fixes #23304; uses snprintf instead of sprintf (#23322)

fixes #23304

(cherry picked from commit dfd778d056)

lib/pure/strutils.nim

@@ -2417,8 +2417,8 @@ func validIdentifier*(s: string): bool {.rtl, extern: "nsuValidIdentifier".} =
 
 # floating point formatting:
 when not defined(js):
-  func c_sprintf(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
-                                     importc: "sprintf", varargs.}
+  func c_snprintf(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
+                                     importc: "snprintf", varargs.}
 
 type
   FloatFormatMode* = enum
@@ -2451,7 +2451,7 @@ func formatBiggestFloat*(f: BiggestFloat, format: FloatFormatMode = ffDefault,
     when defined(js):
       var precision = precision
       if precision == -1:
-        # use the same default precision as c_sprintf
+        # use the same default precision as c_snprintf
         precision = 6
       var res: cstring
       case format
@@ -2482,11 +2482,11 @@ func formatBiggestFloat*(f: BiggestFloat, format: FloatFormatMode = ffDefault,
         frmtstr[3] = '*'
         frmtstr[4] = floatFormatToChar[format]
         frmtstr[5] = '\0'
-        L = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), precision, f)
+        L = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), csize_t(2501), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), precision, f)
       else:
         frmtstr[1] = floatFormatToChar[format]
         frmtstr[2] = '\0'
-        L = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), f)
+        L = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), csize_t(2501), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), f)
       result = newString(L)
       for i in 0 ..< L:
         # Depending on the locale either dot or comma is produced,

lib/std/formatfloat.nim

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ proc writeFloatToBufferRoundtrip*(buf: var array[65, char]; value: float32): int
   result = float32ToChars(buf, value, forceTrailingDotZero=true).int
   buf[result] = '\0'
 
-proc c_sprintf(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
-                                    importc: "sprintf", varargs, noSideEffect.}
+proc c_snprintf(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
+                                    importc: "snprintf", varargs, noSideEffect.}
 
 proc writeToBuffer(buf: var array[65, char]; value: cstring) =
   var i = 0
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ proc writeFloatToBufferSprintf*(buf: var array[65, char]; value: BiggestFloat):
   ##
   ## returns the amount of bytes written to `buf` not counting the
   ## terminating '\0' character.
-  var n = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), "%.16g", value).int
+  var n = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), 65, "%.16g", value).int
   var hasDot = false
   for i in 0..n-1:
     if buf[i] == ',':

lib/system/ansi_c.nim

@@ -187,6 +187,9 @@ proc c_sprintf*(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.
   importc: "sprintf", header: "<stdio.h>", varargs, noSideEffect.}
   # we use it only in a way that cannot lead to security issues
 
+proc c_snprintf*(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.
+  importc: "snprintf", header: "<stdio.h>", varargs, noSideEffect.}
+
 when defined(zephyr) and not defined(zephyrUseLibcMalloc):
   proc c_malloc*(size: csize_t): pointer {.
     importc: "k_malloc", header: "<kernel.h>".}

lib/system/repr.nim

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ proc reprFloat(x: float): string {.compilerproc.} = return $x
 
 proc reprPointer(x: pointer): string {.compilerproc.} =
   result = newString(60)
-  let n = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr result[0]), "%p", x)
+  let n = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr result[0]), csize_t(60), "%p", x)
   setLen(result, n)
 
 proc reprStrAux(result: var string, s: cstring; len: int) =