fix(vim.fs): fs.dir() may return nil "type" on some filesystems #39749

Problem:
Currently, only some filesystems (Btrfs, ext2, ext3, ext4) have full
support of accessing the `dirent` entry-type. On other filesystems,
`uv.fs_scandir_next` may return `nil` for an existing but unsupported
entry-type.

This means consumers (such as `fs.dir()`), cannot know if `nil` means
"non-existent" or "unsupported".

Solution:
Fall back to `uv.fs_lstat` when `etype` is `nil`; return "unknown" if it
fails.

runtime/lua/vim/fs.lua

@@ -147,6 +147,29 @@ function M.joinpath(...)
   return (path:gsub(iswin and '[/\\][/\\]*' or '//+', '/'))
 end
 
+--- Wrapper around `uv.fs_scandir_next()` that ensures a file type is returned.
+---
+--- @param fs uv.uv_fs_t
+--- @param path string
+--- @return string?
+--- @return string?
+local function fs_scandir_next(fs, path)
+  -- use uv.fs_lstat instead of uv.fs_stat to avoid descending into a symlink entry as a directory/file
+  local name, etype = uv.fs_scandir_next(fs)
+
+  if not name then
+    return
+  end
+
+  if etype == nil then
+    local stat = vim.uv.fs_lstat(M.joinpath(path, name))
+    -- Workaround #39612 https://github.com/luvit/luv/issues/660
+    etype = stat and stat.type or 'unknown'
+  end
+
+  return name, etype
+end
+
 --- @class vim.fs.dir.Opts
 --- @inlinedoc
 ---
@@ -190,7 +213,7 @@ function M.dir(path, opts)
       if not fs then
         return
       end
-      return uv.fs_scandir_next(fs)
+      return fs_scandir_next(fs, path)
     end
   end
 
@@ -203,7 +226,7 @@ function M.dir(path, opts)
       local dir = level == 1 and dir0 or M.joinpath(path, dir0)
       local fs = uv.fs_scandir(dir)
       while fs do
-        local name, t = uv.fs_scandir_next(fs)
+        local name, t = fs_scandir_next(fs, dir)
         if not name then
           break
         end

test/functional/lua/fs_spec.lua

@@ -252,6 +252,41 @@ describe('vim.fs', function()
         end)
       )
     end)
+
+    describe('fs_scandir_next fallback', function()
+      before_each(function()
+        mkdir('testdir')
+        t.write_file('testdir/test.txt', 'test file')
+      end)
+
+      after_each(function()
+        rmdir('testdir')
+      end)
+
+      it('falls back to fs_lstat when fs_scandir_next returns nil type', function()
+        local result = n.exec_lua([[
+          local orig = vim.uv.fs_scandir_next
+
+          vim.uv.fs_scandir_next = function(fs)
+            local name = orig(fs)
+            if name then
+              return name, nil
+            end
+            return name
+          end
+
+          local out = {}
+          for name, etype in vim.fs.dir('testdir') do
+            out[name] = etype
+          end
+
+          vim.uv.fs_scandir_next = orig
+          return out
+        ]])
+
+        eq('file', result['test.txt'])
+      end)
+    end)
   end)
 
   describe('find()', function()