diff --git a/cmd-bind-key.c b/cmd-bind-key.c
index dab03b01..01f8e961 100644
--- a/cmd-bind-key.c
+++ b/cmd-bind-key.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_bind_key_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "nrN:T:", 1, -1, cmd_bind_key_args_parse },
 	.usage = "[-nr] [-T key-table] [-N note] key "
-	         "[command [arguments]]",
+	         "[command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_bind_key_exec
diff --git a/cmd-display-menu.c b/cmd-display-menu.c
index ac136766..ab1b7047 100644
--- a/cmd-display-menu.c
+++ b/cmd-display-menu.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_menu_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-MO] [-b border-lines] [-c target-client] "
 		 "[-C starting-choice] [-H selected-style] [-s style] "
 		 "[-S border-style] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [-T title] "
-		 "[-x position] [-y position] name key command ...",
+		 "[-x position] [-y position] name [key] [command] ...",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_popup_entry = {
 		 "[-d start-directory] [-e environment] [-h height] "
 		 "[-s style] [-S border-style] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE
 		 " [-T title] [-w width] [-x position] [-y position] "
-		 "[shell-command]",
+		 "[shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
 
diff --git a/cmd-new-session.c b/cmd-new-session.c
index c90369bc..06082653 100644
--- a/cmd-new-session.c
+++ b/cmd-new-session.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_new_session_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-AdDEPX] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] [-F format] "
 		 "[-f flags] [-n window-name] [-s session-name] "
 		 CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " [-x width] [-y height] "
-		 "[shell-command]",
+		 "[shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },
 
diff --git a/cmd-new-window.c b/cmd-new-window.c
index f2d932de..dd64baab 100644
--- a/cmd-new-window.c
+++ b/cmd-new-window.c
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_new_window_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "abc:de:F:kn:PSt:", 0, -1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-abdkPS] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] [-F format] "
-		 "[-n window-name] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [shell-command]",
+		 "[-n window-name] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE
+		 " [shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX },
 
diff --git a/cmd-respawn-pane.c b/cmd-respawn-pane.c
index 6d60002e..1e1dd4c6 100644
--- a/cmd-respawn-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-respawn-pane.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_respawn_pane_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "c:e:kt:", 0, -1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-k] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] "
-		 CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [shell-command]",
+		 CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
 
diff --git a/cmd-respawn-window.c b/cmd-respawn-window.c
index 9a1a02c9..e1eae0af 100644
--- a/cmd-respawn-window.c
+++ b/cmd-respawn-window.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_respawn_window_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "c:e:kt:", 0, -1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-k] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] "
-		 CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [shell-command]",
+		 CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },
 
diff --git a/cmd-run-shell.c b/cmd-run-shell.c
index be4c7cac..4b4399c8 100644
--- a/cmd-run-shell.c
+++ b/cmd-run-shell.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_run_shell_entry = {
 	.name = "run-shell",
 	.alias = "run",
 
-	.args = { "bd:Ct:c:", 0, 2, cmd_run_shell_args_parse },
+	.args = { "bd:Ct:c:", 0, 1, cmd_run_shell_args_parse },
 	.usage = "[-bC] [-c start-directory] [-d delay] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE
 	         " [shell-command]",
 
diff --git a/cmd-send-keys.c b/cmd-send-keys.c
index 35b3f140..aa7b22fd 100644
--- a/cmd-send-keys.c
+++ b/cmd-send-keys.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_send_keys_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "c:FHKlMN:Rt:X", 0, -1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-FHKlMRX] [-c target-client] [-N repeat-count] "
-	         CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " key ...",
+	         CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [key ...]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
 
diff --git a/cmd-set-buffer.c b/cmd-set-buffer.c
index 35e72955..0b0ec3a2 100644
--- a/cmd-set-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-set-buffer.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_set_buffer_entry = {
 
 	.args = { "ab:t:n:w", 0, 1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-aw] " CMD_BUFFER_USAGE " [-n new-buffer-name] "
-	         CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " data",
+	         CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " [data]",
 
 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK|CMD_CLIENT_TFLAG|CMD_CLIENT_CANFAIL,
 	.exec = cmd_set_buffer_exec
diff --git a/cmd-show-options.c b/cmd-show-options.c
index 0e7e5192..68494060 100644
--- a/cmd-show-options.c
+++ b/cmd-show-options.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_hooks_entry = {
 	.alias = NULL,
 
 	.args = { "gpt:w", 0, 1, NULL },
-	.usage = "[-gpw] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
+	.usage = "[-gpw] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [hook]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },
 
diff --git a/cmd-split-window.c b/cmd-split-window.c
index 128e9e8b..bbec0cc8 100644
--- a/cmd-split-window.c
+++ b/cmd-split-window.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_split_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "bc:de:fF:hIl:p:Pt:vZ", 0, -1, NULL },
 	.usage = "[-bdefhIPvZ] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] "
 		 "[-F format] [-l size] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE
-		 " [shell-command]",
+		 " [shell-command [argument ...]]",
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
 
diff --git a/tmux.1 b/tmux.1
index 2e4cbaa5..bd184811 100644
--- a/tmux.1
+++ b/tmux.1
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ Lock all clients attached to
 .Op Fl t Ar group-name
 .Op Fl x Ar width
 .Op Fl y Ar height
-.Op Ar shell-command
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic new
 Create a new session with name
@@ -3091,7 +3091,7 @@ option.
 .Op Fl F Ar format
 .Op Fl n Ar window-name
 .Op Fl t Ar target-window
-.Op Ar shell-command
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic neww
 Create a new window.
@@ -3339,7 +3339,7 @@ to manual in the window options.
 .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
 .Op Fl e Ar environment
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
-.Op Ar shell-command
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic respawnp
 Reactivate a pane in which the command has exited (see the
@@ -3365,7 +3365,7 @@ command.
 .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
 .Op Fl e Ar environment
 .Op Fl t Ar target-window
-.Op Ar shell-command
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic respawnw
 Reactivate a window in which the command has exited (see the
@@ -3493,10 +3493,10 @@ the command behaves like
 .Op Fl bdfhIvPZ
 .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
 .Op Fl e Ar environment
+.Op Fl F Ar format
 .Op Fl l Ar size
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
-.Op Ar shell-command
-.Op Fl F Ar format
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic splitw
 Create a new pane by splitting
@@ -3676,7 +3676,8 @@ Commands related to key bindings are as follows:
 .Op Fl nr
 .Op Fl N Ar note
 .Op Fl T Ar key-table
-.Ar key command Op Ar argument ...
+.Ar key
+.Op Ar command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic bind
 Bind key
@@ -3735,7 +3736,8 @@ command.
 .Tg lsk
 .It Xo Ic list-keys
 .Op Fl 1aN
-.Op Fl P Ar prefix-string Fl T Ar key-table
+.Op Fl P Ar prefix-string
+.Op Fl T Ar key-table
 .Op Ar key
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic lsk
@@ -3774,7 +3776,7 @@ lists the command for keys that do not have a note rather than skipping them.
 .Op Fl c Ar target-client
 .Op Fl N Ar repeat-count
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
-.Ar key ...
+.Op Ar key ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic send
 Send a key or keys to a window or client.
@@ -3852,12 +3854,44 @@ option prevents errors being returned.
 The appearance and behaviour of
 .Nm
 may be modified by changing the value of various options.
-There are four types of option:
-.Em server options ,
-.Em session options ,
-.Em window options ,
+Each option belongs to one or multiple scopes
+.Po
+.Em server ,
+.Em session ,
+.Em window ,
 and
-.Em pane options .
+.Em pane
+.Pc and has a type
+.Po
+.Em string ,
+.Em number ,
+.Em key ,
+.Em colour ,
+.Em flag ,
+.Em choice ,
+or
+.Em command
+.Pc . Values of
+.Em flag Ns -type
+options may be one of:
+.Ic 1 ,
+.Ic on ,
+.Ic yes ,
+.Ic 0 ,
+.Ic off ,
+or
+.Ic no ;
+for possible
+.Em choice
+values, see the respective option; for
+.Em key
+options, the
+.Sx KEY BINDINGS
+section; and for
+.Em colour
+options, the
+.Sx STYLES
+section.
 .Pp
 The
 .Nm
@@ -3921,13 +3955,14 @@ $ tmux show -wv @foo
 abc123
 .Ed
 .Pp
-Commands which set options are as follows:
+Options are managed with these commands:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .Tg set
 .It Xo Ic set-option
 .Op Fl aFgopqsuUw
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
-.Ar option Ar value
+.Ar option
+.Op Ar value
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic set
 Set a pane option with
@@ -3943,7 +3978,7 @@ or
 .Fl s
 may be unnecessary -
 .Nm
-will infer the type from the option name, assuming
+will infer the scope from the option name, assuming
 .Fl w
 for pane options.
 If
@@ -3964,8 +3999,9 @@ unsets an option (like
 but if the option is a pane option also unsets the option on any panes in the
 window.
 .Ar value
-depends on the option and may be a number, a string, or a flag (on, off, or
-omitted to toggle).
+depends on the option and its type and can be omitted for flag and choice
+options to toggle its value (choice options toggle between the first two
+choices).
 .Pp
 The
 .Fl o
@@ -4020,7 +4056,7 @@ or
 .Fl s
 may be unnecessary -
 .Nm
-will infer the type from the option name, assuming
+will infer the scope from the option name, assuming
 .Fl w
 for pane options.
 Global session or window options are listed if
@@ -5467,7 +5503,7 @@ Hooks are managed with these commands:
 .Op Fl agpRuw
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
 .Ar hook-name
-.Ar command
+.Op Ar command
 .Xc
 Without
 .Fl R ,
@@ -5488,6 +5524,7 @@ immediately.
 .It Xo Ic show-hooks
 .Op Fl gpw
 .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
+.Op Ar hook
 .Xc
 Shows hooks.
 The flags are the same as for
@@ -6149,9 +6186,10 @@ The colour is one of:
 .Ic cyan ,
 .Ic white ;
 if supported the bright variants
+.Ic brightblack ,
 .Ic brightred ,
-.Ic brightgreen ,
-.Ic brightyellow ;
+.Eo ...;
+.Ec
 .Ic colour0
 to
 .Ic colour255
@@ -6664,7 +6702,8 @@ the default is
 .Op Fl y Ar position
 .Ar name
 .Ar key
-.Ar command Op Ar argument ...
+.Ar command
+.Op Ar name key command ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic menu
 Display a menu on
@@ -6837,12 +6876,14 @@ forwards any input read from stdin to the empty pane given by
 .Op Fl w Ar width
 .Op Fl x Ar position
 .Op Fl y Ar position
-.Op Ar shell-command
+.Op Ar shell-command Op Ar argument ...
 .Xc
 .D1 Pq alias: Ic popup
 Display a popup running
 .Ar shell-command
-on
+(or
+.Ar default-command
+when omitted) on
 .Ar target-client .
 A popup is a rectangular box drawn over the top of any panes.
 Panes are not updated while a popup is present.