matching the next word
    p++;
  }

  xfree(save_pat);
  return numMatches != 0;
}

/// Sort the fuzzy matches in the descending order of the match score.
/// For items with same score, retain the order using the index (stable sort)
static int fuzzy_match_item_compare(const void *const s1, const void *const s2)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT FUNC_ATTR_PURE
{
  const int v1 = ((const fuzzyItem_T *)s1)->score;
  const int v2 = ((const fuzzyItem_T *)s2)->score;
  const int idx1 = ((const fuzzyItem_T *)s1)->idx;
  const int idx2 = ((const fuzzyItem_T *)s2)->idx;

  return v1 == v2 ? (idx1 - idx2) : v1 > v2 ? -1 : 1;
}

/// Fuzzy search the string 'str' in a list of 'items' and return the matching
/// strings in 'fmatchlist'.
/// If 'matchseq' is true, then for multi-word search strings, match all the
/// words in sequence.
/// If 'items' is a list of strings, then search for 'str' in the list.
/// If 'items' is a list of dicts, then either use 'key' to lookup the string
/// for each item or use 'item_cb' Funcref function to get the string.
/// If 'retmatchpos' is true, then return a list of positions where 'str'
/// matches for each item.
static void fuzzy_match_in_list(list_T *const l, char_u *const str, const bool matchseq,
                                const char_u *const key, Callback *const item_cb,
                                const bool retmatchpos, list_T *const fmatchlist,
                                const long max_matches)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ARG(2, 5, 7)
{
  long len = tv_list_len(l);
  if (len == 0) {
    return;
  }
  if (max_matches > 0 && len > max_matches) {
    len = max_matches;
  }

  fuzzyItem_T *const items = xcalloc(len, sizeof(fuzzyItem_T));
  long match_count = 0;
  uint32_t matches[MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES];

  // For all the string items in items, get the fuzzy matching score
  TV_LIST_ITER(l, li, {
    if (max_matches > 0 && match_count >= max_matches) {
      break;
    }

    char_u *itemstr = NULL;
    typval_T rettv;
    rettv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
    const typval_T *const tv = TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li);
    if (tv->v_type == VAR_STRING) {  // list of strings
      itemstr = (char_u *)tv->vval.v_string;
    } else if (tv->v_type == VAR_DICT && (key != NULL || item_cb->type != kCallbackNone)) {
      // For a dict, either use the specified key to lookup the string or
      // use the specified callback function to get the string.
      if (key != NULL) {
        itemstr = (char_u *)tv_dict_get_string(tv->vval.v_dict, (const char *)key, false);
      } else {
        typval_T argv[2];

        // Invoke the supplied callback (if any) to get the dict item
        tv->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount++;
        argv[0].v_type = VAR_DICT;
        argv[0].vval.v_dict = tv->vval.v_dict;
        argv[1].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
        if (callback_call(item_cb, 1, argv, &rettv)) {
          if (rettv.v_type == VAR_STRING) {
            itemstr = (char_u *)rettv.vval.v_string;
          }
        }
        tv_dict_unref(tv->vval.v_dict);
      }
    }

    int score;
    if (itemstr != NULL && fuzzy_match(itemstr, str, matchseq, &score, matches,
                                       MAX_FUZZY_MATCHES)) {
      items[match_count].idx = match_count;
      items[match_count].item = li;
      items[match_count].score = score;

      // Copy the list of matching positions in itemstr to a list, if
      // 'retmatchpos' is set.
      if (retmatchpos) {
        items[match_count].lmatchpos = tv_list_alloc(kListLenMayKnow);
        int j = 0;
        const char_u *p = str;
        while (*p != NUL) {
          if (!ascii_iswhite(utf_ptr2char((char *)p)) || matchseq) {
            tv_list_append_number(items[match_count].lmatchpos, matches[j]);
            j++;
          }
          MB_PTR_ADV(p);
        }
      }
      match_count++;
    }
    tv_clear(&rettv);
  });

  if (match_count > 0) {
    // Sort the list by the descending order of the match score
    qsort(items, match_count, sizeof(fuzzyItem_T), fuzzy_match_item_compare);

    // For matchfuzzy(), return a list of matched strings.
    //          ['str1', 'str2', 'str3']
    // For matchfuzzypos(), return a list with three items.
    // The first item is a list of matched strings. The second item
    // is a list of lists where each list item is a list of matched
    // character positions. The third item is a list of matching scores.
    //      [['str1', 'str2', 'str3'], [[1, 3], [1, 3], [1, 3]]]
    list_T *retlist;
    if (retmatchpos) {
      const listitem_T *const li = tv_list_find(fmatchlist, 0);
      assert(li != NULL && TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list != NULL);
      retlist = TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list;
    } else {
      retlist = fmatchlist;
    }

    // Copy the matching strings with a valid score to the return list
    for (long i = 0; i < match_count; i++) {
      if (items[i].score == SCORE_NONE) {
        break;
      }
      tv_list_append_tv(retlist, TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(items[i].item));
    }

    // next copy the list of matching positions
    if (retmatchpos) {
      const listitem_T *li = tv_list_find(fmatchlist, -2);
      assert(li != NULL && TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list != NULL);
      retlist = TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list;

      for (long i = 0; i < match_count; i++) {
        if (items[i].score == SCORE_NONE) {
          break;
        }
        tv_list_append_list(retlist, items[i].lmatchpos);
      }

      // copy the matching scores
      li = tv_list_find(fmatchlist, -1);
      assert(li != NULL && TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list != NULL);
      retlist = TV_LIST_ITEM_TV(li)->vval.v_list;
      for (long i = 0; i < match_count; i++) {
        if (items[i].score == SCORE_NONE) {
          break;
        }
        tv_list_append_number(retlist, items[i].score);
      }
    }
  }
  xfree(items);
}

/// Do fuzzy matching. Returns the list of matched strings in 'rettv'.
/// If 'retmatchpos' is true, also returns the matching character positions.
static void do_fuzzymatch(const typval_T *const argvars, typval_T *const rettv,
                          const bool retmatchpos)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ALL
{
  // validate and get the arguments
  if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST || argvars[0].vval.v_list == NULL) {
    semsg(_(e_listarg), retmatchpos ? "matchfuzzypos()" : "matchfuzzy()");
    return;
  }
  if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_STRING || argvars[1].vval.v_string == NULL) {
    semsg(_(e_invarg2), tv_get_string(&argvars[1]));
    return;
  }

  Callback cb = CALLBACK_NONE;
  const char_u *key = NULL;
  bool matchseq = false;
  long max_matches = 0;
  if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN) {
    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_DICT || argvars[2].vval.v_dict == NULL) {
      emsg(_(e_dictreq));
      return;
    }

    // To search a dict, either a callback function or a key can be
    // specified.
    dict_T *const d = argvars[2].vval.v_dict;
    const dictitem_T *di;
    if ((di = tv_dict_find(d, "key", -1)) != NULL) {
      if (di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_STRING || di->di_tv.vval.v_string == NULL
          || *di->di_tv.vval.v_string == NUL) {
        semsg(_(e_invarg2), tv_get_string(&di->di_tv));
        return;
      }
      key = (const char_u *)tv_get_string(&di->di_tv);
    } else if (!tv_dict_get_callback(d, "text_cb", -1, &cb)) {
      semsg(_(e_invargval), "text_cb");
      return;
    }

    if ((di = tv_dict_find(d, "limit", -1)) != NULL) {
      if (di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_NUMBER) {
        semsg(_(e_invarg2), tv_get_string(&di->di_tv));
        return;
      }
      max_matches = (long)tv_get_number_chk(&di->di_tv, NULL);
    }

    if (tv_dict_find(d, "matchseq", -1) != NULL) {
      matchseq = true;
    }
  }

  // get the fuzzy matches
  tv_list_alloc_ret(rettv, retmatchpos ? 3 : kListLenUnknown);
  if (retmatchpos) {
    // For matchfuzzypos(), a list with three items are returned. First
    // item is a list of matching strings, the second item is a list of
    // lists with matching positions within each string and the third item
    // is the list of scores of the matches.
    tv_list_append_list(rettv->vval.v_list, tv_list_alloc(kListLenUnknown));
    tv_list_append_list(rettv->vval.v_list, tv_list_alloc(kListLenUnknown));
    tv_list_append_list(rettv->vval.v_list, tv_list_alloc(kListLenUnknown));
  }

  fuzzy_match_in_list(argvars[0].vval.v_list, (char_u *)tv_get_string(&argvars[1]), matchseq, key,
                      &cb, retmatchpos, rettv->vval.v_list, max_matches);
  callback_free(&cb);
}

/// "matchfuzzy()" function
void f_matchfuzzy(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, FunPtr fptr)
{
  do_fuzzymatch(argvars, rettv, false);
}

/// "matchfuzzypos()" function
void f_matchfuzzypos(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, FunPtr fptr)
{
  do_fuzzymatch(argvars, rettv, true);
}

/// Find identifiers or defines in included files.
/// If p_ic && (compl_cont_status & CONT_SOL) then ptr must be in lowercase.
///
/// @param ptr            pointer to search pattern
/// @param dir            direction of expansion
/// @param len            length of search pattern
/// @param whole          match whole words only
/// @param skip_comments  don't match inside comments
/// @param type           Type of search; are we looking for a type? a macro?
/// @param action         What to do when we find it
/// @param start_lnum     first line to start searching
/// @param end_lnum       last line for searching
void find_pattern_in_path(char_u *ptr, Direction dir, size_t len, bool whole, bool skip_comments,
                          int type, long count, int action, linenr_T start_lnum, linenr_T end_lnum)
{
  SearchedFile *files;                  // Stack of included files
  SearchedFile *bigger;                 // When we need more space
  int max_path_depth = 50;
  long match_count = 1;

  char_u *pat;
  char_u *new_fname;
  char_u *curr_fname = (char_u *)curbuf->b_fname;
  char_u *prev_fname = NULL;
  linenr_T lnum;
  int depth;
  int depth_displayed;                  // For type==CHECK_PATH
  int old_files;
  int already_searched;
  char_u *file_line;
  char_u *line;
  char_u *p;
  char_u save_char;
  bool define_matched;
  regmatch_T regmatch;
  regmatch_T incl_regmatch;
  regmatch_T def_regmatch;
  bool matched = false;
  bool did_show = false;
  bool found = false;
  int i;
  char_u *already = NULL;
  char_u *startp = NULL;
  char_u *inc_opt = NULL;
  win_T *curwin_save = NULL;
  const int l_g_do_tagpreview = g_do_tagpreview;

  regmatch.regprog = NULL;
  incl_regmatch.regprog = NULL;
  def_regmatch.regprog = NULL;

  file_line = xmalloc(LSIZE);

  if (type != CHECK_PATH && type != FIND_DEFINE
      // when CONT_SOL is set compare "ptr" with the beginning of the line
      // is faster than quote_meta/regcomp/regexec "ptr" -- Acevedo
      && !(compl_cont_status & CONT_SOL)) {
    pat = xmalloc(len + 5);
    assert(len <= INT_MAX);
    sprintf((char *)pat, whole ? "\\<%.*s\\>" : "%.*s", (int)len, ptr);
    // ignore case according to p_ic, p_scs and pat
    regmatch.rm_ic = ignorecase(pat);
    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp((char *)pat, p_magic ? RE_MAGIC : 0);
    xfree(pat);
    if (regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
      goto fpip_end;
    }
  }
  inc_opt = (*curbuf->b_p_inc == NUL) ? p_inc : curbuf->b_p_inc;
  if (*inc_opt != NUL) {
    incl_regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp((char *)inc_opt, p_magic ? RE_MAGIC : 0);
    if (incl_regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
      goto fpip_end;
    }
    incl_regmatch.rm_ic = FALSE;        // don't ignore case in incl. pat.
  }
  if (type == FIND_DEFINE && (*curbuf->b_p_def != NUL || *p_def != NUL)) {
    def_regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(*curbuf->b_p_def == NUL
                                       ? (char *)p_def : (char *)curbuf->b_p_def,
                                       p_magic ? RE_MAGIC : 0);
    if (def_regmatch.regprog == NULL) {
      goto fpip_end;
    }
    def_regmatch.rm_ic = FALSE;         // don't ignore case in define pat.
  }
  files = xcalloc(max_path_depth, sizeof(SearchedFile));
  old_files = max_path_depth;
  depth = depth_displayed = -1;

  lnum = start_lnum;
  if (end_lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
    end_lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
  }
  if (lnum > end_lnum) {                // do at least one line
    lnum = end_lnum;
  }
  line = ml_get(lnum);

  for (;;) {
    if (incl_regmatch.regprog != NULL
        && vim_regexec(&incl_regmatch, line, (colnr_T)0)) {
      char_u *p_fname = (curr_fname == (char_u *)curbuf->b_fname)
                        ? curbuf->b_ffname : curr_fname;

      if (inc_opt != NULL && strstr((char *)inc_opt, "\\zs") != NULL) {
        // Use text from '\zs' to '\ze' (or end) of 'include'.
        new_fname = find_file_name_in_path(incl_regmatch.startp[0],
                                           (size_t)(incl_regmatch.endp[0]
                                                    - incl_regmatch.startp[0]),
                                           FNAME_EXP|FNAME_INCL|FNAME_REL,
                                           1L, p_fname);
      } else {
        // Use text after match with 'include'.
        new_fname = file_name_in_line(incl_regmatch.endp[0], 0,
                                      FNAME_EXP|FNAME_INCL|FNAME_REL, 1L, p_fname, NULL);
      }
      already_searched = FALSE;
      if (new_fname != NULL) {
        // Check whether we have already searched in this file
        for (i = 0;; i++) {
          if (i == depth + 1) {
            i = old_files;
          }
          if (i == max_path_depth) {
            break;
          }
          if (path_full_compare((char *)new_fname, (char *)files[i].name, true,
                                true) & kEqualFiles) {
            if (type != CHECK_PATH
                && action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL && files[i].matched) {
              msg_putchar('\n');  // cursor below last one */
              if (!got_int) {  // don't display if 'q' typed at "--more--"
                               // message
                msg_home_replace_hl(new_fname);
                msg_puts(_(" (includes previously listed match)"));
                prev_fname = NULL;
              }
            }
            XFREE_CLEAR(new_fname);
            already_searched = true;
            break;
          }
        }
      }

      if (type == CHECK_PATH && (action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL
                                 || (new_fname == NULL && !already_searched))) {
        if (did_show) {
          msg_putchar('\n');  // cursor below last one
        } else {
          gotocmdline(true);  // cursor at status line
          msg_puts_title(_("--- Included files "));
          if (action != ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
            msg_puts_title(_("not found "));
          }
          msg_puts_title(_("in path ---\n"));
        }
        did_show = true;
        while (depth_displayed < depth && !got_int) {
          ++depth_displayed;
          for (i = 0; i < depth_displayed; i++) {
            msg_puts("  ");
          }
          msg_home_replace(files[depth_displayed].name);
          msg_puts(" -->\n");
        }
        if (!got_int) {                     // don't display if 'q' typed
                                            // for "--more--" message
          for (i = 0; i <= depth_displayed; i++) {
            msg_puts("  ");
          }
          if (new_fname != NULL) {
            // using "new_fname" is more reliable, e.g., when
            // 'includeexpr' is set.
            msg_outtrans_attr(new_fname, HL_ATTR(HLF_D));
          } else {
            /*
             * Isolate the file name.
             * Include the surrounding "" or <> if present.
             */
            if (inc_opt != NULL
                && strstr((char *)inc_opt, "\\zs") != NULL) {
              // pattern contains \zs, use the match
              p = incl_regmatch.startp[0];
              i = (int)(incl_regmatch.endp[0]
                        - incl_regmatch.startp[0]);
            } else {
              // find the file name after the end of the match
              for (p = incl_regmatch.endp[0];
                   *p && !vim_isfilec(*p); p++) {}
              for (i = 0; vim_isfilec(p[i]); i++) {}
            }

            if (i == 0) {
              // Nothing found, use the rest of the line.
              p = incl_regmatch.endp[0];
              i = (int)STRLEN(p);
            } else if (p > line) {
              // Avoid checking before the start of the line, can
              // happen if \zs appears in the regexp.
              if (p[-1] == '"' || p[-1] == '<') {
                --p;
                ++i;
              }
              if (p[i] == '"' || p[i] == '>') {
                ++i;
              }
            }
            save_char = p[i];
            p[i] = NUL;
            msg_outtrans_attr(p, HL_ATTR(HLF_D));
            p[i] = save_char;
          }

          if (new_fname == NULL && action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
            if (already_searched) {
              msg_puts(_("  (Already listed)"));
            } else {
              msg_puts(_("  NOT FOUND"));
            }
          }
        }
        ui_flush();                // output each line directly
      }

      if (new_fname != NULL) {
        // Push the new file onto the file stack
        if (depth + 1 == old_files) {
          bigger = xmalloc(max_path_depth * 2 * sizeof(SearchedFile));
          for (i = 0; i <= depth; i++) {
            bigger[i] = files[i];
          }
          for (i = depth + 1; i < old_files + max_path_depth; i++) {
            bigger[i].fp = NULL;
            bigger[i].name = NULL;
            bigger[i].lnum = 0;
            bigger[i].matched = FALSE;
          }
          for (i = old_files; i < max_path_depth; i++) {
            bigger[i + max_path_depth] = files[i];
          }
          old_files += max_path_depth;
          max_path_depth *= 2;
          xfree(files);
          files = bigger;
        }
        if ((files[depth + 1].fp = os_fopen((char *)new_fname, "r")) == NULL) {
          xfree(new_fname);
        } else {
          if (++depth == old_files) {
            // Something wrong. We will forget one of our already visited files
            // now.
            xfree(files[old_files].name);
            ++old_files;
          }
          files[depth].name = curr_fname = new_fname;
          files[depth].lnum = 0;
          files[depth].matched = FALSE;
          if (action == ACTION_EXPAND) {
            msg_hist_off = true;                // reset in msg_trunc_attr()
            vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE,
                         _("Scanning included file: %s"),
                         (char *)new_fname);
            msg_trunc_attr((char *)IObuff, true, HL_ATTR(HLF_R));
          } else if (p_verbose >= 5) {
            verbose_enter();
            smsg(_("Searching included file %s"),
                 (char *)new_fname);
            verbose_leave();
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      /*
       * Check if the line is a define (type == FIND_DEFINE)
       */
      p = line;
search_line:
      define_matched = false;
      if (def_regmatch.regprog != NULL
          && vim_regexec(&def_regmatch, line, (colnr_T)0)) {
        /*
         * Pattern must be first identifier after 'define', so skip
         * to that position before checking for match of pattern.  Also
         * don't let it match beyond the end of this identifier.
         */
        p = def_regmatch.endp[0];
        while (*p && !vim_iswordc(*p)) {
          p++;
        }
        define_matched = true;
      }

      /*
       * Look for a match.  Don't do this if we are looking for a
       * define and this line didn't match define_prog above.
       */
      if (def_regmatch.regprog == NULL || define_matched) {
        if (define_matched
            || (compl_cont_status & CONT_SOL)) {
          // compare the first "len" chars from "ptr"
          startp = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)p);
          if (p_ic) {
            matched = !mb_strnicmp(startp, ptr, len);
          } else {
            matched = !STRNCMP(startp, ptr, len);
          }
          if (matched && define_matched && whole
              && vim_iswordc(startp[len])) {
            matched = false;
          }
        } else if (regmatch.regprog != NULL
                   && vim_regexec(&regmatch, line, (colnr_T)(p - line))) {
          matched = true;
          startp = regmatch.startp[0];
          // Check if the line is not a comment line (unless we are
          // looking for a define).  A line starting with "# define"
          // is not considered to be a comment line.
          if (skip_comments) {
            if ((*line != '#'
                 || STRNCMP(skipwhite((char *)line + 1), "define", 6) != 0)
                && get_leader_len(line, NULL, false, true)) {
              matched = false;
            }

            /*
             * Also check for a "/ *" or "/ /" before the match.
             * Skips lines like "int backwards;  / * normal index
             * * /" when looking for "normal".
             * Note: Doesn't skip "/ *" in comments.
             */
            p = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)line);
            if (matched
                || (p[0] == '/' && p[1] == '*') || p[0] == '*') {
              for (p = line; *p && p < startp; ++p) {
                if (matched
                    && p[0] == '/'
                    && (p[1] == '*' || p[1] == '/')) {
                  matched = false;
                  // After "//" all text is comment
                  if (p[1] == '/') {
                    break;
                  }
                  p++;
                } else if (!matched && p[0] == '*' && p[1] == '/') {
                  // Can find match after "* /".
                  matched = true;
                  p++;
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    if (matched) {
      if (action == ACTION_EXPAND) {
        bool cont_s_ipos = false;
        char_u *aux;

        if (depth == -1 && lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum) {
          break;
        }
        found = true;
        aux = p = startp;
        if (compl_cont_status & CONT_ADDING) {
          p += compl_length;
          if (vim_iswordp(p)) {
            goto exit_matched;
          }
          p = find_word_start(p);
        }
        p = find_word_end(p);
        i = (int)(p - aux);

        if ((compl_cont_status & CONT_ADDING) && i == compl_length) {
          // IOSIZE > compl_length, so the STRNCPY works
          STRNCPY(IObuff, aux, i);

          // Get the next line: when "depth" < 0  from the current
          // buffer, otherwise from the included file.  Jump to
          // exit_matched when past the last line.
          if (depth < 0) {
            if (lnum >= end_lnum) {
              goto exit_matched;
            }
            line = ml_get(++lnum);
          } else if (vim_fgets(line = file_line,
                               LSIZE, files[depth].fp)) {
            goto exit_matched;
          }

          // we read a line, set "already" to check this "line" later
          // if depth >= 0 we'll increase files[depth].lnum far
          // below  -- Acevedo
          already = aux = p = (char_u *)skipwhite((char *)line);
          p = find_word_start(p);
          p = find_word_end(p);
          if (p > aux) {
            if (*aux != ')' && IObuff[i - 1] != TAB) {
              if (IObuff[i - 1] != ' ') {
                IObuff[i++] = ' ';
              }
              // IObuf =~ "\(\k\|\i\).* ", thus i >= 2
              if (p_js
                  && (IObuff[i - 2] == '.'
                      || IObuff[i - 2] == '?'
                      || IObuff[i - 2] == '!')) {
                IObuff[i++] = ' ';
              }
            }
            // copy as much as possible of the new word
            if (p - aux >= IOSIZE - i) {
              p = aux + IOSIZE - i - 1;
            }
            STRNCPY(IObuff + i, aux, p - aux);
            i += (int)(p - aux);
            cont_s_ipos = true;
          }
          IObuff[i] = NUL;
          aux = IObuff;

          if (i == compl_length) {
            goto exit_matched;
          }
        }

        const int add_r = ins_compl_add_infercase(aux, i, p_ic,
                                                  curr_fname == (char_u *)curbuf->b_fname
                                                  ? NULL : curr_fname,
                                                  dir, cont_s_ipos);
        if (add_r == OK) {
          // if dir was BACKWARD then honor it just once
          dir = FORWARD;
        } else if (add_r == FAIL) {
          break;
        }
      } else if (action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
        found = true;
        if (!did_show) {
          gotocmdline(true);                    // cursor at status line
        }
        if (curr_fname != prev_fname) {
          if (did_show) {
            msg_putchar('\n');                  // cursor below last one
          }
          if (!got_int) {             // don't display if 'q' typed
                                      // at "--more--" message
            msg_home_replace_hl(curr_fname);
          }
          prev_fname = curr_fname;
        }
        did_show = true;
        if (!got_int) {
          show_pat_in_path(line, type, true, action,
                           (depth == -1) ? NULL : files[depth].fp,
                           (depth == -1) ? &lnum : &files[depth].lnum,
                           match_count++);
        }

        // Set matched flag for this file and all the ones that
        // include it
        for (i = 0; i <= depth; i++) {
          files[i].matched = true;
        }
      } else if (--count <= 0) {
        found = true;
        if (depth == -1 && lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum
            && l_g_do_tagpreview == 0) {
          emsg(_("E387: Match is on current line"));
        } else if (action == ACTION_SHOW) {
          show_pat_in_path(line, type, did_show, action,
                           (depth == -1) ? NULL : files[depth].fp,
                           (depth == -1) ? &lnum : &files[depth].lnum, 1L);
          did_show = true;
        } else {
          // ":psearch" uses the preview window
          if (l_g_do_tagpreview != 0) {
            curwin_save = curwin;
            prepare_tagpreview(true);
          }
          if (action == ACTION_SPLIT) {
            if (win_split(0, 0) == FAIL) {
              break;
            }
            RESET_BINDING(curwin);
          }
          if (depth == -1) {
            // match in current file
            if (l_g_do_tagpreview != 0) {
              if (!win_valid(curwin_save)) {
                break;
              }
              if (!GETFILE_SUCCESS(getfile(curwin_save->w_buffer->b_fnum, NULL,
                                           NULL, true, lnum, false))) {
                break;    // failed to jump to file
              }
            } else {
              setpcmark();
            }
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
            check_cursor();
          } else {
            if (!GETFILE_SUCCESS(getfile(0, (char *)files[depth].name, NULL, true,
                                         files[depth].lnum, false))) {
              break;    // failed to jump to file
            }
            // autocommands may have changed the lnum, we don't
            // want that here
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = files[depth].lnum;
          }
        }
        if (action != ACTION_SHOW) {
          curwin->w_cursor.col = (colnr_T)(startp - line);
          curwin->w_set_curswant = TRUE;
        }

        if (l_g_do_tagpreview != 0
            && curwin != curwin_save && win_valid(curwin_save)) {
          // Return cursor to where we were
          validate_cursor();
          redraw_later(curwin, VALID);
          win_enter(curwin_save, true);
        }
        break;
      }
exit_matched:
      matched = false;
      // look for other matches in the rest of the line if we
      // are not at the end of it already
      if (def_regmatch.regprog == NULL
          && action == ACTION_EXPAND
          && !(compl_cont_status & CONT_SOL)
          && *startp != NUL
          && *(p = startp + utfc_ptr2len((char *)startp)) != NUL) {
        goto search_line;
      }
    }
    line_breakcheck();
    if (action == ACTION_EXPAND) {
      ins_compl_check_keys(30, false);
    }
    if (got_int || compl_interrupted) {
      break;
    }

    /*
     * Read the next line.  When reading an included file and encountering
     * end-of-file, close the file and continue in the file that included
     * it.
     */
    while (depth >= 0 && !already
           && vim_fgets(line = file_line, LSIZE, files[depth].fp)) {
      fclose(files[depth].fp);
      --old_files;
      files[old_files].name = files[depth].name;
      files[old_files].matched = files[depth].matched;
      depth--;
      curr_fname = (depth == -1) ? (char_u *)curbuf->b_fname
                                 : files[depth].name;
      if (depth < depth_displayed) {
        depth_displayed = depth;
      }
    }
    if (depth >= 0) {           // we could read the line
      files[depth].lnum++;
      // Remove any CR and LF from the line.
      i = (int)STRLEN(line);
      if (i > 0 && line[i - 1] == '\n') {
        line[--i] = NUL;
      }
      if (i > 0 && line[i - 1] == '\r') {
        line[--i] = NUL;
      }
    } else if (!already) {
      if (++lnum > end_lnum) {
        break;
      }
      line = ml_get(lnum);
    }
    already = NULL;
  }
  // End of big for (;;) loop.

  // Close any files that are still open.
  for (i = 0; i <= depth; i++) {
    fclose(files[i].fp);
    xfree(files[i].name);
  }
  for (i = old_files; i < max_path_depth; i++) {
    xfree(files[i].name);
  }
  xfree(files);

  if (type == CHECK_PATH) {
    if (!did_show) {
      if (action != ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
        msg(_("All included files were found"));
      } else {
        msg(_("No included files"));
      }
    }
  } else if (!found
             && action != ACTION_EXPAND) {
    if (got_int || compl_interrupted) {
      emsg(_(e_interr));
    } else if (type == FIND_DEFINE) {
      emsg(_("E388: Couldn't find definition"));
    } else {
      emsg(_("E389: Couldn't find pattern"));
    }
  }
  if (action == ACTION_SHOW || action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
    msg_end();
  }

fpip_end:
  xfree(file_line);
  vim_regfree(regmatch.regprog);
  vim_regfree(incl_regmatch.regprog);
  vim_regfree(def_regmatch.regprog);
}

static void show_pat_in_path(char_u *line, int type, bool did_show, int action, FILE *fp,
                             linenr_T *lnum, long count)
  FUNC_ATTR_NONNULL_ARG(1, 6)
{
  char_u *p;

  if (did_show) {
    msg_putchar('\n');          // cursor below last one
  } else if (!msg_silent) {
    gotocmdline(true);          // cursor at status line
  }
  if (got_int) {                // 'q' typed at "--more--" message
    return;
  }
  for (;;) {
    p = line + STRLEN(line) - 1;
    if (fp != NULL) {
      // We used fgets(), so get rid of newline at end
      if (p >= line && *p == '\n') {
        --p;
      }
      if (p >= line && *p == '\r') {
        --p;
      }
      *(p + 1) = NUL;
    }
    if (action == ACTION_SHOW_ALL) {
      snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE, "%3ld: ", count);  // Show match nr.
      msg_puts((const char *)IObuff);
      snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE, "%4" PRIdLINENR, *lnum);  // Show line nr.
      // Highlight line numbers.
      msg_puts_attr((const char *)IObuff, HL_ATTR(HLF_N));
      msg_puts(" ");
    }
    msg_prt_line(line, FALSE);
    ui_flush();                        // show one line at a time

    // Definition continues until line that doesn't end with '\'
    if (got_int || type != FIND_DEFINE || p < line || *p != '\\') {
      break;
    }

    if (fp != NULL) {
      if (vim_fgets(line, LSIZE, fp)) {     // end of file
        break;
      }
      ++*lnum;
    } else {
      if (++*lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
        break;
      }
      line = ml_get(*lnum);
    }
    msg_putchar('\n');
  }
}

/// Get last search pattern
void get_search_pattern(SearchPattern *const pat)
{
  memcpy(pat, &(spats[0]), sizeof(spats[0]));
}

/// Get last substitute pattern
void get_substitute_pattern(SearchPattern *const pat)
{
  memcpy(pat, &(spats[1]), sizeof(spats[1]));
  memset(&(pat->off), 0, sizeof(pat->off));
}

/// Set last search pattern
void set_search_pattern(const SearchPattern pat)
{
  free_spat(&spats[0]);
  memcpy(&(spats[0]), &pat, sizeof(spats[0]));
  set_vv_searchforward();
}

/// Set last substitute pattern
void set_substitute_pattern(const SearchPattern pat)
{
  free_spat(&spats[1]);
  memcpy(&(spats[1]), &pat, sizeof(spats[1]));
  memset(&(spats[1].off), 0, sizeof(spats[1].off));
}

/// Set last used search pattern
///
/// @param[in]  is_substitute_pattern  If true set substitute pattern as last
///                                    used. Otherwise sets search pattern.
void set_last_used_pattern(const bool is_substitute_pattern)
{
  last_idx = (is_substitute_pattern ? 1 : 0);
}

/// Returns true if search pattern was the last used one
bool search_was_last_used(void)
{
  return last_idx == 0;
}

/// @return  true if 'hlsearch' highlight is currently in use.
bool using_hlsearch(void)
{
  return spats[last_idx].pat != NULL && p_hls && !no_hlsearch;
}