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better setops docs (#16236)
* js module also uses runnableExamples * better setops docs * Update lib/system/setops.nim * better * Update lib/system/setops.nim * Update lib/system/setops.nim * better * better
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@@ -1,94 +1,86 @@
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proc incl*[T](x: var set[T], y: T) {.magic: "Incl", noSideEffect.}
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## Includes element ``y`` in the set ``x``.
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func incl*[T](x: var set[T], y: T) {.magic: "Incl".} =
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## Includes element `y` in the set `x`.
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##
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## This is the same as ``x = x + {y}``, but it might be more efficient.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var a = {1, 3, 5}
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## a.incl(2) # a <- {1, 2, 3, 5}
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## a.incl(4) # a <- {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
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## This is the same as `x = x + {y}`, but it might be more efficient.
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runnableExamples:
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var a = {1, 3, 5}
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a.incl(2)
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assert a == {1, 2, 3, 5}
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a.incl(4)
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assert a == {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
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template incl*[T](x: var set[T], y: set[T]) =
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## Includes the set ``y`` in the set ``x``.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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## var b = {4, 5, 6}
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## a.incl(b) # a <- {1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
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## Includes the set `y` in the set `x`.
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runnableExamples:
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var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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var b = {4, 5, 6}
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a.incl(b)
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assert a == {1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
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x = x + y
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proc excl*[T](x: var set[T], y: T) {.magic: "Excl", noSideEffect.}
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## Excludes element ``y`` from the set ``x``.
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func excl*[T](x: var set[T], y: T) {.magic: "Excl".} =
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## Excludes element `y` from the set `x`.
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##
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## This is the same as ``x = x - {y}``, but it might be more efficient.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var b = {2, 3, 5, 6, 12, 545}
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## b.excl(5) # b <- {2, 3, 6, 12, 545}
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## This is the same as `x = x - {y}`, but it might be more efficient.
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runnableExamples:
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var b = {2, 3, 5, 6, 12, 545}
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b.excl(5)
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assert b == {2, 3, 6, 12, 545}
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template excl*[T](x: var set[T], y: set[T]) =
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## Excludes the set ``y`` from the set ``x``.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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## var b = {3, 4, 5}
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## a.excl(b) # a <- {1, 7}
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## Excludes the set `y` from the set `x`.
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runnableExamples:
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var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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var b = {3, 4, 5}
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a.excl(b)
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assert a == {1, 7}
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x = x - y
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proc card*[T](x: set[T]): int {.magic: "Card", noSideEffect.}
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## Returns the cardinality of the set ``x``, i.e. the number of elements
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func card*[T](x: set[T]): int {.magic: "Card".} =
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## Returns the cardinality of the set `x`, i.e. the number of elements
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## in the set.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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## echo card(a) # => 4
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runnableExamples:
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var a = {1, 3, 5, 7}
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assert card(a) == 4
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var b = {1, 3, 5, 7, 5}
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assert card(b) == 4 # repeated 5 doesn't count
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proc len*[T](x: set[T]): int {.magic: "Card", noSideEffect.}
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func len*[T](x: set[T]): int {.magic: "Card".}
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## An alias for `card(x)`.
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proc `*`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "MulSet", noSideEffect.}
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func `*`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "MulSet".} =
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## This operator computes the intersection of two sets.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## let
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## a = {1, 2, 3}
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## b = {2, 3, 4}
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## echo a * b # => {2, 3}
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proc `+`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "PlusSet", noSideEffect.}
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## This operator computes the union of two sets.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## let
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## a = {1, 2, 3}
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## b = {2, 3, 4}
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## echo a + b # => {1, 2, 3, 4}
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proc `-`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "MinusSet", noSideEffect.}
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## This operator computes the difference of two sets.
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## let
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## a = {1, 2, 3}
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## b = {2, 3, 4}
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## echo a - b # => {1}
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runnableExamples:
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assert {1, 2, 3} * {2, 3, 4} == {2, 3}
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proc contains*[T](x: set[T], y: T): bool {.magic: "InSet", noSideEffect.}
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## One should overload this proc if one wants to overload the ``in`` operator.
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func `+`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "PlusSet".} =
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## This operator computes the union of two sets.
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runnableExamples:
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assert {1, 2, 3} + {2, 3, 4} == {1, 2, 3, 4}
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func `-`*[T](x, y: set[T]): set[T] {.magic: "MinusSet".} =
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## This operator computes the difference of two sets.
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runnableExamples:
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assert {1, 2, 3} - {2, 3, 4} == {1}
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func contains*[T](x: set[T], y: T): bool {.magic: "InSet".} =
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## One should overload this proc if one wants to overload the `in` operator.
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##
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## The parameters are in reverse order! ``a in b`` is a template for
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## ``contains(b, a)``.
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## The parameters are in reverse order! `a in b` is a template for
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## `contains(b, a)`.
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## This is because the unification algorithm that Nim uses for overload
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## resolution works from left to right.
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## But for the ``in`` operator that would be the wrong direction for this
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## But for the `in` operator that would be the wrong direction for this
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## piece of code:
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##
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## .. code-block:: Nim
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## var s: set[range['a'..'z']] = {'a'..'c'}
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## assert s.contains('c')
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## assert 'b' in s
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##
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## If ``in`` had been declared as ``[T](elem: T, s: set[T])`` then ``T`` would
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## have been bound to ``char``. But ``s`` is not compatible to type
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## ``set[char]``! The solution is to bind ``T`` to ``range['a'..'z']``. This
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## is achieved by reversing the parameters for ``contains``; ``in`` then
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runnableExamples:
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var s: set[range['a'..'z']] = {'a'..'c'}
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assert s.contains('c')
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assert 'b' in s
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assert 'd' notin s
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assert set['a'..'z'] is set[range['a'..'z']]
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## If `in` had been declared as `[T](elem: T, s: set[T])` then `T` would
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## have been bound to `char`. But `s` is not compatible to type
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## `set[char]`! The solution is to bind `T` to `range['a'..'z']`. This
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## is achieved by reversing the parameters for `contains`; `in` then
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## passes its arguments in reverse order.
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