fixes #22852; fixes #23435; fixes #23645; SIGSEGV when slicing string or seq[T] with index out of range (#23279)

follow up https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/23013

fixes #22852
fixes #23435
fixes #23645

reports rangeDefect correctly

```nim
/workspaces/Nim/test9.nim(1) test9
/workspaces/Nim/lib/system/indices.nim(116) []
/workspaces/Nim/lib/system/fatal.nim(53) sysFatal
Error: unhandled exception: value out of range: -2 notin 0 .. 9223372036854775807 [RangeDefect]
```

(cherry picked from commit c615828ccb)

compiler/cgen.nim

@@ -1063,7 +1063,11 @@ proc allPathsAsgnResult(p: BProc; n: PNode): InitResultEnum =
       if result != Unknown: return result
   of nkAsgn, nkFastAsgn, nkSinkAsgn:
     if n[0].kind == nkSym and n[0].sym.kind == skResult:
-      if not containsResult(n[1]): result = InitSkippable
+      if not containsResult(n[1]):
+        if allPathsAsgnResult(p, n[1]) == InitRequired:
+          result = InitRequired
+        else:
+          result = InitSkippable
       else: result = InitRequired
     elif containsResult(n):
       result = InitRequired
@@ -1141,6 +1145,10 @@ proc allPathsAsgnResult(p: BProc; n: PNode): InitResultEnum =
         allPathsInBranch(n[i])
   of nkRaiseStmt:
     result = InitRequired
+  of nkChckRangeF, nkChckRange64, nkChckRange:
+    # TODO: more checks might need to be covered like overflow, indexDefect etc.
+    # bug #22852
+    result = InitRequired
   else:
     for i in 0..<n.safeLen:
       allPathsInBranch(n[i])