tmux 2.8.

2.8.
2.8-rc.
2026-03-11 11:05:46 +00:00 · 2018-10-17 19:29:35 +01:00 · 2018-08-17 11:45:40 +01:00 · 2018-08-17 11:31:16 +01:00 · 2018-08-17 11:20:20 +01:00 · 2018-08-17 10:30:04 +01:00
149 changed files with 10743 additions and 6078 deletions
--- a/321
+++ b/321
@@ -1,4 +1,298 @@
-CHANGES FROM 2.3 to 2.4 20 April 2017
+CHANGES FROM 2.7 to 2.8
+
+* Make display-panes block the client until a pane is chosen or it
+  times out.
+
+* Clear history on RIS like most other terminals do.
+
+* Add an "Any" key to run a command if a key is pressed that is not
+  bound in the current key table.
+
+* Expand formats in load-buffer and save-buffer.
+
+* Add a rectangle_toggle format.
+
+* Add set-hook -R to run a hook immediately.
+
+* Add README.ja.
+
+* Add pane focus hooks.
+
+* Allow any punctuation as separator for s/x/y not only /.
+
+* Improve resizing with the mouse (fix resizing the wrong pane in some
+  layouts, and allow resizing multiple panes at the same time).
+
+* Allow , and } to be escaped in formats as #, and #}.
+
+* Add KRB5CCNAME to update-environment.
+
+* Change meaning of -c to display-message so the client is used if it
+  matches the session given to -t.
+
+* Fixes to : form of SGR.
+
+* Add x and X to choose-tree to kill sessions, windows or panes.
+
+CHANGES FROM 2.6 TO 2.7
+
+* Remove EVENT_* variables from environment on platforms where tmux uses them
+  so they do not pass on to panes.
+
+* Fixes for hooks at server exit.
+
+* Remove SGR 10 (was equivalent to SGR 0 but no other terminal seems to do
+  this).
+
+* Expand formats in window and session names.
+
+* Add -Z flag to choose-tree, choose-client, choose-buffer to automatically
+  zoom the pane when the mode is entered and unzoom when it exits, assuming the
+  pane is not already zoomed. This is now part of the default key bindings.
+
+* Add C-g to exit modes with emacs keys.
+
+* Add exit-empty option to exit server if no sessions (defaults to on).
+
+* Show if a filter is present in choose modes.
+
+* Add pipe-pane -I to to connect stdin of the child process.
+
+* Performance improvements for reflow.
+
+* Use RGB terminfo(5) capability to detect RGB colour terminals (the existing
+  Tc extension remains unchanged).
+
+* Support for ISO colon-separated SGR sequences.
+
+* Add select-layout -E to spread panes out evenly (bound to E key).
+
+* Support wide characters properly when reflowing.
+
+* Pass PWD to new panes as a hint to shells, as well as calling chdir().
+
+* Performance improvements for the various choose modes.
+
+* Only show first member of session groups in tree mode (-G flag to choose-tree
+  to show all).
+
+* Support %else in config files to match %if; from Brad Town in GitHub issue
+  1071.
+
+* Fix "kind" terminfo(5) capability to be S-Down not S-Up.
+
+* Add a box around the preview label in tree mode.
+
+* Show exit status and time in the remain-on-exit pane text; from Timo
+  Boettcher in GitHub issue 1103.
+
+* Correctly use pane-base-index in tree mode.
+
+* Change the allow-rename option default to off.
+
+* Support for xterm(1) title stack escape sequences (GitHub issue 1075 from
+  Brad Town).
+
+* Correctly remove padding cells to fix a UTF-8 display problem (GitHub issue
+  1090).
+
+CHANGES FROM 2.5 TO 2.6, 05 October 2017
+
+* Add select-pane -T to set pane title.
+
+* Fix memory leak when lines with BCE are removed from history.
+
+* Fix (again) the "prefer unattached" behaviour of attach-session.
+
+* Reorder how keys are checked to allow keys to be specified that have a
+  leading escape. GitHub issue 1048.
+
+* Support REP escape sequence (\033[b).
+
+* Run alert hooks based on options rather than always, and allow further bells
+  even if there is an existing bell.
+
+* Add -d flag to display-panes to override display-panes-time.
+
+* Add selection_present format when in copy mode (allows key bindings that do
+  something different if there is a selection).
+
+* Add pane_at_left, pane_at_right, pane_at_top and pane_at_bottom formats.
+
+* Make bell, activity and silence alerting more consistent by: removing the
+  bell-on-alert option; adding activity-action and silence-action options with
+  the same possible values as the existing bell-action; adding a "both" value
+  for the visual-bell, visual-activity and visual-silence options to trigger
+  both a bell and a message.
+
+* Add a pane_pipe format to show if pipe-pane is active.
+
+* Block signals between forking and resetting signal handlers so that the
+  libevent signal handler doesn't get called in the child and incorrectly write
+  into the signal pipe that it still shares with the parent. GitHub issue 1001.
+
+* Allow punctuation in pane_current_command.
+
+* Add -c for respawn-pane and respawn-window.
+
+* Wait for any remaining data to flush when a pane is closed while pipe-pane is
+  in use.
+
+* Fix working out current client with no target. GitHub issue 995.
+
+* Try to fallback to C.UTF-8 as well as en_US.UTF-8 when looking for a UTF-8
+  locale.
+
+* Add user-keys option for user-defined key escape sequences (mapped to User0
+  to User999 keys).
+
+* Add pane-set-clipboard hook.
+
+* FAQ file has moved out of repository to online.
+
+* Fix problem with high CPU usage when a client dies unexpectedly. GitHub issue
+  941.
+
+* Do a dance on OS X 10.10 and above to return tmux to the user namespace,
+  allowing access to the clipboard.
+
+* Do not allow escape sequences which expect a specific terminator (APC, DSC,
+  OSC) to wait for forever - use a small timeout. This reduces the chance of
+  the pane locking up completely when sent garbage (cat /dev/random or
+  similar).
+
+* Support SIGUSR2 to toggle logging on a running server, also generate the
+  "out" log file with -vv not -vvvv.
+
+* Make set-clipboard a three state option: on (tmux both sends to outside
+  terminal and accepts from applications inside); external (tmux sends outside
+  but does not accept inside); and off.
+
+* Fix OSC 4 palette setting for bright foreground colours. GitHub issue 954.
+
+* Use setrgbf and setrgbb terminfo(5) capabilities to set RGB colours, if they
+  are available. (Tc is still supported as well.)
+
+* Fix redrawing panes when they are resized several times but end up with the
+  size unchanged (for example, splitw/resizep -Z/breakp).
+
+* Major rewrite of choose mode. Now includes preview, sorting, searching and
+  tagging; commands that can be executed directly from the mode (for example,
+  to delete one or more buffers); and filtering in tree mode.
+
+* choose-window and choose-session are now aliases of choose-tree (in the
+  command-alias option).
+
+* Support OSC 10 and OSC 11 to set foreground and background colours.
+
+* Check the U8 capability to determine whether to use UTF-8 line drawing
+  characters for ACS.
+
+* Some missing notifications for layout changes.
+
+* Control mode clients now do not affect session sizes until they issue
+  refresh-client -C. new-session -x and -y works with control clients even if
+  the session is not detached.
+
+* All new sessions that are unattached (whether with -d or started with no
+  terminal) are now created with size 80 x 24. Whether the status line is on or
+  off does not affect the size of new sessions until they are attached.
+
+* Expand formats in option names and add -F flag to expand them in option values.
+
+* Remember the search string for a pane even if copy mode is exited and entered
+  again.
+
+* Some further BCE fixes (scroll up, reverse index).
+
+* Improvements to how terminals are cleared (entirely or partially).
+
+CHANGES FROM 2.4 TO 2.5, 09 May 2017
+
+* Reset updated flag when restarting #() command so that new output is properly
+  recognised. GitHub issue 922.
+
+* Fix ECH with a background colour.
+
+* Do not rely on the terminal not moving the cursor after DL or EL.
+
+* Fix send-keys and send-prefix in copy-mode (so C-b C-b works). GitHub issue
+  905.
+
+* Set the current pane for rotate-window so it works in command sequences.
+
+* Add pane_mode format.
+
+* Differentiate M-Up from Escape+Up when possible (that is, in terminals with
+  xterm(1) style function keys). GitHub issue 907.
+
+* Add session_stack and window_stack_index formats.
+
+* Some new control mode notifications and corresponding hooks:
+  pane-mode-changed, window-pane-changed, client-session-changed,
+  session-window-changed.
+
+* Format pane_search_string for last search term while in copy mode (useful
+  with command-prompt -I).
+
+* Fix a problem with high CPU usage and multiple clients with #(). GitHub issue
+  889.
+
+* Fix UTF-8 combining characters in column 0.
+
+* Fix reference counting so that panes are properly destroyed and their
+  processes killed.
+
+* Clamp SU (CSI S) parameter to work around a bug in Konsole.
+
+* Tweak line wrapping in full width panes to play more nicely with terminal
+  copy and paste.
+
+* Fix when we emit SGR 0 in capture-pane -e.
+
+* Do not change TERM until after config file parsing has finished, so that
+  commands run inside the config file can use it to make decisions (typically
+  about default-terminal).
+
+* Make the initial client wait until config file parsing has finished to avoid
+  racing with commands.
+
+* Fix core when if-shell fails.
+
+* Only use ED to clear screen if the pane is at the bottom.
+
+* Fix multibyte UTF-8 output.
+
+* Code improvements around target (-t) resolution.
+
+* Change how the default target (for commands without -t) is managed across
+  command sequences: now it is set up at the start and commands are required
+  to update it if needed. Fixes binding command sequences to mouse keys.
+
+* Make if-shell from the config file work correctly.
+
+* Change to always check the root key table if no binding is found in the
+  current table (prefix table or copy-mode table or whatever). This means that
+  root key bindings will take effect even in copy mode, if not overridden by a
+  copy mode key binding.
+
+* Fix so that the history file works again.
+
+* Run config file without a client rather than using the first client, restores
+  previous behaviour.
+
+* If a #() command doesn't exit, continue to read from it and use its last full
+  line of output.
+
+* Handle slow terminals and fast output better: when the amount of data
+  outstanding gets too large, discard output until it is drained and we are
+  able to do a full redraw. Prevents tmux sitting on a huge buffer that the
+  terminal will take forever to consume.
+
+* Do not redraw a client unless we realistically think it can accept the data -
+  defer redraws until the client has nothing else waiting to write.
+ 
+CHANGES FROM 2.3 TO 2.4, 20 April 2017

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -23,12 +317,12 @@ Incompatible Changes
    bind -Tcopy-mode C-Up send -X scroll-up
    bind -Tcopy-mode WheelUpPane send -N5 -X scroll-up

-  This changes allows the full command parser (including command sequences) and
+  These changes allows the full command parser (including command sequences) and
  command set to be used - for example, the normal command prompt with editing
  and history is now used for searching, jumping, and so on instead of a custom
  one. The default C-r binding is now:

-    bind -Tcopy-mode C-r command-prompt -p'search up' "send -X search-backward '%%'"
+    bind -Tcopy-mode C-r command-prompt -i -p'search up' "send -X search-backward-incremental '%%'"

  There are also some new commmands available with send -X, such as
  copy-pipe-and-cancel.
@@ -78,7 +372,7 @@ Normal Changes
  set -ag syntax should work without change).
 * There have been substantial performance improvements.

-CHANGES FROM 2.2 to 2.3 29 September 2016
+CHANGES FROM 2.2 TO 2.3, 29 September 2016

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -99,7 +393,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * 'display-panes' can now accept a command to run, rather than always
  selecting the pane.

-CHANGES FROM 2.1 to 2.2 10 April 2016
+CHANGES FROM 2.1 TO 2.2, 10 April 2016

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -164,8 +458,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * RGB (24bit) colour support.  The 'Tc' flag must be set in the external TERM
  entry (using terminal-overrides or a custom terminfo entry).

-
-CHANGES FROM 2.0 to 2.1 18 October 2015
+CHANGES FROM 2.0 TO 2.1, 18 October 2015

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -216,7 +509,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * Copy mode is exited if the history is cleared whilst in copy-mode.
 * 'copy-mode' learned '-e' to exit copy-mode when scrolling to end.

-CHANGES FROM 1.9a to 2.0 6 March 2015
+CHANGES FROM 1.9a TO 2.0, 06 March 2015

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -275,9 +568,9 @@ Normal Changes
 * 'split-window' and 'join-window' understand -b to create the pane to the left
  or above the target pane.

-CHANGES FROM 1.9 to 1.9a 22 February 2014
+CHANGES FROM 1.9 TO 1.9a, 22 February 2014

-NOTE:  This is a bug-fix release to address some important bugs which just
+NOTE: This is a bug-fix release to address some important bugs which just
 missed the 1.9 deadline, but were found afterwards.

 Normal Changes
@@ -286,7 +579,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * Fix crash due to uninitialized lastwp member of layout_cell
 * Fix -fg/-bg/-style with 256 colour terminals.  

-CHANGES FROM 1.8 to 1.9, 20 February 2014
+CHANGES FROM 1.8 TO 1.9, 20 February 2014

 NOTE:  This release has bumped the tmux protocol version.  It is therefore
 advised that the prior tmux server is restarted when this version of tmux is
@@ -341,7 +634,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * tmux now supports 256 colours running under fbterm.
 * Many bug fixes!

-CHANGES FROM 1.7 to 1.8, 26 March 2013
+CHANGES FROM 1.7 TO 1.8, 26 March 2013

 Incompatible Changes
 ====================
@@ -392,7 +685,7 @@ Normal Changes
 * Lots and lots of bug fixes, fixing memory-leaks, etc.
 * Various manpage improvements.

-CHANGES FROM 1.6 to 1.7, 13 October 2012
+CHANGES FROM 1.6 TO 1.7, 13 October 2012

 * tmux configuration files now support line-continuation with a "\" at the
  end of a line.
@@ -783,7 +1076,7 @@ CHANGES FROM 1.0 TO 1.1, 05 November 2009
 * xterm-keys rewrite.
 * Additional code reduction, and bug fixes.

-CHANGES FROM 0.9 TO 1.0, 20 Sept 2009
+CHANGES FROM 0.9 TO 1.0, 20 September 2009

 * Option to alter the format of the window title set by tmux.
 * Backoff for a while after multiple incorrect password attempts.
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ case before opening an issue.
 To run tmux without a config and get logs, run:

    tmux -Ltest kill-server
-    tmux -vvvv -Ltest -f/dev/null new
+    tmux -vv -Ltest -f/dev/null new

 Then reproduce the problem, exit tmux, and attach the tmux-server-*.log file
 from the current directory to the issue.
--- a/462
+++ b/462
@@ -1,462 +0,0 @@
-tmux frequently asked questions
-
-******************************************************************************
-* PLEASE NOTE: most display problems are due to incorrect TERM! Before       *
-* reporting problems make SURE that TERM settings are correct inside and     *
-* outside tmux.                                                              *
-*                                                                            *
-* Inside tmux TERM must be "screen" or similar (such as "screen-256color").  *
-* Don't bother reporting problems where it isn't!                            *
-*                                                                            *
-* Outside, it must match your terminal: particularly, use "rxvt" for rxvt    *
-* and derivatives.                                                           *
-******************************************************************************
-
-* How is tmux different from GNU screen?
-
-tmux and GNU screen have many similarities. Some of the main differences I am
-aware of are (bearing in mind I haven't used screen for a few years now):
-
- tmux uses a client-server model. Each server has single Unix domain socket in
-  /tmp and within one server there are multiple sessions which may be attached
-  to multiple clients (terminals).
-
-  This has advantages, notably: windows may be linked simultaneously to
-  multiple sessions; windows may be moved freely between sessions; and a client
-  may be switched between sessions easily (C-b D). There is one major
-  disadvantage: if the server crashes, game over, all sessions die. In
-  practice, however, tmux is quite stable and gets more so as people report any
-  bugs they hit :-).
-
-  This model is different from screen, where typically each new screen instance
-  is independent. tmux supports the same behaviour by using multiple servers
-  with the -L option but it is not typically recommended.
-
- Different command interfaces. One of the goals of tmux is that the shell
-  should be easily usable as a scripting language - almost all tmux commands
-  can be used from the shell and behave identically whether used from the
-  shell, from a key binding or from the command prompt. Personally I also find
-  tmux's command interface much more consistent and clearer, but this is
-  subjective.
-
- tmux calls window names (what you see in the status line) "names", screen
-  calls them "titles".
-
- tmux has a multiple paste buffers. Not a major one but comes in handy quite a
-  lot.
-
- tmux supports automatically renaming windows to the running application
-  without gross hacks using escape sequences. Its even on by default.
-
- tmux has a choice of vi or emacs key layouts. Again, not major, but I use
-  emacs so if tmux did support only one key set it would be emacs and then all
-  the vi users would get humpy. Key bindings may be completely reconfigured in
-  any case.
-
- tmux has an option to limit the window size.
-
- tmux has search in windows (C-b f).
-
- The window split (pane) model is different. tmux has two objects, windows and
-  panes; screen has just windows. This difference has several implications:
-
-  * In screen you can have a window appear in several layouts, in tmux a pane
-  can only be in one window (fixing this is a big todo item but quite
-  invasive).
-
-  * tmux layouts are immutable and do not get changed unless you modify them.
-
-  * In tmux, all panes are closed when you kill a window.
-
-  * tmux panes do not have individual names, titles and so on.
-
-  I think tmux's model is much easier to manage and navigate within a window,
-  but breaking panes off from and joining them to windows is more clumsy.
-
-  tmux also has support for preset pane layouts.
-
- tmux's status line syntax is more readable and easier to use. I think it'd be
-  hard for anyone to argue with this. tmux doesn't support running a command
-  constantly and always using the last line of its output, commands must be run
-  again each time.
-
- tmux has modern, easily extended code. Again hard to argue screen is better
-  if you have looked at the code.
-
- tmux depends on libevent. I don't see this as a disadvantage: libevent is
-  small and portable, and on modern systems with current package management
-  systems dependencies are not an issue. libevent brings advantages in code
-  simplicity and performance.
-
- screen allows the window to be bigger than the terminal and can pan around
-  it. tmux limits the size to the largest attached client. This is a big todo
-  item for tmux but it is not trivial.
-
- screen has builtin serial and telnet support; this is bloat and is unlikely
-  to be added to tmux.
-
- Environment handling is different.
-
- tmux tends to be more demanding on the terminal so tends to show up terminal
-  and application bugs which screen does not.
-
- screen has wider platform support, for example IRIX, and for odd terminals.
-
-* I found a bug! What do I do?
-
-Check the latest version of tmux from Git to see if the problem is still
-reproducible.  Sometimes the length of time between releases means a lot of
-fixes can be sitting in Git and the problem might already be fixed.
-
-Please send bug reports by email to nicholas.marriott@gmail.com or
-tmux-users@googlegroups.com. Please include as much of the following
-information as possible:
-
- the version of tmux you are running;
- the operating system you are using and its version;
- the terminal emulator you are using and the TERM setting when tmux was
-  started;
- a description of the problem;
- if the problem is repeatable, the steps to repeat the problem;
- for screen corruption issues, a screenshot and the output of "infocmp $TERM"
-  from outside tmux are often very useful.
-
-* Why doesn't tmux do $x?
-
-Please send feature requests by email to tmux-users@googlegroups.com.
-
-* Why do you use the screen terminal description inside tmux? It sucks.
-
-It is already widely available. It is planned to change to something else such
-as xterm-xfree86 at some point, if possible.
-
-* I don't see any colour in my terminal! Help!
-
-On some platforms, common terminal descriptions such as xterm do not include
-colour. screen ignores this, tmux does not. If the terminal emulator in use
-supports colour, use a value for TERM which correctly lists this, such as
-xterm-color.
-
-* tmux freezes my terminal when I attach to a session. I even have to kill -9
-  the shell it was started from to recover!
-
-Some consoles really really don't like attempts to set the window title. Tell
-tmux not to do this by turning off the "set-titles" option (you can do this
-in .tmux.conf):
-
-     set -g set-titles off
-
-If this doesn't fix it, send a bug report.
-
-* Why is C-b the prefix key? How do I change it?
-
-The default key is C-b because the prototype of tmux was originally developed
-inside screen and C-b was chosen not to clash with the screen meta key. It
-also has the advantage of not interfering with the use of C-a for start-of-line
-in emacs and the shell (although it does interfere with previous-character).
-
-Changing is simple: change the "prefix-key" option, and - if required - move
-the binding of the "send-prefix" command from C-b (C-b C-b sends C-b by
-default) to the new key. For example:
-
-	set -g prefix C-a
-	unbind C-b
-	bind C-a send-prefix
-
-* How do I use UTF-8?
-
-When running tmux in a UTF-8 capable terminal, UTF-8 must be turned on in tmux;
-as of release 0.9, tmux attempts to autodetect a UTF-8-capable terminal by
-checking the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LANG environment variables. list-clients may
-be used to check if this is detected correctly; if not, the -u command-line
-flag may be specified when creating or attaching a client to a tmux session:
-
-	$ tmux -u new
-
-Since the 1.0 release, tmux will turn on UTF-8 related options automatically
-(ie status-utf8, and utf8) if the above conditions are met.
-
-* How do I use a 256 colour terminal?
-
-Provided the underlying terminal supports 256 colours, it is usually sufficient
-to add the following to ~/.tmux.conf:
-
-	set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"
-
-Note that some platforms do not support "screen-256color" ("infocmp
-screen-256color" will return an error) - in this case see the next entry in
-this FAQ.
-
-tmux attempts to detect a 256 colour terminal both by looking at the colors
-terminfo entry and by looking for the string "256col" in the TERM environment
-variable.
-
-If both these methods fail, the -2 flag may be passed to tmux when attaching
-to a session to indicate the terminal supports 256 colours.
-
-* vim or $otherprogram doesn't display 256 colours. What's up?
-
-Some programs attempt to detect the number of colours a terminal is capable of
-by checking the colors terminfo or Co termcap entry. However, this is not
-reliable, and in any case is missing from the "screen" terminal description
-used inside tmux.
-
-There are two options (aside from using "screen-256color") to allow programs to
-recognise they are running on a 256-colour terminal inside tmux:
-
- Manually force the application to use 256 colours always or if TERM is set to
-  screen. For vim, you can do this by overriding the t_Co option, see
-  http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/256_colors_in_vim.
- Creating a custom terminfo file that includes colors#256 in ~/.terminfo and
-  using it instead. These may be compiled with tic(1).
-
-* How do I make Ctrl-PgUp and Ctrl-PgDn work in vim?
-
-tmux supports passing through ctrl (and where supported by the client terminal,
-alt and shift) modifiers to function keys using xterm(1)-style key sequences.
-This may be enabled per window, or globally with the tmux command:
-
-	setw -g xterm-keys on
-
-Because the TERM variable inside tmux must be set to "screen", vim will not
-automatically detect these keys are available; however, the appropriate key
-sequences can be overridden in .vimrc using the following:
-
-	if &term == "screen"
-	set t_kN=^[[6;*~
-	set t_kP=^[[5;*~
-	endif
-
-And similarly for any other keys for which modifiers are desired.
-
-Please note that the "xterm-keys" setting may affect other programs, in the
-same way as running them in a standard xterm; for example most shells do not
-expect to receive xterm(1)-style key sequences so this setting may prevent keys
-such as ctrl-left and ctrl-right working correctly. tmux also passes through
-the ctrl (bit 5 set, for example ^[[5~ to ^[[5^) modifier in non-xterm(1) mode;
-it may be possible to configure vim to accept these, an example of how to do so
-would be welcome.
-
-vim users may also want to set the "ttyfast" option inside tmux.
-
-* How do I make ctrl and shift arrow keys work in emacs?
-
-The terminal-init-screen function in term/screen.el is called for new frames,
-but it doesn't configure any function keys.
-
-If the tmux xterm-keys option is on, it is enough to define the same keys as
-xterm. Add the following to init.el or .emacs to do this:
-
-(defadvice terminal-init-screen
-  ;; The advice is named `tmux', and is run before `terminal-init-screen' runs.
-  (before tmux activate)
-  ;; Docstring.  This describes the advice and is made available inside emacs;
-  ;; for example when doing C-h f terminal-init-screen RET
-  "Apply xterm keymap, allowing use of keys passed through tmux."
-  ;; This is the elisp code that is run before `terminal-init-screen'.
-  (if (getenv "TMUX")
-    (let ((map (copy-keymap xterm-function-map)))
-    (set-keymap-parent map (keymap-parent input-decode-map))
-    (set-keymap-parent input-decode-map map))))
-
-And ensure .tmux.conf contains "set -g xterm-keys on".
-
-Alternatively, the screen.el file can be copied to the load path and
-customized.
-
-* Why doesn't elinks set the window title inside tmux?
-
-There isn't a way to detect if a terminal supports setting the window title, so
-elinks attempts to guess by looking at the environment. Rather than looking for
-TERM=screen, it uses the STY variable to detect if it is running in screen;
-tmux does not use this so the check fails. A workaround is to set STY before
-running elinks.
-
-The following shell function does this, and also clears the window title on
-exit (elinks, for some strange reason, sets it to the value of TERM):
-
-	elinks() {
-        	STY= `which elinks` $*
-	        echo -ne \\033]0\;\\007;
-	}
-
-* What is the proper way to escape characters with #(command)?
-
-When using the #(command) construction to include the output from a command in
-the status line, the command will be parsed twice. First, when it's read by the
-configuration file or the command-prompt parser, and second when the status
-line is being drawn and the command is passed to the shell. For example, to
-echo the string "(test)" to the status line, either single or double quotes
-could be used:
-
-	set -g status-right "#(echo \\\\(test\\\\))"
-	set -g status-right '#(echo \\\(test\\\))'
-
-In both cases, the status-right option will be set to the string "#(echo
-\\(test\\))" and the command executed will be "echo \(test\)".
-
-* tmux uses too much CPU. What do I do?
-
-Automatic window renaming may use a lot of CPU, particularly on slow computers:
-if this is a problem, turn it off with "setw -g automatic-rename off". If this
-doesn't fix it, please report the problem.
-
-* I use PuTTY and my tmux window pane separators are all qqqqqqqqq's! 
-
-PuTTY is using a character set translation that doesn't support ACS line
-drawing. With a Unicode font, try setting PuTTY to use a different translation
-on the Window -> Translation configuration page. For example, change UTF-8 to
-ISO-8859-1 or CP437. It may also be necessary to adjust the way PuTTY treats
-line drawing characters in the lower part of the same configuration page.
-
-* What is the best way to display the load average? Why no #L?
-
-It isn't possible to get the load average portably in code and it is preferable
-not to add portability goop. The following works on at least Linux, *BSD and OS
-X:
-
-uptime|awk '{split(substr($0, index($0, "load")), a, ":"); print a[2]}'
-
-* How do I attach the same session to multiple clients but with a different
-  current window, like screen -x?
-
-One or more of the windows can be linked into multiple sessions manually with
-link-window, or a grouped session with all the windows can be created with
-new-session -t.
-
-* Ctrl and arrow keys doesn't work in putty! What do I do?
-
-putty inverts the sense of the cursor key mode on ctrl, which is a bit hard for
-tmux to detect properly. To get ctrl keys right, change the terminfo settings
-so kUP5 (Ctrl-Up etc) are the adjusted versions, and disable smkx/rmkx so tmux
-doesn't change the mode. For example with this line in .tmux.conf (assuming you
-have TERM set to xterm):
-
-set -g terminal-overrides "xterm*:kLFT5=\eOD:kRIT5=\eOC:kUP5=\eOA:kDN5=\eOB:smkx@:rmkx@"
-
-Note that this will only work in tmux 1.2 and above.
-
-* How can I blank the tmux window?
-
-GNU screen has a feature whereby it will blank the screen after a period of
-inactivity. To do the same thing in tmux, use the lock-command setting, for
-example (with GNU bash):
-
-set -g lock-command 'tput civis && read -s -n1'
-
-This will remove the cursor and tell the shell to quit once a key has been
-pressed. For zsh, use "read -s -k1".
-
-In addition, it's possible to have both blanking and locking (for instance via
-lock(1) or vlock(1)) by using the following:
-
-bind x set lock-command '/usr/bin/vlock' \; lock-client \; set lock-command 'tput civis && read -s -n1'
-
-* I don't see italics! Or less and vim show italics and reverse the wrong way round!
-
-GNU screen does not support italics and the "screen" terminfo description uses
-the italics escape sequence incorrectly.
-
-As of tmux 2.1, if default-terminal is set to "screen" or matches "screen-*",
-tmux will behave like screen and italics will be disabled.
-
-To enable italics, create a new terminfo entry called "tmux" (some platforms
-may already have this, you can check with "infocmp tmux"):
-
-	$ cat <<EOF|tic -x -
-	tmux|tmux terminal multiplexer,
-		ritm=\E[23m, rmso=\E[27m, sitm=\E[3m, smso=\E[7m, Ms@,
-		use=xterm+tmux, use=screen,
-
-	tmux-256color|tmux with 256 colors,
-		use=xterm+256setaf, use=tmux,
-	EOF
-	$
-
-And tell tmux to use it in ~/.tmux.conf:
-	
-	set -g default-terminal "tmux"
-
-If using urxvt, make sure you have an italics capable font enabled. for
-example, add to ~/.Xdefaults:
-
-	urxvt.italicFont: xft:Bitstream Vera Sans Mono:italic:autohint=true
-
-* How can I make tmux use my terminal's scrollback buffer?
-
-Normally, tmux enables the terminal's "alternate screen". Most terminals (such
-as xterm) do not save scrollback for the alternate screen. You might prefer
-tmux to use the normal screen, so it uses your terminal's scrollback
-buffer. This way, you can access the scrollback buffer as usual, for example
-using the mouse wheel - although there is no guarantee output inside tmux will
-always (or ever) be added to the scrollback.
-
-You can make tmux use the normal screen by telling it that your terminal does
-not have an alternate screen. Put the following in ~/.tmux.conf:
-
-        set -ga terminal-overrides ',xterm*:smcup@:rmcup@'
-
-Adjust if your $TERM does not start with xterm.
-
-tmux will still emulate the alternate screen for applications run under tmux,
-so you don't really lose anything with this setting. The only disadvantage is
-that when you exit tmux, it will not restore whatever was there before you
-started.
-
-* How do I see the default configuration?
-
-Show the default session options by starting a new tmux server with no
-configuration file:
-
-        $ tmux -Lfoo -f/dev/null start\; show -g
-
-Or the default window options:
-
-        $ tmux -Lfoo -f/dev/null start\; show -gw
-
-* How do I copy a selection from tmux to the system's clipboard?
-
-When running in xterm(1), tmux can automatically send copied text to the
-clipboard. This is controlled by the set-clipboard option and also needs this
-X resource to be set:
-
-	XTerm*disallowedWindowOps: 20,21,SetXprop
-
-For rxvt-unicode (urxvt), there is an unofficial Perl extension here:
-
-        http://anti.teamidiot.de/static/nei/*/Code/urxvt/
-
-Otherwise a key binding for copy mode using xclip (or xsel) works:
-
-	bind -temacs-copy C-y copy-pipe "xclip -i >/dev/null"
-
-Or for inside and outside copy mode with the prefix key:
-
-        bind C-y run -b "tmux save-buffer - | xclip -i"
-
-On OS X, look at the pbcopy(1) and pbpaste(1) commands.
-
-* Why don't some commands work inside tmux on OS X?
-
-Apple requires some undocumented, unsupported fiddling to allow commands that
-interact with the GUI to work. Neither tmux itself nor most shells do this, so
-an external program is required. This can be found here:
-
-        https://github.com/ChrisJohnsen/tmux-MacOSX-pasteboard
-
-Affected commands may include say(1), pbcopy(1), pbpaste(1) and ssh(1).
-
-* Why do I see dots around a session when I attach to it?
-
-tmux limits the size of the window to the smallest attached session. If
-it didn't do this then it would be impossible to see the entire window.
-The dots mark the size of the window tmux can display.
-
-To avoid this, detach all other clients when attaching:
-
-	$ tmux attach -d
-
-Or from inside tmux by detaching individual clients with C-b D or all
-using:
-
-	C-b : attach -d
--- a/Makefile.am
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -6,10 +6,8 @@ CLEANFILES = tmux.1.mdoc tmux.1.man

 # Distribution tarball options.
 EXTRA_DIST = \
-	CHANGES FAQ README TODO COPYING example_tmux.conf compat/*.[ch] \
+	CHANGES README README.ja COPYING example_tmux.conf compat/*.[ch] \
 	osdep-*.c mdoc2man.awk tmux.1
-dist-hook:
-	grep "^#enable_debug=" configure

 # Preprocessor flags.
 AM_CPPFLAGS += @XOPEN_DEFINES@ -DTMUX_CONF="\"$(sysconfdir)/tmux.conf\""
@@ -68,8 +66,6 @@ dist_tmux_SOURCES = \
 	cmd-bind-key.c \
 	cmd-break-pane.c \
 	cmd-capture-pane.c \
-	cmd-choose-buffer.c \
-	cmd-choose-client.c \
 	cmd-choose-tree.c \
 	cmd-command-prompt.c \
 	cmd-confirm-before.c \
@@ -147,13 +143,13 @@ dist_tmux_SOURCES = \
 	layout-set.c \
 	layout.c \
 	log.c \
+	mode-tree.c \
 	names.c \
 	notify.c \
 	options-table.c \
 	options.c \
 	paste.c \
 	proc.c \
-	pty.c \
 	resize.c \
 	screen-redraw.c \
 	screen-write.c \
@@ -162,7 +158,6 @@ dist_tmux_SOURCES = \
 	server-fn.c \
 	server.c \
 	session.c \
-	signal.c \
 	status.c \
 	style.c \
 	tmux.c \
@@ -172,9 +167,11 @@ dist_tmux_SOURCES = \
 	tty-term.c \
 	tty.c \
 	utf8.c \
-	window-choose.c \
+	window-buffer.c \
+	window-client.c \
 	window-clock.c \
 	window-copy.c \
+	window-tree.c \
 	window.c \
 	xmalloc.c \
 	xmalloc.h \
--- a/20
+++ b/20
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 Welcome to tmux!

-tmux is a "terminal multiplexer", it enables a number of terminals (or windows)
-to be accessed and controlled from a single terminal. tmux is intended to be a
-simple, modern, BSD-licensed alternative to programs such as GNU screen.
+tmux is a terminal multiplexer: it enables a number of terminals to be created,
+accessed, and controlled from a single screen. tmux may be detached from a
+screen and continue running in the background, then later reattached.

 This release runs on OpenBSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Linux, OS X and Solaris.

@@ -29,21 +29,19 @@ To get and build the latest from version control:
 	$ sh autogen.sh
 	$ ./configure && make

+(Note that this requires at least a working C compiler, make, autoconf,
+automake, pkg-config as well as libevent and ncurses libraries and headers.)
+
 For more information see http://git-scm.com. Patches should be sent by email to
-the mailing list at tmux-users@googlegroups.com.
+the mailing list at tmux-users@googlegroups.com or submitted through GitHub at
+https://github.com/tmux/tmux/issues.

 For documentation on using tmux, see the tmux.1 manpage. It can be viewed from
 the source tree with:

 	$ nroff -mdoc tmux.1|less

-Some common questions are answered in the FAQ file, a rough todo list is in the
-TODO file and an example configuration in example_tmux.conf.
-
-A vim(1) syntax file is available at:
-
-	https://github.com/ericpruitt/tmux.vim
-	https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ericpruitt/tmux.vim/master/vim/syntax/tmux.vim
+A small example configuration in example_tmux.conf.

 And a bash(1) completion file at:

--- a/README.ja
+++ b/README.ja
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+tmuxへようこそ!
+
+tmuxはターミナルマルチプレクサーです。複数のターミナルを一つのスクリーン内に作成し、操作することができます。
+バックグラウンドで処理を実行中に一度スクリーンから離れて後から復帰することも可能です。
+
+OpenBSD、FreeBSD、NetBSD、Linux、OS X、Solarisで実行できます。
+
+tmuxはlibevent 2.x.に依存します。 下記からダウンロードしてください。
+
+	http://libevent.org
+
+また、ncursesも必要です。こちらからどうぞ。
+
+	http://invisible-island.net/ncurses/
+
+tarballでのtmuxのビルドとインストール方法。
+
+	$ ./configure && make
+	$ sudo make install
+
+tmuxはutmp(5)をアップデートするためにutempterを使うことができます。もしインストール済みであればオプション「--enable-utempter」をつけて実行してください。
+
+リポジトリから最新バージョンを手に入れるためには下記を実行。
+
+	$ git clone https://github.com/tmux/tmux.git
+	$ cd tmux
+	$ sh autogen.sh
+	$ ./configure && make
+
+(ビルドのためにはlibevent、ncurses libraries、headersに加えて、C compiler、make、autoconf、automake、pkg-configが必要です。)
+
+詳しい情報はhttp://git-scm.comをご覧ください。修正はメール<tmux-users@googlegroups.com>宛、もしくはhttps://github.com/tmux/tmux/issuesにて受け付けています。
+
+tmuxのドキュメントについてはtmux.1マニュアルをご覧ください。こちらのコマンドで参照可能です。
+
+	$ nroff -mdoc tmux.1|less
+
+サンプル設定は本リポジトリのexample_tmux.confに
+また、bash-completionファイルは下記にあります。
+
+	https://github.com/imomaliev/tmux-bash-completion
+
+「-v」や「-vv」を指定することでデバッグモードでの起動が可能です。カレントディレクトリにサーバーやクライアントのログファイルが生成されます。
+
+議論やバグレポート用のメーリングリストにはこちらから参加可能です。
+
+	https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/tmux-users
+
+gitコミットについての連絡先
+
+	https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/tmux-git
+
+購読は<tmux-users+subscribe@googlegroups.com>までメールをお願いします。
+
+バグレポートや機能追加(特にコードへの貢献)は大歓迎です。こちらにご連絡ください。
+
+	tmux-users@googlegroups.com
+
+本ファイル、CHANGES、 FAQ、SYNCINGそしてTODOはISC licenseで保護されています。
+その他のファイルのライセンスや著作権については、ファイルの上部に明記されています。
+
+-- Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
--- a/19
+++ b/19
@@ -140,15 +140,13 @@ to compat/ as and when appropriate.
 Release tmux for next version
 =============================

-1. Comment the "enable_debug=yes" line in configure.ac, since releases
-   don't have debugging enabled, otherwise make(1) aborts when
-   preparing the distribution.
-
-2. Update and commit README and CHANGES.  The former should be checked for
+1. Update and commit README and CHANGES.  The former should be checked for
   anything outdated and updated with a list of things that might break
   upgrades and the latter should mention all the major changes since
   the last version.

+2. Make sure configure.ac has the new version number.
+
 3. Tag with:

   % git tag -a 2.X
@@ -157,7 +155,7 @@ Release tmux for next version

   Push the tag out with:

-   % git push 2.X
+   % git push --tags

 4. Build the tarball with 'make dist'.

@@ -168,9 +166,8 @@ Release tmux for next version
   Click the "Add release notes", upload the tarball and add a link in the
   description field to the CHANGES file.

-7. Clone the tmux.github.io repository, and change the RELEASE version in
-   the Makefile.  Commit it, and run 'make' to replace %%VERSION%%.  Push
-   the result out.
+6. Clone the tmux.github.io repository, and change the RELEASE version in the
+   Makefile.  Commit it, and run 'make' to replace %%RELEASE%%.  Push the
+   result out.

-8. Bump version in tmux/tmux.git configure.ac and uncomment "enable_debug=yes" to
-   create a debug build by default.
+7. Change version back to master in configure.ac.
--- a/39
+++ b/39
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 - command bits and pieces:
 	* allow multiple targets: fnmatch for -t/-c, for example detach all
 	  clients with -t*
-	* add -c for new-session like new-window
 	* ' and " should be parsed the same (eg "\e" vs '\e') in config
 	  and command prompt
 	* last-pane across sessions
@@ -22,14 +21,8 @@
 	* formats to show if a window is linked into multiple sessions, into
 	  multiple attached sessions, and is the active window in multiple
 	  attached sessions?
-
- choose mode improvements:
-	* choose-pane command (augment choose-tree to do this?)
-	* flag to choose-* for sort order
-	* two choices (first one then second, for swap-pane and join-pane)
-	* choose modes should ditch the key bindings and just have fixed keys, and
-	  be more customized to their purpose (d to delete a buffer for choose-buffer,
-	  a preview of buffer contents, etc)
+	* comparison operators like < and > (for #{version}?)
+	* %else statement in config file

 - improve monitor-*:
 	* straighten out rules for multiple clients
@@ -53,8 +46,10 @@
 	  then it should be found even if it is now "foo\nbar" (if the WRAP flag
 	  is set on the line)
 	* capture-pane option to preserve spaces but not join lines
-	* improve word and line selection in copy mode (for example when dragging
-	  it should select by word. compare how xterm works. GitHub issue 682)
+	* improve word and line selection in copy mode (for example when
+	  dragging it should select by word. compare how xterm works. GitHub
+	  issue 682)
+	* key to search for word under cursor (GitHub issue 1240)

 - layout stuff
 	* way to tag a layout as a number/name
@@ -70,6 +65,8 @@
 	* a mode where one application can cross two panes (ie x|y, width =
 	  COLUMNS/2 but height = ROWS * 2)
 	* separate active panes for different clients
+	* way to choose where the freed space goes when a pane is killed:
+	  option to kill-pane? GitHub issue 918

 - code cleanup
 	* instead of separate window and session options, just one master
@@ -100,7 +97,6 @@
 	  client w/o a session else cmd_current_client

 - miscellaneous
-	* way to keep a job running just read its last line of output for #()
 	* link panes into multiple windows
 	* live update: server started with -U connects to server, requests
 	  sessions and windows, receives file descriptors
@@ -113,10 +109,25 @@
 	* marks in history, automatically add (move?) one when pane is changed
 	* this doesn't work, need pane reference count probably:
 	  bind -n DoubleClick3Status confirm-before -p "kill-window #I? (y/n)" kill-window
+	* respawn -c flag same as neww etc
+	* marker lines in history (GitHub issue 1042)
+	* tree mode stuff: make command prompt (:) common code so all modes get it,
+	  predefined filters, tag-all key, ...
+	* drag panes and windows around to move/swap them in choose mode

 - hooks
 	* more hooks for various things
-	* finish after hooks for special commands
+	* finish after hooks for special commands. these do not have a hook at
+	  the moment:
+		 attach-session detach-client kill-server respawn-window
+		 swap-window break-pane find-window kill-session rotate-window
+		 switch-client choose-tree if-shell kill-window run-shell
+		 wait-for command-prompt join-pane move-window source-file
+		 confirm-before kill-pane respawn-pane swap-pane
+	  at the moment AFTERHOOK uses current only if target is not valid,
+	  but target is ALWAYS valid - it should use current if no -t flag?
+	  then select-* could use AFTERHOOK
 	* multiple hooks with the same name?
 	* finish hooks for notifys
-	* for session_closed, if no sessions at all, perhaps fake up a temporary one
+	* for session_closed, if no sessions at all, perhaps fake up a
+	  temporary one
--- a/alerts.c
+++ b/alerts.c
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ static int	alerts_enabled(struct window *, int);
 static void	alerts_callback(int, short, void *);
 static void	alerts_reset(struct window *);

+static int	alerts_action_applies(struct winlink *, const char *);
 static int	alerts_check_all(struct window *);
 static int	alerts_check_bell(struct window *);
 static int	alerts_check_activity(struct window *);
 static int	alerts_check_silence(struct window *);
-static void printflike(2, 3) alerts_set_message(struct session *, const char *,
-		    ...);
-static void	alerts_ring_bell(struct session *);
+static void	alerts_set_message(struct winlink *, const char *,
+		    const char *);

 static TAILQ_HEAD(, window) alerts_list = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(alerts_list);

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ alerts_timer(__unused int fd, __unused short events, void *arg)
 	struct window	*w = arg;

 	log_debug("@%u alerts timer expired", w->id);
-	alerts_reset(w);
 	alerts_queue(w, WINDOW_SILENCE);
 }

@@ -64,17 +63,38 @@ alerts_callback(__unused int fd, __unused short events, __unused void *arg)
 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&alerts_list, w, alerts_entry);

 		w->flags &= ~WINDOW_ALERTFLAGS;
-		window_remove_ref(w);
+		window_remove_ref(w, __func__);
 	}
 	alerts_fired = 0;
 }

+static int
+alerts_action_applies(struct winlink *wl, const char *name)
+{
+	int	action;
+
+	/*
+	 * {bell,activity,silence}-action determines when to alert: none means
+	 * nothing happens, current means only do something for the current
+	 * window and other means only for windows other than the current.
+	 */
+
+	action = options_get_number(wl->session->options, name);
+	if (action == ALERT_ANY)
+		return (1);
+	if (action == ALERT_CURRENT)
+		return (wl == wl->session->curw);
+	if (action == ALERT_OTHER)
+		return (wl != wl->session->curw);
+	return (0);
+}
+
 static int
 alerts_check_all(struct window *w)
 {
 	int	alerts;

-	alerts  = alerts_check_bell(w);
+	alerts	= alerts_check_bell(w);
 	alerts |= alerts_check_activity(w);
 	alerts |= alerts_check_silence(w);
 	return (alerts);
@@ -92,8 +112,10 @@ alerts_check_session(struct session *s)
 static int
 alerts_enabled(struct window *w, int flags)
 {
-	if (flags & WINDOW_BELL)
-		return (1);
+	if (flags & WINDOW_BELL) {
+		if (options_get_number(w->options, "monitor-bell"))
+			return (1);
+	}
 	if (flags & WINDOW_ACTIVITY) {
 		if (options_get_number(w->options, "monitor-activity"))
 			return (1);
@@ -119,6 +141,9 @@ alerts_reset(struct window *w)
 {
 	struct timeval	tv;

+	if (!event_initialized(&w->alerts_timer))
+		evtimer_set(&w->alerts_timer, alerts_timer, w);
+
 	w->flags &= ~WINDOW_SILENCE;
 	event_del(&w->alerts_timer);

@@ -133,85 +158,61 @@ alerts_reset(struct window *w)
 void
 alerts_queue(struct window *w, int flags)
 {
-	if (w->flags & WINDOW_ACTIVITY)
-		alerts_reset(w);
-
-	if (!event_initialized(&w->alerts_timer))
-		evtimer_set(&w->alerts_timer, alerts_timer, w);
+	alerts_reset(w);

 	if ((w->flags & flags) != flags) {
 		w->flags |= flags;
 		log_debug("@%u alerts flags added %#x", w->id, flags);
 	}

-	if (!w->alerts_queued) {
-		w->alerts_queued = 1;
-		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&alerts_list, w, alerts_entry);
-		w->references++;
-	}
+	if (alerts_enabled(w, flags)) {
+		if (!w->alerts_queued) {
+			w->alerts_queued = 1;
+			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&alerts_list, w, alerts_entry);
+			window_add_ref(w, __func__);
+		}

-	if (!alerts_fired && alerts_enabled(w, flags)) {
-		log_debug("alerts check queued (by @%u)", w->id);
-		event_once(-1, EV_TIMEOUT, alerts_callback, NULL, NULL);
-		alerts_fired = 1;
+		if (!alerts_fired) {
+			log_debug("alerts check queued (by @%u)", w->id);
+			event_once(-1, EV_TIMEOUT, alerts_callback, NULL, NULL);
+			alerts_fired = 1;
+		}
 	}
 }

 static int
 alerts_check_bell(struct window *w)
 {
-	struct window	*ws;
 	struct winlink	*wl;
 	struct session	*s;
-	struct client	*c;
-	int		 action, visual;

 	if (~w->flags & WINDOW_BELL)
 		return (0);
+	if (!options_get_number(w->options, "monitor-bell"))
+		return (0);

 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wl, &w->winlinks, wentry)
 		wl->session->flags &= ~SESSION_ALERTED;

 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wl, &w->winlinks, wentry) {
-		if (wl->flags & WINLINK_BELL)
-			continue;
+		/*
+		 * Bells are allowed even if there is an existing bell (so do
+		 * not check WINLINK_BELL).
+		 */
 		s = wl->session;
 		if (s->curw != wl) {
 			wl->flags |= WINLINK_BELL;
-			notify_winlink("alert-bell", s, wl);
+			server_status_session(s);
 		}
+		if (!alerts_action_applies(wl, "bell-action"))
+			continue;
+		notify_winlink("alert-bell", wl);

 		if (s->flags & SESSION_ALERTED)
 			continue;
 		s->flags |= SESSION_ALERTED;

-		action = options_get_number(s->options, "bell-action");
-		if (action == BELL_NONE)
-			return (0);
-
-		visual = options_get_number(s->options, "visual-bell");
-		TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-			if (c->session != s || c->flags & CLIENT_CONTROL)
-				continue;
-			ws = c->session->curw->window;
-
-			if (action == BELL_CURRENT && ws != w)
-				action = BELL_NONE;
-			if (action == BELL_OTHER && ws != w)
-				action = BELL_NONE;
-
-			if (!visual) {
-				if (action != BELL_NONE)
-					tty_putcode(&c->tty, TTYC_BEL);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (action == BELL_CURRENT)
-				status_message_set(c, "Bell in current window");
-			else if (action != BELL_NONE) {
-				status_message_set(c, "Bell in window %d",
-				    wl->idx);
-			}
-		}
+		alerts_set_message(wl, "Bell", "visual-bell");
 	}

 	return (WINDOW_BELL);
@@ -235,20 +236,19 @@ alerts_check_activity(struct window *w)
 		if (wl->flags & WINLINK_ACTIVITY)
 			continue;
 		s = wl->session;
-		if (s->curw == wl)
+		if (s->curw != wl) {
+			wl->flags |= WINLINK_ACTIVITY;
+			server_status_session(s);
+		}
+		if (!alerts_action_applies(wl, "activity-action"))
 			continue;
-
-		wl->flags |= WINLINK_ACTIVITY;
-		notify_winlink("alert-activity", s, wl);
+		notify_winlink("alert-activity", wl);

 		if (s->flags & SESSION_ALERTED)
 			continue;
 		s->flags |= SESSION_ALERTED;

-		if (options_get_number(s->options, "bell-on-alert"))
-			alerts_ring_bell(s);
-		if (options_get_number(s->options, "visual-activity"))
-			alerts_set_message(s, "Activity in window %d", wl->idx);
+		alerts_set_message(wl, "Activity", "visual-activity");
 	}

 	return (WINDOW_ACTIVITY);
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ alerts_check_silence(struct window *w)

 	if (~w->flags & WINDOW_SILENCE)
 		return (0);
-	if (!options_get_number(w->options, "monitor-silence"))
+	if (options_get_number(w->options, "monitor-silence") == 0)
 		return (0);

 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wl, &w->winlinks, wentry)
@@ -272,51 +272,52 @@ alerts_check_silence(struct window *w)
 		if (wl->flags & WINLINK_SILENCE)
 			continue;
 		s = wl->session;
-		if (s->curw == wl)
+		if (s->curw != wl) {
+			wl->flags |= WINLINK_SILENCE;
+			server_status_session(s);
+		}
+		if (!alerts_action_applies(wl, "silence-action"))
 			continue;
-		wl->flags |= WINLINK_SILENCE;
-		notify_winlink("alert-silence", s, wl);
+		notify_winlink("alert-silence", wl);

 		if (s->flags & SESSION_ALERTED)
 			continue;
 		s->flags |= SESSION_ALERTED;

-		if (options_get_number(s->options, "bell-on-alert"))
-			alerts_ring_bell(s);
-
-		if (!options_get_number(s->options, "visual-silence"))
-			alerts_set_message(s, "Silence in window %d", wl->idx);
+		alerts_set_message(wl, "Silence", "visual-silence");
 	}

 	return (WINDOW_SILENCE);
 }

 static void
-alerts_set_message(struct session *s, const char *fmt, ...)
+alerts_set_message(struct winlink *wl, const char *type, const char *option)
 {
 	struct client	*c;
-	va_list		 ap;
-	char		*message;
+	int		 visual;

-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	xvasprintf(&message, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
+	/*
+	 * We have found an alert (bell, activity or silence), so we need to
+	 * pass it on to the user. For each client attached to this session,
+	 * decide whether a bell, message or both is needed.
+	 *
+	 * If visual-{bell,activity,silence} is on, then a message is
+	 * substituted for a bell; if it is off, a bell is sent as normal; both
+	 * mean both a bell and message is sent.
+	 */

+	visual = options_get_number(wl->session->options, option);
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-		if (c->session == s)
-			status_message_set(c, "%s", message);
-	}
+		if (c->session != wl->session || c->flags & CLIENT_CONTROL)
+			continue;

-	free(message);
-}
-
-static void
-alerts_ring_bell(struct session *s)
-{
-	struct client	*c;
-
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-		if (c->session == s && !(c->flags & CLIENT_CONTROL))
+		if (visual == VISUAL_OFF || visual == VISUAL_BOTH)
 			tty_putcode(&c->tty, TTYC_BEL);
+		if (visual == VISUAL_OFF)
+			continue;
+		if (c->session->curw == wl)
+			status_message_set(c, "%s in current window", type);
+		else
+			status_message_set(c, "%s in window %d", type, wl->idx);
 	}
 }
--- a/arguments.c
+++ b/arguments.c
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ struct args_entry {
 	RB_ENTRY(args_entry)	 entry;
 };

-static void			 args_set(struct args *, u_char, const char *);
 static struct args_entry	*args_find(struct args *, u_char);

 static int	args_cmp(struct args_entry *, struct args_entry *);
@@ -191,11 +190,11 @@ args_print(struct args *args)
 int
 args_has(struct args *args, u_char ch)
 {
-	return (args_find(args, ch) == NULL ? 0 : 1);
+	return (args_find(args, ch) != NULL);
 }

 /* Set argument value in the arguments tree. */
-static void
+void
 args_set(struct args *args, u_char ch, const char *value)
 {
 	struct args_entry	*entry;
--- a/cfg.c
+++ b/cfg.c
@@ -23,15 +23,33 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>

 #include "tmux.h"

-static char	 *cfg_file;
-int		  cfg_finished;
-static char	**cfg_causes;
-static u_int	  cfg_ncauses;
-struct client	 *cfg_client;
+/* Condition for %if, %elif, %else and %endif. */
+struct cfg_cond {
+	size_t			line;		/* line number of %if */
+	int			met;		/* condition was met */
+	int			skip;		/* skip later %elif/%else */
+	int			saw_else;	/* saw a %else */
+
+	TAILQ_ENTRY(cfg_cond)	entry;
+};
+TAILQ_HEAD(cfg_conds, cfg_cond);
+
+static char		 *cfg_file;
+int			  cfg_finished;
+static char		**cfg_causes;
+static u_int		  cfg_ncauses;
+static struct cmdq_item	 *cfg_item;
+
+static enum cmd_retval
+cfg_client_done(__unused struct cmdq_item *item, __unused void *data)
+{
+	if (!cfg_finished)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_WAIT);
+	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+}

 static enum cmd_retval
 cfg_done(__unused struct cmdq_item *item, __unused void *data)
@@ -43,8 +61,11 @@ cfg_done(__unused struct cmdq_item *item, __unused void *data)
 	if (!RB_EMPTY(&sessions))
 		cfg_show_causes(RB_MIN(sessions, &sessions));

-	if (cfg_client != NULL)
-		server_client_unref(cfg_client);
+	if (cfg_item != NULL)
+		cfg_item->flags &= ~CMDQ_WAITING;
+
+	status_prompt_load_history();
+
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }

@@ -60,21 +81,153 @@ start_cfg(void)
 {
 	const char	*home;
 	int		 quiet = 0;
+	struct client	*c;

-	cfg_client = TAILQ_FIRST(&clients);
-	if (cfg_client != NULL)
-		cfg_client->references++;
+	/*
+	 * Configuration files are loaded without a client, so NULL is passed
+	 * into load_cfg() and commands run in the global queue with
+	 * item->client NULL.
+	 *
+	 * However, we must block the initial client (but just the initial
+	 * client) so that its command runs after the configuration is loaded.
+	 * Because start_cfg() is called so early, we can be sure the client's
+	 * command queue is currently empty and our callback will be at the
+	 * front - we need to get in before MSG_COMMAND.
+	 */
+	c = TAILQ_FIRST(&clients);
+	if (c != NULL) {
+		cfg_item = cmdq_get_callback(cfg_client_done, NULL);
+		cmdq_append(c, cfg_item);
+	}

-	load_cfg(TMUX_CONF, cfg_client, NULL, 1);
+	load_cfg(TMUX_CONF, NULL, NULL, 1);

 	if (cfg_file == NULL && (home = find_home()) != NULL) {
 		xasprintf(&cfg_file, "%s/.tmux.conf", home);
 		quiet = 1;
 	}
 	if (cfg_file != NULL)
-		load_cfg(cfg_file, cfg_client, NULL, quiet);
+		load_cfg(cfg_file, NULL, NULL, quiet);

-	cmdq_append(cfg_client, cmdq_get_callback(cfg_done, NULL));
+	cmdq_append(NULL, cmdq_get_callback(cfg_done, NULL));
+}
+
+static int
+cfg_check_condition(const char *path, size_t line, const char *p, int *skip)
+{
+	struct format_tree	*ft;
+	char			*s;
+	int			 result;
+
+	while (isspace((u_char)*p))
+		p++;
+	if (p[0] == '\0') {
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: invalid condition", path, line);
+		*skip = 1;
+		return (0);
+	}
+
+	ft = format_create(NULL, NULL, FORMAT_NONE, FORMAT_NOJOBS);
+	s = format_expand(ft, p);
+	result = format_true(s);
+	free(s);
+	format_free(ft);
+
+	*skip = result;
+	return (result);
+}
+
+static void
+cfg_handle_if(const char *path, size_t line, struct cfg_conds *conds,
+    const char *p)
+{
+	struct cfg_cond	*cond;
+	struct cfg_cond	*parent = TAILQ_FIRST(conds);
+
+	/*
+	 * Add a new condition. If a previous condition exists and isn't
+	 * currently met, this new one also can't be met.
+	 */
+	cond = xcalloc(1, sizeof *cond);
+	cond->line = line;
+	if (parent == NULL || parent->met)
+		cond->met = cfg_check_condition(path, line, p, &cond->skip);
+	else
+		cond->skip = 1;
+	cond->saw_else = 0;
+	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(conds, cond, entry);
+}
+
+static void
+cfg_handle_elif(const char *path, size_t line, struct cfg_conds *conds,
+    const char *p)
+{
+	struct cfg_cond	*cond = TAILQ_FIRST(conds);
+
+	/*
+	 * If a previous condition exists and wasn't met, check this
+	 * one instead and change the state.
+	 */
+	if (cond == NULL || cond->saw_else)
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: unexpected %%elif", path, line);
+	else if (!cond->skip)
+		cond->met = cfg_check_condition(path, line, p, &cond->skip);
+	else
+		cond->met = 0;
+}
+
+static void
+cfg_handle_else(const char *path, size_t line, struct cfg_conds *conds)
+{
+	struct cfg_cond	*cond = TAILQ_FIRST(conds);
+
+	/*
+	 * If a previous condition exists and wasn't met and wasn't already
+	 * %else, use this one instead.
+	 */
+	if (cond == NULL || cond->saw_else) {
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: unexpected %%else", path, line);
+		return;
+	}
+	cond->saw_else = 1;
+	cond->met = !cond->skip;
+	cond->skip = 1;
+}
+
+static void
+cfg_handle_endif(const char *path, size_t line, struct cfg_conds *conds)
+{
+	struct cfg_cond	*cond = TAILQ_FIRST(conds);
+
+	/*
+	 * Remove previous condition if one exists.
+	 */
+	if (cond == NULL) {
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: unexpected %%endif", path, line);
+		return;
+	}
+	TAILQ_REMOVE(conds, cond, entry);
+	free(cond);
+}
+
+static void
+cfg_handle_directive(const char *p, const char *path, size_t line,
+    struct cfg_conds *conds)
+{
+	int	n = 0;
+
+	while (p[n] != '\0' && !isspace((u_char)p[n]))
+		n++;
+	if (strncmp(p, "%if", n) == 0)
+		cfg_handle_if(path, line, conds, p + n);
+	else if (strncmp(p, "%elif", n) == 0)
+		cfg_handle_elif(path, line, conds, p + n);
+	else if (strcmp(p, "%else") == 0)
+		cfg_handle_else(path, line, conds);
+	else if (strcmp(p, "%endif") == 0)
+		cfg_handle_endif(path, line, conds);
+	else
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: invalid directive: %s", path, line, p);
 }

 int
@@ -84,11 +237,13 @@ load_cfg(const char *path, struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, int quiet)
 	const char		 delim[3] = { '\\', '\\', '\0' };
 	u_int			 found = 0;
 	size_t			 line = 0;
-	char			*buf, *cause1, *p, *q, *s;
+	char			*buf, *cause1, *p, *q;
 	struct cmd_list		*cmdlist;
 	struct cmdq_item	*new_item;
-	int			 condition = 0;
-	struct format_tree	*ft;
+	struct cfg_cond		*cond, *cond1;
+	struct cfg_conds	 conds;
+
+	TAILQ_INIT(&conds);

 	log_debug("loading %s", path);
 	if ((f = fopen(path, "rb")) == NULL) {
@@ -112,32 +267,12 @@ load_cfg(const char *path, struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, int quiet)
 		while (q != p && isspace((u_char)*q))
 			*q-- = '\0';

-		if (condition != 0 && strcmp(p, "%endif") == 0) {
-			condition = 0;
+		if (*p == '%') {
+			cfg_handle_directive(p, path, line, &conds);
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (strncmp(p, "%if ", 4) == 0) {
-			if (condition != 0) {
-				cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: nested %%if", path,
-				    line);
-				continue;
-			}
-			ft = format_create(NULL, FORMAT_NONE, FORMAT_NOJOBS);
-
-			s = p + 3;
-			while (isspace((u_char)*s))
-				s++;
-			s = format_expand(ft, s);
-			if (*s != '\0' && (s[0] != '0' || s[1] != '\0'))
-				condition = 1;
-			else
-				condition = -1;
-			free(s);
-
-			format_free(ft);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (condition == -1)
+		cond = TAILQ_FIRST(&conds);
+		if (cond != NULL && !cond->met)
 			continue;

 		cmdlist = cmd_string_parse(p, path, line, &cause1);
@@ -151,8 +286,6 @@ load_cfg(const char *path, struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, int quiet)
 		}
 		free(buf);

-		if (cmdlist == NULL)
-			continue;
 		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, NULL, NULL, 0);
 		if (item != NULL)
 			cmdq_insert_after(item, new_item);
@@ -164,6 +297,12 @@ load_cfg(const char *path, struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, int quiet)
 	}
 	fclose(f);

+	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(cond, &conds, cfg_conds, entry, cond1) {
+		cfg_add_cause("%s:%zu: unterminated %%if", path, cond->line);
+		TAILQ_REMOVE(&conds, cond, entry);
+		free(cond);
+	}
+
 	return (found);
 }

@@ -207,7 +346,7 @@ cfg_show_causes(struct session *s)
 		return;
 	wp = s->curw->window->active;

-	window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode);
+	window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode, NULL, NULL);
 	window_copy_init_for_output(wp);
 	for (i = 0; i < cfg_ncauses; i++) {
 		window_copy_add(wp, "%s", cfg_causes[i]);
--- a/client.c
+++ b/client.c
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@
 */

 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/file.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/un.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>

 #include <errno.h>
 #include <event.h>
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ static void		 client_write(int, const char *, size_t);
 static void		 client_signal(int);
 static void		 client_dispatch(struct imsg *, void *);
 static void		 client_dispatch_attached(struct imsg *);
-static void		 client_dispatch_wait(struct imsg *, const char *);
+static void		 client_dispatch_wait(struct imsg *);
 static const char	*client_exit_message(void);

 /*
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ retry:
 			close(lockfd);
 			return (-1);
 		}
-		fd = server_start(base, lockfd, lockfile);
+		fd = server_start(client_proc, base, lockfd, lockfile);
 	}

 	if (locked && lockfd >= 0) {
@@ -214,8 +213,7 @@ client_exit_message(void)

 /* Client main loop. */
 int
-client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,
-    const char *shellcmd)
+client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags)
 {
 	struct cmd		*cmd;
 	struct cmd_list		*cmdlist;
@@ -236,7 +234,7 @@ client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,

 	/* Set up the initial command. */
 	cmdflags = 0;
-	if (shellcmd != NULL) {
+	if (shell_command != NULL) {
 		msg = MSG_SHELL;
 		cmdflags = CMD_STARTSERVER;
 	} else if (argc == 0) {
@@ -261,7 +259,8 @@ client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,
 	}

 	/* Create client process structure (starts logging). */
-	client_proc = proc_start("client", base, 0, client_signal);
+	client_proc = proc_start("client");
+	proc_set_signals(client_proc, client_signal);

 	/* Initialize the client socket and start the server. */
 	fd = client_connect(base, socket_path, cmdflags & CMD_STARTSERVER);
@@ -275,14 +274,13 @@ client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,
 		}
 		return (1);
 	}
-	client_peer = proc_add_peer(client_proc, fd, client_dispatch,
-	    (void *)shellcmd);
+	client_peer = proc_add_peer(client_proc, fd, client_dispatch, NULL);

 	/* Save these before pledge(). */
-	if ((cwd = getcwd(path, sizeof path)) == NULL) {
-		if ((cwd = find_home()) == NULL)
-			cwd = "/";
-	}
+	if ((cwd = getenv("PWD")) == NULL &&
+	    (cwd = getcwd(path, sizeof path)) == NULL &&
+	    (cwd = find_home()) == NULL)
+		cwd = "/";
 	if ((ttynam = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
 		ttynam = "";

@@ -339,6 +337,10 @@ client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,
 		size = 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 			size += strlen(argv[i]) + 1;
+		if (size > MAX_IMSGSIZE - (sizeof *data)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "command too long\n");
+			return (1);
+		}
 		data = xmalloc((sizeof *data) + size);

 		/* Prepare command for server. */
@@ -367,7 +369,6 @@ client_main(struct event_base *base, int argc, char **argv, int flags,
 	if (client_exittype == MSG_EXEC) {
 		if (client_flags & CLIENT_CONTROLCONTROL)
 			tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &saved_tio);
-		clear_signals(0);
 		client_exec(client_execshell, client_execcmd);
 	}

@@ -451,6 +452,7 @@ client_write(int fd, const char *data, size_t size)
 {
 	ssize_t	used;

+	log_debug("%s: %.*s", __func__, (int)size, data);
 	while (size != 0) {
 		used = write(fd, data, size);
 		if (used == -1) {
@@ -483,6 +485,8 @@ client_exec(const char *shell, const char *shellcmd)
 		xasprintf(&argv0, "%s", name);
 	setenv("SHELL", shell, 1);

+	proc_clear_signals(client_proc, 1);
+
 	setblocking(STDIN_FILENO, 1);
 	setblocking(STDOUT_FILENO, 1);
 	setblocking(STDERR_FILENO, 1);
@@ -534,7 +538,7 @@ client_signal(int sig)

 /* Callback for client read events. */
 static void
-client_dispatch(struct imsg *imsg, void *arg)
+client_dispatch(struct imsg *imsg, __unused void *arg)
 {
 	if (imsg == NULL) {
 		client_exitreason = CLIENT_EXIT_LOST_SERVER;
@@ -546,12 +550,12 @@ client_dispatch(struct imsg *imsg, void *arg)
 	if (client_attached)
 		client_dispatch_attached(imsg);
 	else
-		client_dispatch_wait(imsg, arg);
+		client_dispatch_wait(imsg);
 }

 /* Dispatch imsgs when in wait state (before MSG_READY). */
 static void
-client_dispatch_wait(struct imsg *imsg, const char *shellcmd)
+client_dispatch_wait(struct imsg *imsg)
 {
 	char			*data;
 	ssize_t			 datalen;
@@ -630,8 +634,7 @@ client_dispatch_wait(struct imsg *imsg, const char *shellcmd)
 		if (datalen == 0 || data[datalen - 1] != '\0')
 			fatalx("bad MSG_SHELL string");

-		clear_signals(0);
-		client_exec(data, shellcmd);
+		client_exec(data, shell_command);
 		/* NOTREACHED */
 	case MSG_DETACH:
 	case MSG_DETACHKILL:
--- a/cmd-attach-session.c
+++ b/cmd-attach-session.c
@@ -40,20 +40,23 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_attach_session_entry = {
 	.args = { "c:dErt:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-dEr] [-c working-directory] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_WITHPANE,
+	/* -t is special */

 	.flags = CMD_STARTSERVER,
 	.exec = cmd_attach_session_exec
 };

 enum cmd_retval
-cmd_attach_session(struct cmdq_item *item, int dflag, int rflag,
-    const char *cflag, int Eflag)
+cmd_attach_session(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *tflag, int dflag,
+    int rflag, const char *cflag, int Eflag)
 {
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	enum cmd_find_type	 type;
+	int			 flags;
 	struct client		*c = item->client, *c_loop;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	struct session		*s;
+	struct winlink		*wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp;
 	char			*cause;

 	if (RB_EMPTY(&sessions)) {
@@ -69,10 +72,27 @@ cmd_attach_session(struct cmdq_item *item, int dflag, int rflag,
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}

+	if (tflag != NULL && tflag[strcspn(tflag, ":.")] != '\0') {
+		type = CMD_FIND_PANE;
+		flags = 0;
+	} else {
+		type = CMD_FIND_SESSION;
+		flags = CMD_FIND_PREFER_UNATTACHED;
+	}
+	if (cmd_find_target(&item->target, item, tflag, type, flags) != 0)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	s = item->target.s;
+	wl = item->target.wl;
+	wp = item->target.wp;
+
 	if (wl != NULL) {
 		if (wp != NULL)
 			window_set_active_pane(wp->window, wp);
 		session_set_current(s, wl);
+		if (wp != NULL)
+			cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(current, wl, wp, 0);
+		else
+			cmd_find_from_winlink(current, wl, 0);
 	}

 	if (cflag != NULL) {
@@ -80,6 +100,7 @@ cmd_attach_session(struct cmdq_item *item, int dflag, int rflag,
 		s->cwd = format_single(item, cflag, c, s, wl, wp);
 	}

+	c->last_session = c->session;
 	if (c->session != NULL) {
 		if (dflag) {
 			TAILQ_FOREACH(c_loop, &clients, entry) {
@@ -92,7 +113,7 @@ cmd_attach_session(struct cmdq_item *item, int dflag, int rflag,
 			environ_update(s->options, c->environ, s->environ);

 		c->session = s;
-		if (!item->repeat)
+		if (~item->shared->flags & CMDQ_SHARED_REPEAT)
 			server_client_set_key_table(c, NULL);
 		status_timer_start(c);
 		notify_client("client-session-changed", c);
@@ -145,6 +166,7 @@ cmd_attach_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;

-	return (cmd_attach_session(item, args_has(args, 'd'),
-	    args_has(args, 'r'), args_get(args, 'c'), args_has(args, 'E')));
+	return (cmd_attach_session(item, args_get(args, 't'),
+	    args_has(args, 'd'), args_has(args, 'r'), args_get(args, 'c'),
+	    args_has(args, 'E')));
 }
--- a/cmd-break-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-break-pane.c
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_break_pane_entry = {
 	.alias = "breakp",

 	.args = { "dPF:n:s:t:", 0, 0 },
-	.usage = "[-dP] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-window]",
+	.usage = "[-dP] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-s src-pane] "
+		 "[-t dst-window]",

-	.sflag = CMD_PANE,
-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_INDEX,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_break_pane_exec
@@ -48,14 +49,15 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_break_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.sflag.wl;
-	struct session		*src_s = item->state.sflag.s;
-	struct session		*dst_s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.sflag.wp;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->source.wl;
+	struct session		*src_s = item->source.s;
+	struct session		*dst_s = item->target.s;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->source.wp;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
 	char			*name, *cause;
-	int			 idx = item->state.tflag.idx;
+	int			 idx = item->target.idx;
 	const char		*template;
 	char			*cp;

@@ -93,8 +95,10 @@ cmd_break_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (idx == -1)
 		idx = -1 - options_get_number(dst_s->options, "base-index");
 	wl = session_attach(dst_s, w, idx, &cause); /* can't fail */
-	if (!args_has(self->args, 'd'))
+	if (!args_has(self->args, 'd')) {
 		session_select(dst_s, wl->idx);
+		cmd_find_from_session(current, dst_s, 0);
+	}

 	server_redraw_session(src_s);
 	if (src_s != dst_s)
--- a/cmd-capture-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-capture-pane.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_capture_pane_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-aCeJpPq] " CMD_BUFFER_USAGE " [-E end-line] "
 		 "[-S start-line]" CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_capture_pane_exec
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_clear_history_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_capture_pane_exec
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ cmd_capture_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
 	struct client		*c;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
 	char			*buf, *cause;
 	const char		*bufname;
 	size_t			 len;
--- a/cmd-choose-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-buffer.c
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-/* $OpenBSD$ */
-
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2010 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
- *
- * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
- * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
- * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
- * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
- * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-#include "tmux.h"
-
-/*
- * Enter choice mode to choose a buffer.
- */
-
-#define CHOOSE_BUFFER_TEMPLATE						\
-	"#{buffer_name}: #{buffer_size} bytes: #{buffer_sample}"
-
-static enum cmd_retval	cmd_choose_buffer_exec(struct cmd *,
-			    struct cmdq_item *);
-
-const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_buffer_entry = {
-	.name = "choose-buffer",
-	.alias = NULL,
-
-	.args = { "F:t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
-
-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
-
-	.flags = 0,
-	.exec = cmd_choose_buffer_exec
-};
-
-static enum cmd_retval
-cmd_choose_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
-{
-	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct paste_buffer		*pb;
-	char				*action, *action_data;
-	const char			*template;
-	u_int				 idx;
-
-	if (c == NULL) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no client available");
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
-
-	if ((template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
-		template = CHOOSE_BUFFER_TEMPLATE;
-
-	if (paste_get_top(NULL) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-
-	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-
-	if (args->argc != 0)
-		action = xstrdup(args->argv[0]);
-	else
-		action = xstrdup("paste-buffer -b '%%'");
-
-	idx = 0;
-	pb = NULL;
-	while ((pb = paste_walk(pb)) != NULL) {
-		cdata = window_choose_data_create(TREE_OTHER, c, c->session);
-		cdata->idx = idx;
-
-		cdata->ft_template = xstrdup(template);
-		format_defaults_paste_buffer(cdata->ft, pb);
-
-		xasprintf(&action_data, "%s", paste_buffer_name(pb));
-		cdata->command = cmd_template_replace(action, action_data, 1);
-		free(action_data);
-
-		window_choose_add(wl->window->active, cdata);
-		idx++;
-	}
-	free(action);
-
-	window_choose_ready(wl->window->active, 0, NULL);
-
-	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-}
--- a/cmd-choose-client.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-client.c
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-/* $OpenBSD$ */
-
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2009 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
- *
- * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
- * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
- * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
- * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
- * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-#include "tmux.h"
-
-/*
- * Enter choice mode to choose a client.
- */
-
-#define CHOOSE_CLIENT_TEMPLATE					\
-	"#{client_name}: #{session_name} "			\
-	"[#{client_width}x#{client_height} #{client_termname}]"	\
-	"#{?client_utf8, (utf8),}#{?client_readonly, (ro),} "	\
-	"(last used #{t:client_activity})"
-
-static enum cmd_retval	cmd_choose_client_exec(struct cmd *,
-			    struct cmdq_item *);
-
-static void	cmd_choose_client_callback(struct window_choose_data *);
-
-const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_client_entry = {
-	.name = "choose-client",
-	.alias = NULL,
-
-	.args = { "F:t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
-
-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
-
-	.flags = 0,
-	.exec = cmd_choose_client_exec
-};
-
-struct cmd_choose_client_data {
-	struct client	*client;
-};
-
-static enum cmd_retval
-cmd_choose_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
-{
-	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct client			*c1;
-	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	const char			*template;
-	char				*action;
-	u_int			 	 idx, cur;
-
-	if (c == NULL) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no client available");
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
-
-	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-
-	if ((template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
-		template = CHOOSE_CLIENT_TEMPLATE;
-
-	if (args->argc != 0)
-		action = xstrdup(args->argv[0]);
-	else
-		action = xstrdup("detach-client -t '%%'");
-
-	cur = idx = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(c1, &clients, entry) {
-		if (c1->session == NULL)
-			continue;
-		if (c1 == item->client)
-			cur = idx;
-
-		cdata = window_choose_data_create(TREE_OTHER, c, c->session);
-		cdata->idx = idx;
-
-		cdata->ft_template = xstrdup(template);
-		format_add(cdata->ft, "line", "%u", idx);
-		format_defaults(cdata->ft, c1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-
-		cdata->command = cmd_template_replace(action, c1->name, 1);
-
-		window_choose_add(wl->window->active, cdata);
-
-		idx++;
-	}
-	free(action);
-
-	window_choose_ready(wl->window->active, cur,
-	    cmd_choose_client_callback);
-
-	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-}
-
-static void
-cmd_choose_client_callback(struct window_choose_data *cdata)
-{
-	struct client  	*c;
-	u_int		 idx;
-
-	if (cdata == NULL)
-		return;
-	if (cdata->start_client->flags & CLIENT_DEAD)
-		return;
-
-	idx = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-		if (idx == cdata->idx)
-			break;
-		idx++;
-	}
-	if (c == NULL || c->session == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	window_choose_data_run(cdata);
-}
--- a/cmd-choose-tree.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-tree.c
@@ -18,66 +18,51 @@

 #include <sys/types.h>

-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-#include <string.h>
-
 #include "tmux.h"

-#define CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_ACTION "select-window -t '%%'"
-#define CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_ACTION "switch-client -t '%%'"
-
 /*
- * Enter choice mode to choose a session and/or window.
+ * Enter a mode.
 */

-#define CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_TEMPLATE				\
-	"#{session_name}: #{session_windows} windows"		\
-	"#{?session_grouped, (group ,}"				\
-	"#{session_group}#{?session_grouped,),}"		\
-	"#{?session_attached, (attached),}"
-#define CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_TEMPLATE				\
-	"#{window_index}: #{window_name}#{window_flags} "	\
-	"\"#{pane_title}\""
-
 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_choose_tree_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmdq_item *);

 const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_tree_entry = {
 	.name = "choose-tree",
 	.alias = NULL,

-	.args = { "S:W:swub:c:t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = "[-suw] [-b session-template] [-c window template] "
-		 "[-S format] [-W format] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,
+	.args = { "F:Gf:NO:st:wZ", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-GNsw] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] "
+	         CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_choose_tree_exec
 };

-const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_session_entry = {
-	.name = "choose-session",
+const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_client_entry = {
+	.name = "choose-client",
 	.alias = NULL,

-	.args = { "F:t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
+	.args = { "F:f:NO:t:Z", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-N] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] "
+	         CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_choose_tree_exec
 };

-const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_window_entry = {
-	.name = "choose-window",
+const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_buffer_entry = {
+	.name = "choose-buffer",
 	.alias = NULL,

-	.args = { "F:t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE "[-F format] [template]",
+	.args = { "F:f:NO:t:Z", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-N] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] "
+	         CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_choose_tree_exec
@@ -87,167 +72,20 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_choose_tree_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl, *wm;
-	struct session			*s = item->state.tflag.s, *s2;
-	struct window_choose_data	*wcd = NULL;
-	const char			*ses_template, *win_template;
-	char				*final_win_action, *cur_win_template;
-	char				*final_win_template_middle;
-	char				*final_win_template_last;
-	const char			*ses_action, *win_action;
-	u_int				 cur_win, idx_ses, win_ses, win_max;
-	u_int				 wflag, sflag;
+	struct window_pane		*wp = item->target.wp;
+	const struct window_mode	*mode;

-	ses_template = win_template = NULL;
-	ses_action = win_action = NULL;
-
-	if (c == NULL) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no client available");
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
-
-	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-
-	/* Sort out which command this is. */
-	wflag = sflag = 0;
-	if (self->entry == &cmd_choose_session_entry) {
-		sflag = 1;
-		if ((ses_template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
-			ses_template = CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_TEMPLATE;
-
-		if (args->argc != 0)
-			ses_action = args->argv[0];
-		else
-			ses_action = CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_ACTION;
-	} else if (self->entry == &cmd_choose_window_entry) {
-		wflag = 1;
-		if ((win_template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
-			win_template = CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_TEMPLATE;
-
-		if (args->argc != 0)
-			win_action = args->argv[0];
-		else
-			win_action = CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_ACTION;
-	} else {
-		wflag = args_has(args, 'w');
-		sflag = args_has(args, 's');
-
-		if ((ses_action = args_get(args, 'b')) == NULL)
-			ses_action = CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_ACTION;
-
-		if ((win_action = args_get(args, 'c')) == NULL)
-			win_action = CMD_CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_ACTION;
-
-		if ((ses_template = args_get(args, 'S')) == NULL)
-			ses_template = CHOOSE_TREE_SESSION_TEMPLATE;
-
-		if ((win_template = args_get(args, 'W')) == NULL)
-			win_template = CHOOSE_TREE_WINDOW_TEMPLATE;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If not asking for windows and sessions, assume no "-ws" given and
-	 * hence display the entire tree outright.
-	 */
-	if (!wflag && !sflag)
-		wflag = sflag = 1;
-
-	/*
-	 * If we're drawing in tree mode, including sessions, then pad the
-	 * window template, otherwise just render the windows as a flat list
-	 * without any padding.
-	 */
-	if (wflag && sflag) {
-		xasprintf(&final_win_template_middle,
-		    " \001tq\001> %s", win_template);
-		xasprintf(&final_win_template_last,
-		    " \001mq\001> %s", win_template);
-	} else if (wflag) {
-		final_win_template_middle = xstrdup(win_template);
-		final_win_template_last = xstrdup(win_template);
+	if (self->entry == &cmd_choose_buffer_entry) {
+		if (paste_get_top(NULL) == NULL)
+			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+		mode = &window_buffer_mode;
+	} else if (self->entry == &cmd_choose_client_entry) {
+		if (server_client_how_many() == 0)
+			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+		mode = &window_client_mode;
 	} else
-		final_win_template_middle = final_win_template_last = NULL;
-
-	idx_ses = cur_win = -1;
-	RB_FOREACH(s2, sessions, &sessions) {
-		idx_ses++;
-
-		/*
-		 * If we're just choosing windows, jump straight there. Note
-		 * that this implies the current session, so only choose
-		 * windows when the session matches this one.
-		 */
-		if (wflag && !sflag) {
-			if (s != s2)
-				continue;
-			goto windows_only;
-		}
-
-		wcd = window_choose_add_session(wl->window->active,
-		    c, s2, ses_template, ses_action, idx_ses);
-
-		/* If we're just choosing sessions, skip choosing windows. */
-		if (sflag && !wflag) {
-			if (s == s2)
-				cur_win = idx_ses;
-			continue;
-		}
-windows_only:
-		win_ses = win_max = -1;
-		RB_FOREACH(wm, winlinks, &s2->windows)
-			win_max++;
-		RB_FOREACH(wm, winlinks, &s2->windows) {
-			win_ses++;
-			if (sflag && wflag)
-				idx_ses++;
-
-			if (wm == s2->curw && s == s2) {
-				if (wflag && !sflag) {
-					/*
-					 * Then we're only counting windows.
-					 * So remember which is the current
-					 * window in the list.
-					 */
-					cur_win = win_ses;
-				} else
-					cur_win = idx_ses;
-			}
-
-			xasprintf(&final_win_action, "%s %s %s",
-			    wcd != NULL ? wcd->command : "",
-			    wcd != NULL ? ";" : "", win_action);
-
-			if (win_ses != win_max)
-				cur_win_template = final_win_template_middle;
-			else
-				cur_win_template = final_win_template_last;
-
-			window_choose_add_window(wl->window->active,
-			    c, s2, wm, cur_win_template,
-			    final_win_action,
-			    (wflag && !sflag) ? win_ses : idx_ses);
-
-			free(final_win_action);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * If we're just drawing windows, don't consider moving on to
-		 * other sessions as we only list windows in this session.
-		 */
-		if (wflag && !sflag)
-			break;
-	}
-	free(final_win_template_middle);
-	free(final_win_template_last);
-
-	window_choose_ready(wl->window->active, cur_win, NULL);
-
-	if (args_has(args, 'u')) {
-		window_choose_expand_all(wl->window->active);
-		window_choose_set_current(wl->window->active, cur_win);
-	}
+		mode = &window_tree_mode;

+	window_pane_set_mode(wp, mode, &item->target, args);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
--- a/cmd-command-prompt.c
+++ b/cmd-command-prompt.c
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_command_prompt_exec(struct cmd *,
 			    struct cmdq_item *);

-static int	cmd_command_prompt_callback(void *, const char *, int);
+static int	cmd_command_prompt_callback(struct client *, void *,
+		    const char *, int);
 static void	cmd_command_prompt_free(void *);

 const struct cmd_entry cmd_command_prompt_entry = {
@@ -43,24 +44,21 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_command_prompt_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-1Ni] [-I inputs] [-p prompts] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " "
 		 "[template]",

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_command_prompt_exec
 };

 struct cmd_command_prompt_cdata {
-	struct client	*c;
-	int		 flags;
+	int	 flags;

-	char		*inputs;
-	char		*next_input;
+	char	*inputs;
+	char	*next_input;

-	char		*prompts;
-	char		*next_prompt;
+	char	*prompts;
+	char	*next_prompt;

-	char		*template;
-	int		 idx;
+	char	*template;
+	int	 idx;
 };

 static enum cmd_retval
@@ -69,15 +67,17 @@ cmd_command_prompt_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	const char			*inputs, *prompts;
 	struct cmd_command_prompt_cdata	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
+	struct client			*c;
 	char				*prompt, *ptr, *input = NULL;
 	size_t				 n;

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
 	if (c->prompt_string != NULL)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

 	cdata = xcalloc(1, sizeof *cdata);
-	cdata->c = c;

 	cdata->inputs = NULL;
 	cdata->next_input = NULL;
@@ -141,10 +141,10 @@ cmd_command_prompt_error(struct cmdq_item *item, void *data)
 }

 static int
-cmd_command_prompt_callback(void *data, const char *s, int done)
+cmd_command_prompt_callback(struct client *c, void *data, const char *s,
+    int done)
 {
 	struct cmd_command_prompt_cdata	*cdata = data;
-	struct client			*c = cdata->c;
 	struct cmd_list			*cmdlist;
 	struct cmdq_item		*new_item;
 	char				*cause, *new_template, *prompt, *ptr;
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ cmd_command_prompt_callback(void *data, const char *s, int done)

 	if (!done)
 		free(new_template);
-	if (c->prompt_callbackfn != (void *)&cmd_command_prompt_callback)
+	if (c->prompt_inputcb != cmd_command_prompt_callback)
 		return (1);
 	return (0);
 }
--- a/cmd-confirm-before.c
+++ b/cmd-confirm-before.c
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_confirm_before_exec(struct cmd *,
 			    struct cmdq_item *);

-static int	cmd_confirm_before_callback(void *, const char *, int);
+static int	cmd_confirm_before_callback(struct client *, void *,
+		    const char *, int);
 static void	cmd_confirm_before_free(void *);

 const struct cmd_entry cmd_confirm_before_entry = {
@@ -41,15 +42,12 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_confirm_before_entry = {
 	.args = { "p:t:", 1, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-p prompt] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " command",

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_confirm_before_exec
 };

 struct cmd_confirm_before_data {
-	char		*cmd;
-	struct client	*client;
+	char	*cmd;
 };

 static enum cmd_retval
@@ -57,10 +55,13 @@ cmd_confirm_before_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	struct cmd_confirm_before_data	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
+	struct client			*c;
 	char				*cmd, *copy, *new_prompt, *ptr;
 	const char			*prompt;

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
 	if ((prompt = args_get(args, 'p')) != NULL)
 		xasprintf(&new_prompt, "%s ", prompt);
 	else {
@@ -73,9 +74,6 @@ cmd_confirm_before_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	cdata = xmalloc(sizeof *cdata);
 	cdata->cmd = xstrdup(args->argv[0]);

-	cdata->client = c;
-	cdata->client->references++;
-
 	status_prompt_set(c, new_prompt, NULL,
 	    cmd_confirm_before_callback, cmd_confirm_before_free, cdata,
 	    PROMPT_SINGLE);
@@ -96,10 +94,10 @@ cmd_confirm_before_error(struct cmdq_item *item, void *data)
 }

 static int
-cmd_confirm_before_callback(void *data, const char *s, __unused int done)
+cmd_confirm_before_callback(struct client *c, void *data, const char *s,
+    __unused int done)
 {
 	struct cmd_confirm_before_data	*cdata = data;
-	struct client			*c = cdata->client;
 	struct cmd_list			*cmdlist;
 	struct cmdq_item		*new_item;
 	char				*cause;
@@ -134,9 +132,6 @@ static void
 cmd_confirm_before_free(void *data)
 {
 	struct cmd_confirm_before_data	*cdata = data;
-	struct client			*c = cdata->client;
-
-	server_client_unref(c);

 	free(cdata->cmd);
 	free(cdata);
--- a/cmd-copy-mode.c
+++ b/cmd-copy-mode.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_copy_mode_entry = {
 	.args = { "Met:u", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-Mu] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_copy_mode_exec
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_clock_mode_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_copy_mode_exec
@@ -56,31 +56,34 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_copy_mode_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
+	struct cmdq_shared	*shared = item->shared;
 	struct client		*c = item->client;
 	struct session		*s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	int			 flag;

 	if (args_has(args, 'M')) {
-		if ((wp = cmd_mouse_pane(&item->mouse, &s, NULL)) == NULL)
+		if ((wp = cmd_mouse_pane(&shared->mouse, &s, NULL)) == NULL)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		if (c == NULL || c->session != s)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_clock_mode_entry) {
-		window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_clock_mode);
+		window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_clock_mode, NULL, NULL);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

 	if (wp->mode != &window_copy_mode) {
-		if (window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode) != 0)
+		flag = window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode, NULL, NULL);
+		if (flag != 0)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		window_copy_init_from_pane(wp, args_has(self->args, 'e'));
 	}
 	if (args_has(args, 'M')) {
 		if (wp->mode != NULL && wp->mode != &window_copy_mode)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-		window_copy_start_drag(c, &item->mouse);
+		window_copy_start_drag(c, &shared->mouse);
 	}
 	if (wp->mode == &window_copy_mode && args_has(self->args, 'u'))
 		window_copy_pageup(wp, 0);
--- a/cmd-detach-client.c
+++ b/cmd-detach-client.c
@@ -37,8 +37,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_detach_client_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-aP] [-E shell-command] "
 	         "[-s target-session] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_SESSION,
-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_READONLY,
 	.exec = cmd_detach_client_exec
@@ -51,8 +50,6 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_suspend_client_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_detach_client_exec
 };
@@ -61,15 +58,16 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct client	*c = item->state.c, *cloop;
+	struct client	*c, *cloop;
 	struct session	*s;
 	enum msgtype	 msgtype;
 	const char	*cmd = args_get(args, 'E');

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
 	if (self->entry == &cmd_suspend_client_entry) {
-		tty_stop_tty(&c->tty);
-		c->flags |= CLIENT_SUSPENDED;
-		proc_send(c->peer, MSG_SUSPEND, -1, NULL, 0);
+		server_client_suspend(c);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

@@ -79,7 +77,9 @@ cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		msgtype = MSG_DETACH;

 	if (args_has(args, 's')) {
-		s = item->state.sflag.s;
+		s = item->source.s;
+		if (s == NULL)
+			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		TAILQ_FOREACH(cloop, &clients, entry) {
 			if (cloop->session == s) {
 				if (cmd != NULL)
--- a/cmd-display-message.c
+++ b/cmd-display-message.c
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_message_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-p] [-c target-client] [-F format] "
 		 CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [message]",

-	.cflag = CMD_CLIENT_CANFAIL,
-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_display_message_exec
@@ -54,10 +53,10 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_display_message_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	struct client		*c, *target_c;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
 	const char		*template;
 	char			*msg;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
@@ -73,8 +72,19 @@ cmd_display_message_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (template == NULL)
 		template = DISPLAY_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE;

-	ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
-	format_defaults(ft, c, s, wl, wp);
+	/*
+	 * -c is intended to be the client where the message should be
+	 * displayed if -p is not given. But it makes sense to use it for the
+	 * formats too, assuming it matches the session. If it doesn't, use the
+	 * best client for the session.
+	 */
+	c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 'c'), 1);
+	if (c != NULL && c->session == s)
+		target_c = c;
+	else
+		target_c = cmd_find_best_client(s);
+	ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	format_defaults(ft, target_c, s, wl, wp);

 	msg = format_expand_time(ft, template, time(NULL));
 	if (args_has(self->args, 'p'))
--- a/cmd-display-panes.c
+++ b/cmd-display-panes.c
@@ -37,10 +37,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_panes_entry = {
 	.name = "display-panes",
 	.alias = "displayp",

-	.args = { "t:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,
-
-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
+	.args = { "d:t:", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-d duration] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_display_panes_exec
@@ -50,7 +48,14 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_display_panes_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct client	*c = item->state.c;
+	struct client	*c;
+	struct session	*s;
+	u_int		 delay;
+	char		*cause;
+
+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	s = c->session;

 	if (c->identify_callback != NULL)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
@@ -60,10 +65,20 @@ cmd_display_panes_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		c->identify_callback_data = xstrdup(args->argv[0]);
 	else
 		c->identify_callback_data = xstrdup("select-pane -t '%%'");
+	c->identify_callback_item = item;

-	server_client_set_identify(c);
+	if (args_has(args, 'd')) {
+		delay = args_strtonum(args, 'd', 0, UINT_MAX, &cause);
+		if (cause != NULL) {
+			cmdq_error(item, "delay %s", cause);
+			free(cause);
+			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+		}
+	} else
+		delay = options_get_number(s->options, "display-panes-time");
+	server_client_set_identify(c, delay);

-	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	return (CMD_RETURN_WAIT);
 }

 static enum cmd_retval
@@ -82,34 +97,36 @@ cmd_display_panes_callback(struct client *c, struct window_pane *wp)
 {
 	struct cmd_list		*cmdlist;
 	struct cmdq_item	*new_item;
-	char			*template, *cmd, *expanded, *cause;
+	char			*cmd, *expanded, *cause;

-	template = c->identify_callback_data;
 	if (wp == NULL)
 		goto out;
+
 	xasprintf(&expanded, "%%%u", wp->id);
-	cmd = cmd_template_replace(template, expanded, 1);
+	cmd = cmd_template_replace(c->identify_callback_data, expanded, 1);

 	cmdlist = cmd_string_parse(cmd, NULL, 0, &cause);
-	if (cmdlist == NULL) {
-		if (cause != NULL) {
-			new_item = cmdq_get_callback(cmd_display_panes_error,
-			    cause);
-		} else
-			new_item = NULL;
-	} else {
+	if (cmdlist == NULL && cause != NULL)
+		new_item = cmdq_get_callback(cmd_display_panes_error, cause);
+	else if (cmdlist == NULL)
+		new_item = NULL;
+	else {
 		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, NULL, NULL, 0);
 		cmd_list_free(cmdlist);
 	}

 	if (new_item != NULL)
-		cmdq_append(c, new_item);
+		cmdq_insert_after(c->identify_callback_item, new_item);

 	free(cmd);
 	free(expanded);

 out:
+	c->identify_callback_item->flags &= ~CMDQ_WAITING;
+	c->identify_callback_item = NULL;
+
 	free(c->identify_callback_data);
 	c->identify_callback_data = NULL;
+
 	c->identify_callback = NULL;
 }
--- a/cmd-find-window.c
+++ b/cmd-find-window.c
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@

 #include <sys/types.h>

-#include <fnmatch.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>

 #include "tmux.h"

@@ -28,213 +26,69 @@
 * Find window containing text.
 */

-#define FIND_WINDOW_TEMPLATE					\
-	"#{window_index}: #{window_name} "			\
-	"[#{window_width}x#{window_height}] "			\
-	"(#{window_panes} panes) #{window_find_matches}"
-
 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_find_window_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmdq_item *);

-static void		cmd_find_window_callback(struct window_choose_data *);
-
-/* Flags for determining matching behavior. */
-#define CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_TITLE   0x1
-#define CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_CONTENT 0x2
-#define CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_NAME    0x4
-
-#define CMD_FIND_WINDOW_ALL		\
-	(CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_TITLE |	\
-	 CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_CONTENT |	\
-	 CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_NAME)
-
 const struct cmd_entry cmd_find_window_entry = {
 	.name = "find-window",
 	.alias = "findw",

-	.args = { "F:CNt:T", 1, 4 },
-	.usage = "[-CNT] [-F format] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " match-string",
+	.args = { "CNt:T", 1, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-CNT] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " match-string",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_find_window_exec
 };

-struct cmd_find_window_data {
-	struct winlink	*wl;
-	char		*list_ctx;
-	u_int		 pane_id;
-	TAILQ_ENTRY(cmd_find_window_data) entry;
-};
-TAILQ_HEAD(cmd_find_window_list, cmd_find_window_data);
-
-static u_int	cmd_find_window_match_flags(struct args *);
-static void	cmd_find_window_match(struct cmd_find_window_list *, int,
-		    struct winlink *, const char *, const char *);
-
-static u_int
-cmd_find_window_match_flags(struct args *args)
-{
-	u_int	match_flags = 0;
-
-	/* Turn on flags based on the options. */
-	if (args_has(args, 'T'))
-		match_flags |= CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_TITLE;
-	if (args_has(args, 'C'))
-		match_flags |= CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_CONTENT;
-	if (args_has(args, 'N'))
-		match_flags |= CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_NAME;
-
-	/* If none of the flags were set, default to matching anything. */
-	if (match_flags == 0)
-		match_flags = CMD_FIND_WINDOW_ALL;
-
-	return (match_flags);
-}
-
-static void
-cmd_find_window_match(struct cmd_find_window_list *find_list,
-    int match_flags, struct winlink *wl, const char *str,
-    const char *searchstr)
-{
-	struct cmd_find_window_data	*find_data;
-	struct window_pane		*wp;
-	u_int				 i, line;
-	char				*sres;
-
-	find_data = xcalloc(1, sizeof *find_data);
-
-	i = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &wl->window->panes, entry) {
-		i++;
-
-		if ((match_flags & CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_NAME) &&
-		    fnmatch(searchstr, wl->window->name, 0) == 0) {
-			find_data->list_ctx = xstrdup("");
-			break;
-		}
-
-		if ((match_flags & CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_TITLE) &&
-		    fnmatch(searchstr, wp->base.title, 0) == 0) {
-			xasprintf(&find_data->list_ctx,
-			    "pane %u title: \"%s\"", i - 1, wp->base.title);
-			break;
-		}
-
-		if (match_flags & CMD_FIND_WINDOW_BY_CONTENT &&
-		    (sres = window_pane_search(wp, str, &line)) != NULL) {
-			xasprintf(&find_data->list_ctx,
-			    "pane %u line %u: \"%s\"", i - 1, line + 1, sres);
-			free(sres);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (find_data->list_ctx != NULL) {
-		find_data->wl = wl;
-		find_data->pane_id = i - 1;
-		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(find_list, find_data, entry);
-	} else
-		free(find_data);
-}
-
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_find_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct session			*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl, *wm;
-	struct cmd_find_window_list	 find_list;
-	struct cmd_find_window_data	*find_data;
-	struct cmd_find_window_data	*find_data1;
-	char				*str, *searchstr;
-	const char			*template;
-	u_int				 i, match_flags;
+	struct args		*args = self->args, *new_args;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	const char		*s = args->argv[0];
+	char			*filter, *argv = { NULL };
+	int			 C, N, T;

-	if (c == NULL) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no client available");
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
+	C = args_has(args, 'C');
+	N = args_has(args, 'N');
+	T = args_has(args, 'T');

-	if ((template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
-		template = FIND_WINDOW_TEMPLATE;
+	if (!C && !N && !T)
+		C = N = T = 1;

-	match_flags = cmd_find_window_match_flags(args);
-	str = args->argv[0];
+	if (C && N && T) {
+		xasprintf(&filter,
+		    "#{||:"
+		    "#{C:%s},#{||:#{m:*%s*,#{window_name}},"
+		    "#{m:*%s*,#{pane_title}}}}",
+		    s, s, s);
+	} else if (C && N) {
+		xasprintf(&filter,
+		    "#{||:#{C:%s},#{m:*%s*,#{window_name}}}",
+		    s, s);
+	} else if (C && T) {
+		xasprintf(&filter,
+		    "#{||:#{C:%s},#{m:*%s*,#{pane_title}}}",
+		    s, s);
+	} else if (N && T) {
+		xasprintf(&filter,
+		    "#{||:#{m:*%s*,#{window_name}},#{m:*%s*,#{pane_title}}}",
+		    s, s);
+	} else if (C)
+		xasprintf(&filter, "#{C:%s}", s);
+	else if (N)
+		xasprintf(&filter, "#{m:*%s*,#{window_name}}", s);
+	else
+		xasprintf(&filter, "#{m:*%s*,#{pane_title}}", s);

-	TAILQ_INIT(&find_list);
+	new_args = args_parse("", 1, &argv);
+	args_set(new_args, 'f', filter);

-	xasprintf(&searchstr, "*%s*", str);
-	RB_FOREACH(wm, winlinks, &s->windows)
-	    cmd_find_window_match(&find_list, match_flags, wm, str, searchstr);
-	free(searchstr);
+	window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_tree_mode, &item->target, new_args);

-	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&find_list)) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no windows matching: %s", str);
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
+	args_free(new_args);
+	free(filter);

-	if (TAILQ_NEXT(TAILQ_FIRST(&find_list), entry) == NULL) {
-		if (session_select(s, TAILQ_FIRST(&find_list)->wl->idx) == 0)
-			server_redraw_session(s);
-		recalculate_sizes();
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
-		goto out;
-
-	i = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(find_data, &find_list, entry) {
-		cdata = window_choose_data_create(TREE_OTHER, c, c->session);
-		cdata->idx = find_data->wl->idx;
-		cdata->wl = find_data->wl;
-
-		cdata->ft_template = xstrdup(template);
-		cdata->pane_id = find_data->pane_id;
-
-		format_add(cdata->ft, "line", "%u", i);
-		format_add(cdata->ft, "window_find_matches", "%s",
-		    find_data->list_ctx);
-		format_defaults(cdata->ft, NULL, s, find_data->wl, NULL);
-
-		window_choose_add(wl->window->active, cdata);
-
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	window_choose_ready(wl->window->active, 0, cmd_find_window_callback);
-
-out:
-	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(find_data, &find_list, entry, find_data1) {
-		free(find_data->list_ctx);
-		TAILQ_REMOVE(&find_list, find_data, entry);
-		free(find_data);
-	}
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
-
-static void
-cmd_find_window_callback(struct window_choose_data *cdata)
-{
-	struct session		*s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
-
-	if (cdata == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	s = cdata->start_session;
-	if (!session_alive(s))
-		return;
-
-	wp = window_pane_at_index(cdata->wl->window, cdata->pane_id);
-	if (wp != NULL && window_pane_visible(wp))
-		window_set_active_pane(cdata->wl->window, wp);
-
-	if (session_select(s, cdata->idx) == 0) {
-		server_redraw_session(s);
-		recalculate_sizes();
-	}
-}
--- a/cmd-find.c
+++ b/cmd-find.c
@@ -26,21 +26,15 @@

 #include "tmux.h"

-static struct session *cmd_find_try_TMUX(struct client *, struct window *);
-static int	cmd_find_client_better(struct client *, struct client *);
-static struct client *cmd_find_best_client(struct client **, u_int);
 static int	cmd_find_session_better(struct session *, struct session *,
 		    int);
 static struct session *cmd_find_best_session(struct session **, u_int, int);
 static int	cmd_find_best_session_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *);
 static int	cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *);

-static int	cmd_find_current_session_with_client(struct cmd_find_state *);
-static int	cmd_find_current_session(struct cmd_find_state *);
-static struct client *cmd_find_current_client(struct cmdq_item *);
-
 static const char *cmd_find_map_table(const char *[][2], const char *);

+static void	cmd_find_log_state(const char *, struct cmd_find_state *);
 static int	cmd_find_get_session(struct cmd_find_state *, const char *);
 static int	cmd_find_get_window(struct cmd_find_state *, const char *, int);
 static int	cmd_find_get_window_with_session(struct cmd_find_state *,
@@ -83,7 +77,7 @@ static const char *cmd_find_pane_table[][2] = {

 /* Get session from TMUX if present. */
 static struct session *
-cmd_find_try_TMUX(struct client *c, struct window *w)
+cmd_find_try_TMUX(struct client *c)
 {
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;
 	char			 tmp[256];
@@ -99,15 +93,33 @@ cmd_find_try_TMUX(struct client *c, struct window *w)
 		return (NULL);
 	if (pid != getpid())
 		return (NULL);
-	log_debug("client %p TMUX is %s (session @%u)", c, envent->value,
-	    session);
+	log_debug("%s: client %p TMUX %s (session $%u)", __func__, c,
+	    envent->value, session);

 	s = session_find_by_id(session);
-	if (s == NULL || (w != NULL && !session_has(s, w)))
-		return (NULL);
+	if (s != NULL)
+		log_debug("%s: session $%u still exists", __func__, s->id);
 	return (s);
 }

+/* Find pane containing client if any. */
+static struct window_pane *
+cmd_find_inside_pane(struct client *c)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp;
+
+	if (c == NULL)
+		return (NULL);
+
+	RB_FOREACH(wp, window_pane_tree, &all_window_panes) {
+		if (wp->fd != -1 && strcmp(wp->tty, c->ttyname) == 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (wp != NULL)
+		log_debug("%s: got pane %%%u (%s)", __func__, wp->id, wp->tty);
+	return (wp);
+}
+
 /* Is this client better? */
 static int
 cmd_find_client_better(struct client *c, struct client *than)
@@ -117,28 +129,23 @@ cmd_find_client_better(struct client *c, struct client *than)
 	return (timercmp(&c->activity_time, &than->activity_time, >));
 }

-/* Find best client from a list, or all if list is NULL. */
-static struct client *
-cmd_find_best_client(struct client **clist, u_int csize)
+/* Find best client for session. */
+struct client *
+cmd_find_best_client(struct session *s)
 {
 	struct client	*c_loop, *c;
-	u_int		 i;
+
+	if (s->flags & SESSION_UNATTACHED)
+		s = NULL;

 	c = NULL;
-	if (clist != NULL) {
-		for (i = 0; i < csize; i++) {
-			if (clist[i]->session == NULL)
-				continue;
-			if (cmd_find_client_better(clist[i], c))
-				c = clist[i];
-		}
-	} else {
-		TAILQ_FOREACH(c_loop, &clients, entry) {
-			if (c_loop->session == NULL)
-				continue;
-			if (cmd_find_client_better(c_loop, c))
-				c = c_loop;
-		}
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c_loop, &clients, entry) {
+		if (c_loop->session == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (s != NULL && c_loop->session != s)
+			continue;
+		if (cmd_find_client_better(c_loop, c))
+			c = c_loop;
 	}
 	return (c);
 }
@@ -168,6 +175,8 @@ cmd_find_best_session(struct session **slist, u_int ssize, int flags)
 	struct session	 *s_loop, *s;
 	u_int		  i;

+	log_debug("%s: %u sessions to try", __func__, ssize);
+
 	s = NULL;
 	if (slist != NULL) {
 		for (i = 0; i < ssize; i++) {
@@ -191,11 +200,7 @@ cmd_find_best_session_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 	u_int		  ssize;
 	struct session	 *s;

-	if (fs->item != NULL && fs->item->client != NULL) {
-		fs->s = cmd_find_try_TMUX(fs->item->client, fs->w);
-		if (fs->s != NULL)
-			return (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs));
-	}
+	log_debug("%s: window is @%u", __func__, fs->w->id);

 	ssize = 0;
 	RB_FOREACH(s, sessions, &sessions) {
@@ -218,7 +223,7 @@ fail:
 }

 /*
- * Find the best winlink for a window (the current if it contains the pane,
+ * Find the best winlink for a window (the current if it contains the window,
 * otherwise the first).
 */
 static int
@@ -226,6 +231,8 @@ cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 {
 	struct winlink	 *wl, *wl_loop;

+	log_debug("%s: window is @%u", __func__, fs->w->id);
+
 	wl = NULL;
 	if (fs->s->curw != NULL && fs->s->curw->window == fs->w)
 		wl = fs->s->curw;
@@ -244,146 +251,6 @@ cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 	return (0);
 }

-/* Find current session when we have an unattached client. */
-static int
-cmd_find_current_session_with_client(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
-{
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
-
-	/*
-	 * If this is running in a pane, we can use that to limit the list of
-	 * sessions to those containing that pane (we still use the current
-	 * window in the best session).
-	 */
-	if (fs->item != NULL) {
-		RB_FOREACH(wp, window_pane_tree, &all_window_panes) {
-			if (strcmp(wp->tty, fs->item->client->ttyname) == 0)
-				break;
-		}
-	} else
-		wp = NULL;
-
-	/* Not running in a pane. We know nothing. Find the best session. */
-	if (wp == NULL)
-		goto unknown_pane;
-
-	/* Find the best session and winlink containing this pane. */
-	fs->w = wp->window;
-	if (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(fs) != 0) {
-		if (wp != NULL) {
-			/*
-			 * The window may have been destroyed but the pane
-			 * still on all_window_panes due to something else
-			 * holding a reference.
-			 */
-			goto unknown_pane;
-		}
-		return (-1);
-	}
-
-	/* Use the current window and pane from this session. */
-	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
-	fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
-	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
-	fs->wp = fs->w->active;
-
-	return (0);
-
-unknown_pane:
-	fs->s = NULL;
-	if (fs->item != NULL)
-		fs->s = cmd_find_try_TMUX(fs->item->client, NULL);
-	if (fs->s == NULL)
-		fs->s = cmd_find_best_session(NULL, 0, fs->flags);
-	if (fs->s == NULL)
-		return (-1);
-	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
-	fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
-	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
-	fs->wp = fs->w->active;
-
-	return (0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Work out the best current state. If this function succeeds, the state is
- * guaranteed to be completely filled in.
- */
-static int
-cmd_find_current_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
-{
-	/* If we know the current client, use it. */
-	if (fs->item != NULL && fs->item->client != NULL) {
-		log_debug("%s: have client %p%s", __func__, fs->item->client,
-		    fs->item->client->session == NULL ? "" : " (with session)");
-		if (fs->item->client->session == NULL)
-			return (cmd_find_current_session_with_client(fs));
-		fs->s = fs->item->client->session;
-		fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
-		fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
-		fs->w = fs->wl->window;
-		fs->wp = fs->w->active;
-		return (0);
-	}
-
-	/* We know nothing, find the best session and client. */
-	fs->s = cmd_find_best_session(NULL, 0, fs->flags);
-	if (fs->s == NULL)
-		return (-1);
-	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
-	fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
-	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
-	fs->wp = fs->w->active;
-
-	return (0);
-}
-
-/* Work out the best current client. */
-static struct client *
-cmd_find_current_client(struct cmdq_item *item)
-{
-	struct cmd_find_state	 current;
-	struct session		*s;
-	struct client		*c, **clist = NULL;
-	u_int		 	 csize;
-
-	/* If the queue client has a session, use it. */
-	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session != NULL) {
-		log_debug("%s: using item %p client %p", __func__, item,
-		    item->client);
-		return (item->client);
-	}
-
-	/* Otherwise find the current session. */
-	cmd_find_clear_state(&current, item, 0);
-	if (cmd_find_current_session(&current) != 0)
-		return (NULL);
-
-	/* If it is attached, find the best of it's clients. */
-	s = current.s;
-	log_debug("%s: current session $%u %s", __func__, s->id, s->name);
-	if (~s->flags & SESSION_UNATTACHED) {
-		csize = 0;
-		TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-			if (c->session != s)
-				continue;
-			clist = xreallocarray(clist, csize + 1, sizeof *clist);
-			clist[csize++] = c;
-		}
-		if (csize != 0) {
-			c = cmd_find_best_client(clist, csize);
-			if (c != NULL) {
-				free(clist);
-				return (c);
-			}
-		}
-		free(clist);
-	}
-
-	/* Otherwise pick best of all clients. */
-	return (cmd_find_best_client(NULL, 0));
-}
-
 /* Maps string in table. */
 static const char *
 cmd_find_map_table(const char *table[][2], const char *s)
@@ -537,7 +404,7 @@ cmd_find_get_window_with_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *window)
 					return (-1);
 				fs->idx = s->curw->idx + n;
 			} else {
-				if (n < s->curw->idx)
+				if (n > s->curw->idx)
 					return (-1);
 				fs->idx = s->curw->idx - n;
 			}
@@ -584,15 +451,15 @@ cmd_find_get_window_with_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *window)
 	if (window[0] != '+' && window[0] != '-') {
 		idx = strtonum(window, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 		if (errstr == NULL) {
-			if (fs->flags & CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX) {
-				fs->idx = idx;
-				return (0);
-			}
 			fs->wl = winlink_find_by_index(&fs->s->windows, idx);
 			if (fs->wl != NULL) {
 				fs->w = fs->wl->window;
 				return (0);
 			}
+			if (fs->flags & CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX) {
+				fs->idx = idx;
+				return (0);
+			}
 		}
 	}

@@ -657,7 +524,7 @@ cmd_find_get_pane(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane, int only)
 	/* Check for pane ids starting with %. */
 	if (*pane == '%') {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_by_id_str(pane);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		fs->w = fs->wp->window;
 		return (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(fs));
@@ -694,7 +561,7 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)
 	/* Check for pane ids starting with %. */
 	if (*pane == '%') {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_by_id_str(pane);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		fs->w = fs->wp->window;
 		return (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs));
@@ -726,7 +593,7 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)
 	/* Check for pane ids starting with %. */
 	if (*pane == '%') {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_by_id_str(pane);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		if (fs->wp->window != fs->w)
 			return (-1);
@@ -735,30 +602,28 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)

 	/* Try special characters. */
 	if (strcmp(pane, "!") == 0) {
-		if (fs->w->last == NULL)
-			return (-1);
 		fs->wp = fs->w->last;
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		return (0);
 	} else if (strcmp(pane, "{up-of}") == 0) {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_up(fs->w->active);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		return (0);
 	} else if (strcmp(pane, "{down-of}") == 0) {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_down(fs->w->active);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		return (0);
 	} else if (strcmp(pane, "{left-of}") == 0) {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_left(fs->w->active);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		return (0);
 	} else if (strcmp(pane, "{right-of}") == 0) {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_find_right(fs->w->active);
-		if (fs->wp == NULL || window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp == NULL)
 			return (-1);
 		return (0);
 	}
@@ -774,7 +639,7 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)
 			fs->wp = window_pane_next_by_number(fs->w, wp, n);
 		else
 			fs->wp = window_pane_previous_by_number(fs->w, wp, n);
-		if (fs->wp != NULL && !window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp != NULL)
 			return (0);
 	}

@@ -782,13 +647,13 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)
 	idx = strtonum(pane, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 	if (errstr == NULL) {
 		fs->wp = window_pane_at_index(fs->w, idx);
-		if (fs->wp != NULL && !window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+		if (fs->wp != NULL)
 			return (0);
 	}

 	/* Try as a description. */
 	fs->wp = window_find_string(fs->w, pane);
-	if (fs->wp != NULL && !window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+	if (fs->wp != NULL)
 		return (0);

 	return (-1);
@@ -796,18 +661,16 @@ cmd_find_get_pane_with_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *pane)

 /* Clear state. */
 void
-cmd_find_clear_state(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmdq_item *item,
-    int flags)
+cmd_find_clear_state(struct cmd_find_state *fs, int flags)
 {
 	memset(fs, 0, sizeof *fs);

-	fs->item = item;
 	fs->flags = flags;

 	fs->idx = -1;
 }

-/* Check if state is empty/ */
+/* Check if state is empty. */
 int
 cmd_find_empty_state(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 {
@@ -838,9 +701,7 @@ cmd_find_valid_state(struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 	if (fs->w != fs->wl->window)
 		return (0);

-	if (!window_has_pane(fs->w, fs->wp))
-		return (0);
-	return (!window_pane_outside(fs->wp));
+	return (window_has_pane(fs->w, fs->wp));
 }

 /* Copy a state. */
@@ -855,11 +716,11 @@ cmd_find_copy_state(struct cmd_find_state *dst, struct cmd_find_state *src)
 }

 /* Log the result. */
-void
+static void
 cmd_find_log_state(const char *prefix, struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 {
 	if (fs->s != NULL)
-		log_debug("%s: s=$%u", prefix, fs->s->id);
+		log_debug("%s: s=$%u %s", prefix, fs->s->id, fs->s->name);
 	else
 		log_debug("%s: s=none", prefix);
 	if (fs->wl != NULL) {
@@ -878,10 +739,10 @@ cmd_find_log_state(const char *prefix, struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 }

 /* Find state from a session. */
-int
-cmd_find_from_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s)
+void
+cmd_find_from_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s, int flags)
 {
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, NULL, 0);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);

 	fs->s = s;
 	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
@@ -889,36 +750,35 @@ cmd_find_from_session(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s)
 	fs->wp = fs->w->active;

 	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
-	return (0);
 }

 /* Find state from a winlink. */
-int
-cmd_find_from_winlink(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s,
-    struct winlink *wl)
+void
+cmd_find_from_winlink(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct winlink *wl, int flags)
 {
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, NULL, 0);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);

-	fs->s = s;
+	fs->s = wl->session;
 	fs->wl = wl;
 	fs->w = wl->window;
 	fs->wp = wl->window->active;

 	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
-	return (0);
 }

 /* Find state from a session and window. */
 int
 cmd_find_from_session_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s,
-    struct window *w)
+    struct window *w, int flags)
 {
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, NULL, 0);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);

 	fs->s = s;
 	fs->w = w;
-	if (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs) != 0)
+	if (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs) != 0) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
 		return (-1);
+	}
 	fs->wp = fs->w->active;

 	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
@@ -927,28 +787,46 @@ cmd_find_from_session_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct session *s,

 /* Find state from a window. */
 int
-cmd_find_from_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct window *w)
+cmd_find_from_window(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct window *w, int flags)
 {
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, NULL, 0);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);

 	fs->w = w;
-	if (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(fs) != 0)
+	if (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(fs) != 0) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
 		return (-1);
-	if (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs) != 0)
+	}
+	if (cmd_find_best_winlink_with_window(fs) != 0) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
 		return (-1);
+	}
 	fs->wp = fs->w->active;

 	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
 	return (0);
 }

+/* Find state from a winlink and pane. */
+void
+cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct winlink *wl,
+    struct window_pane *wp, int flags)
+{
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
+
+	fs->s = wl->session;
+	fs->wl = wl;
+	fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
+	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
+	fs->wp = wp;
+
+	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
+}
+
 /* Find state from a pane. */
 int
-cmd_find_from_pane(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct window_pane *wp)
+cmd_find_from_pane(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct window_pane *wp, int flags)
 {
-	if (cmd_find_from_window(fs, wp->window) != 0)
-		return (-1);
-	if (window_pane_outside(wp))
+	if (cmd_find_from_window(fs, wp->window, flags) != 0)
 		return (-1);
 	fs->wp = wp;

@@ -956,56 +834,184 @@ cmd_find_from_pane(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct window_pane *wp)
 	return (0);
 }

-/* Find current state. */
+/* Find state from nothing. */
 int
-cmd_find_current(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmdq_item *item, int flags)
+cmd_find_from_nothing(struct cmd_find_state *fs, int flags)
 {
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, item, flags);
-	if (cmd_find_current_session(fs) != 0) {
-		if (~flags & CMD_FIND_QUIET)
-			cmdq_error(item, "no current session");
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
+
+	fs->s = cmd_find_best_session(NULL, 0, flags);
+	if (fs->s == NULL) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
 		return (-1);
 	}
+	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
+	fs->idx = fs->wl->idx;
+	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
+	fs->wp = fs->w->active;
+
+	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
 	return (0);
 }

+/* Find state from mouse. */
+int
+cmd_find_from_mouse(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct mouse_event *m, int flags)
+{
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
+
+	if (!m->valid)
+		return (-1);
+
+	fs->wp = cmd_mouse_pane(m, &fs->s, &fs->wl);
+	if (fs->wp == NULL) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
+		return (-1);
+	}
+	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
+
+	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+/* Find state from client. */
+int
+cmd_find_from_client(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct client *c, int flags)
+{
+	struct session		*s;
+	struct winlink		*wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp;
+
+	/* If no client, treat as from nothing. */
+	if (c == NULL)
+		return (cmd_find_from_nothing(fs, flags));
+
+	/* If this is an attached client, all done. */
+	if (c->session != NULL) {
+		cmd_find_from_session(fs, c->session, flags);
+		return (0);
+	}
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);
+
+	/*
+	 * If this is an unattached client running in a pane, we can use that
+	 * to limit the list of sessions to those containing that pane.
+	 */
+	wp = cmd_find_inside_pane(c);
+	if (wp == NULL)
+		goto unknown_pane;
+
+	/* If we have a session in TMUX, see if it has this pane. */
+	s = cmd_find_try_TMUX(c);
+	if (s != NULL) {
+		RB_FOREACH(wl, winlinks, &s->windows) {
+			if (window_has_pane(wl->window, wp))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (wl != NULL) {
+			log_debug("%s: session $%u has pane %%%u", __func__,
+			    s->id, wp->id);
+
+			fs->s = s;
+			fs->wl = s->curw; /* use current session */
+			fs->w = fs->wl->window;
+			fs->wp = fs->w->active; /* use active pane */
+
+			cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
+			return (0);
+		} else {
+			log_debug("%s: session $%u does not have pane %%%u",
+			    __func__, s->id, wp->id);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't have a session, or it doesn't have this pane. Try all
+	 * sessions.
+	 */
+	fs->w = wp->window;
+	if (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(fs) != 0) {
+		/*
+		 * The window may have been destroyed but the pane
+		 * still on all_window_panes due to something else
+		 * holding a reference.
+		 */
+		goto unknown_pane;
+	}
+	fs->wl = fs->s->curw;
+	fs->w = fs->wl->window;
+	fs->wp = fs->w->active; /* use active pane */
+
+	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, fs);
+	return (0);
+
+unknown_pane:
+	/*
+	 * We're not running in a known pane, but maybe this client has TMUX
+	 * in the environment. That'd give us a session.
+	 */
+	s = cmd_find_try_TMUX(c);
+	if (s != NULL) {
+		cmd_find_from_session(fs, s, flags);
+		return (0);
+	}
+
+	/* Otherwise we need to guess. */
+	return (cmd_find_from_nothing(fs, flags));
+}
+
 /*
 * Split target into pieces and resolve for the given type. Fills in the given
 * state. Returns 0 on success or -1 on error.
 */
 int
-cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmd_find_state *current,
-    struct cmdq_item *item, const char *target, enum cmd_find_type type,
-    int flags)
+cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmdq_item *item,
+    const char *target, enum cmd_find_type type, int flags)
 {
 	struct mouse_event	*m;
+	struct cmd_find_state	 current;
 	char			*colon, *period, *copy = NULL;
-	const char		*session, *window, *pane;
+	const char		*session, *window, *pane, *s;
 	int			 window_only = 0, pane_only = 0;

+	/* Can fail flag implies quiet. */
+	if (flags & CMD_FIND_CANFAIL)
+		flags |= CMD_FIND_QUIET;
+
 	/* Log the arguments. */
-	if (target == NULL)
-		log_debug("%s: target none, type %d", __func__, type);
+	if (type == CMD_FIND_PANE)
+		s = "pane";
+	else if (type == CMD_FIND_WINDOW)
+		s = "window";
+	else if (type == CMD_FIND_SESSION)
+		s = "session";
 	else
-		log_debug("%s: target %s, type %d", __func__, target, type);
+		s = "unknown";
+	if (target == NULL)
+		log_debug("%s: target none, type %s", __func__, s);
+	else
+		log_debug("%s: target %s, type %s", __func__, target, s);
 	log_debug("%s: item %p, flags %#x", __func__, item, flags);

 	/* Clear new state. */
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, item, flags);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, flags);

 	/* Find current state. */
 	if (server_check_marked() && (flags & CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED)) {
 		fs->current = &marked_pane;
 		log_debug("%s: current is marked pane", __func__);
-	} else if (cmd_find_valid_state(&item->current)) {
-		fs->current = &item->current;
+	} else if (cmd_find_valid_state(&item->shared->current)) {
+		fs->current = &item->shared->current;
 		log_debug("%s: current is from queue", __func__);
+	} else if (cmd_find_from_client(&current, item->client, flags) == 0) {
+		fs->current = &current;
+		log_debug("%s: current is from client", __func__);
 	} else {
-		fs->current = current;
-		log_debug("%s: current is from argument", __func__);
+		if (~flags & CMD_FIND_QUIET)
+			cmdq_error(item, "no current target");
+		goto error;
 	}
-	if (!cmd_find_empty_state(fs->current) &&
-	    !cmd_find_valid_state(fs->current))
+	if (!cmd_find_valid_state(fs->current))
 		fatalx("invalid current find state");

 	/* An empty or NULL target is the current. */
@@ -1014,11 +1020,11 @@ cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmd_find_state *current,

 	/* Mouse target is a plain = or {mouse}. */
 	if (strcmp(target, "=") == 0 || strcmp(target, "{mouse}") == 0) {
-		m = &item->mouse;
+		m = &item->shared->mouse;
 		switch (type) {
 		case CMD_FIND_PANE:
 			fs->wp = cmd_mouse_pane(m, &fs->s, &fs->wl);
-			if (fs->wp != NULL && !window_pane_outside(fs->wp))
+			if (fs->wp != NULL)
 				fs->w = fs->wl->window;
 			break;
 		case CMD_FIND_WINDOW:
@@ -1125,8 +1131,8 @@ cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 	if (pane != NULL)
 		pane = cmd_find_map_table(cmd_find_pane_table, pane);

-	log_debug("target %s (flags %#x): session=%s, window=%s, pane=%s",
-	    target, flags, session == NULL ? "none" : session,
+	log_debug("%s: target %s (flags %#x): session=%s, window=%s, pane=%s",
+	    __func__, target, flags, session == NULL ? "none" : session,
 	    window == NULL ? "none" : window, pane == NULL ? "none" : pane);

 	/* No pane is allowed if want an index. */
@@ -1156,7 +1162,8 @@ cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 			/* This will fill in winlink and window. */
 			if (cmd_find_get_window_with_session(fs, window) != 0)
 				goto no_window;
-			fs->wp = fs->wl->window->active;
+			if (fs->wl != NULL) /* can be NULL if index only */
+				fs->wp = fs->wl->window->active;
 			goto found;
 		}

@@ -1196,7 +1203,8 @@ cmd_find_target(struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 		/* This will fill in session, winlink and window. */
 		if (cmd_find_get_window(fs, window, window_only) != 0)
 			goto no_window;
-		fs->wp = fs->wl->window->active;
+		if (fs->wl != NULL) /* can be NULL if index only */
+			fs->wp = fs->wl->window->active;
 		goto found;
 	}

@@ -1220,6 +1228,8 @@ error:
 	log_debug("%s: error", __func__);

 	free(copy);
+	if (flags & CMD_FIND_CANFAIL)
+		return (0);
 	return (-1);

 found:
@@ -1245,6 +1255,35 @@ no_pane:
 	goto error;
 }

+/* Find the current client. */
+static struct client *
+cmd_find_current_client(struct cmdq_item *item, int quiet)
+{
+	struct client		*c;
+	struct session		*s;
+	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct cmd_find_state	 fs;
+
+	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session != NULL)
+		return (item->client);
+
+	c = NULL;
+	if ((wp = cmd_find_inside_pane(item->client)) != NULL) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(&fs, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
+		fs.w = wp->window;
+		if (cmd_find_best_session_with_window(&fs) == 0)
+			c = cmd_find_best_client(fs.s);
+	} else {
+		s = cmd_find_best_session(NULL, 0, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
+		if (s != NULL)
+			c = cmd_find_best_client(s);
+	}
+	if (c == NULL && !quiet)
+		cmdq_error(item, "no current client");
+	log_debug("%s: no target, return %p", __func__, c);
+	return (c);
+}
+
 /* Find the target client or report an error and return NULL. */
 struct client *
 cmd_find_client(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *target, int quiet)
@@ -1254,13 +1293,8 @@ cmd_find_client(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *target, int quiet)
 	size_t		 size;

 	/* A NULL argument means the current client. */
-	if (item != NULL && target == NULL) {
-		c = cmd_find_current_client(item);
-		if (c == NULL && !quiet)
-			cmdq_error(item, "no current client");
-		log_debug("%s: no target, return %p", __func__, c);
-		return (c);
-	}
+	if (target == NULL)
+		return (cmd_find_current_client(item, quiet));
 	copy = xstrdup(target);

 	/* Trim a single trailing colon if any. */
--- a/cmd-if-shell.c
+++ b/cmd-if-shell.c
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@

 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmdq_item *);

-static enum cmd_retval	cmd_if_shell_error(struct cmdq_item *, void *);
 static void		cmd_if_shell_callback(struct job *);
 static void		cmd_if_shell_free(void *);

@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_if_shell_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-bF] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " shell-command command "
 		 "[command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_if_shell_exec
@@ -65,22 +64,15 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
+	struct cmdq_shared		*shared = item->shared;
 	struct cmd_if_shell_data	*cdata;
 	char				*shellcmd, *cmd, *cause;
 	struct cmd_list			*cmdlist;
 	struct cmdq_item		*new_item;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct session			*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_pane		*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	const char			*cwd;
-
-	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
-		cwd = item->client->cwd;
-	else if (s != NULL)
-		cwd = s->cwd;
-	else
-		cwd = NULL;
+	struct client			*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session			*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink			*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane		*wp = item->target.wp;

 	shellcmd = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, wp);
 	if (args_has(args, 'F')) {
@@ -100,7 +92,7 @@ cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			}
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, NULL, &item->mouse, 0);
+		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, NULL, &shared->mouse, 0);
 		cmdq_insert_after(item, new_item);
 		cmd_list_free(cmdlist);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
@@ -119,16 +111,17 @@ cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		cdata->cmd_else = NULL;

 	cdata->client = item->client;
-	cdata->client->references++;
+	if (cdata->client != NULL)
+		cdata->client->references++;

 	if (!args_has(args, 'b'))
 		cdata->item = item;
 	else
 		cdata->item = NULL;
-	memcpy(&cdata->mouse, &item->mouse, sizeof cdata->mouse);
+	memcpy(&cdata->mouse, &shared->mouse, sizeof cdata->mouse);

-	job_run(shellcmd, s, cwd, cmd_if_shell_callback, cmd_if_shell_free,
-	    cdata);
+	job_run(shellcmd, s, server_client_get_cwd(item->client, s), NULL,
+	    cmd_if_shell_callback, cmd_if_shell_free, cdata, 0);
 	free(shellcmd);

 	if (args_has(args, 'b'))
@@ -136,17 +129,6 @@ cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	return (CMD_RETURN_WAIT);
 }

-static enum cmd_retval
-cmd_if_shell_error(struct cmdq_item *item, void *data)
-{
-	char	*error = data;
-
-	cmdq_error(item, "%s", error);
-	free(error);
-
-	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-}
-
 static void
 cmd_if_shell_callback(struct job *job)
 {
@@ -166,10 +148,10 @@ cmd_if_shell_callback(struct job *job)

 	cmdlist = cmd_string_parse(cmd, file, line, &cause);
 	if (cmdlist == NULL) {
-		if (cause != NULL)
-			new_item = cmdq_get_callback(cmd_if_shell_error, cause);
-		else
-			new_item = NULL;
+		if (cause != NULL && cdata->item != NULL)
+			cmdq_error(cdata->item, "%s", cause);
+		free(cause);
+		new_item = NULL;
 	} else {
 		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, NULL, &cdata->mouse, 0);
 		cmd_list_free(cmdlist);
@@ -192,7 +174,8 @@ cmd_if_shell_free(void *data)
 {
 	struct cmd_if_shell_data	*cdata = data;

-	server_client_unref(cdata->client);
+	if (cdata->client != NULL)
+		server_client_unref(cdata->client);

 	free(cdata->cmd_else);
 	free(cdata->cmd_if);
--- a/cmd-join-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-join-pane.c
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_join_pane_entry = {
 	.args = { "bdhvp:l:s:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-bdhv] [-p percentage|-l size] " CMD_SRCDST_PANE_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_PANE_MARKED,
-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_PANE, CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED },
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_join_pane_exec
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_move_pane_entry = {
 	.args = { "bdhvp:l:s:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-bdhv] [-p percentage|-l size] " CMD_SRCDST_PANE_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_PANE,
-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_join_pane_exec
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_join_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
 	struct session		*dst_s;
 	struct winlink		*src_wl, *dst_wl;
 	struct window		*src_w, *dst_w;
@@ -77,15 +78,15 @@ cmd_join_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	else
 		not_same_window = 0;

-	dst_s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	dst_wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	dst_wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	dst_s = item->target.s;
+	dst_wl = item->target.wl;
+	dst_wp = item->target.wp;
 	dst_w = dst_wl->window;
 	dst_idx = dst_wl->idx;
 	server_unzoom_window(dst_w);

-	src_wl = item->state.sflag.wl;
-	src_wp = item->state.sflag.wp;
+	src_wl = item->source.wl;
+	src_wp = item->source.wp;
 	src_w = src_wl->window;
 	server_unzoom_window(src_w);

@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ cmd_join_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (!args_has(args, 'd')) {
 		window_set_active_pane(dst_w, src_wp);
 		session_select(dst_s, dst_idx);
+		cmd_find_from_session(current, dst_s, 0);
 		server_redraw_session(dst_s);
 	} else
 		server_status_session(dst_s);
--- a/cmd-kill-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-kill-pane.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_kill_pane_entry = {
 	.args = { "at:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-a] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_kill_pane_exec
@@ -44,12 +44,11 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_kill_pane_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_kill_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_pane	*loopwp, *tmpwp, *wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-
-	server_unzoom_window(wl->window);
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane	*loopwp, *tmpwp, *wp = item->target.wp;

 	if (args_has(self->args, 'a')) {
+		server_unzoom_window(wl->window);
 		TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(loopwp, &wl->window->panes, entry, tmpwp) {
 			if (loopwp == wp)
 				continue;
@@ -60,13 +59,6 @@ cmd_kill_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

-	if (window_count_panes(wl->window) == 1) {
-		server_kill_window(wl->window);
-		recalculate_sizes();
-	} else {
-		layout_close_pane(wp);
-		window_remove_pane(wl->window, wp);
-		server_redraw_window(wl->window);
-	}
+	server_kill_pane(wp);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
--- a/cmd-kill-session.c
+++ b/cmd-kill-session.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_kill_session_entry = {
 	.args = { "aCt:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-aC] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_kill_session_exec
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ cmd_kill_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct session	*s, *sloop, *stmp;
 	struct winlink	*wl;

-	s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	s = item->target.s;

 	if (args_has(args, 'C')) {
 		RB_FOREACH(wl, winlinks, &s->windows) {
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ cmd_kill_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		RB_FOREACH_SAFE(sloop, sessions, &sessions, stmp) {
 			if (sloop != s) {
 				server_destroy_session(sloop);
-				session_destroy(sloop);
+				session_destroy(sloop, __func__);
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		server_destroy_session(s);
-		session_destroy(s);
+		session_destroy(s, __func__);
 	}
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
--- a/cmd-kill-window.c
+++ b/cmd-kill-window.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_kill_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "at:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-a] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_kill_window_exec
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_unlink_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "kt:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-k] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_kill_window_exec
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_kill_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl, *wl2, *wl3;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl, *wl2, *wl3;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_unlink_window_entry) {
 		if (!args_has(self->args, 'k') && !session_is_linked(s, w)) {
--- a/cmd-list-buffers.c
+++ b/cmd-list-buffers.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ cmd_list_buffers_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)

 	pb = NULL;
 	while ((pb = paste_walk(pb)) != NULL) {
-		ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 		format_defaults_paste_buffer(ft, pb);

 		line = format_expand(ft, template);
--- a/cmd-list-clients.c
+++ b/cmd-list-clients.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_list_clients_entry = {
 	.args = { "F:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-F format] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_READONLY|CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_list_clients_exec
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ cmd_list_clients_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	char			*line;

 	if (args_has(args, 't'))
-		s = item->state.tflag.s;
+		s = item->target.s;
 	else
 		s = NULL;

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ cmd_list_clients_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		if (c->session == NULL || (s != NULL && s != c->session))
 			continue;

-		ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 		format_add(ft, "line", "%u", idx);
 		format_defaults(ft, c, NULL, NULL, NULL);

--- a/cmd-list-keys.c
+++ b/cmd-list-keys.c
@@ -75,13 +75,17 @@ cmd_list_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)

 	repeat = 0;
 	tablewidth = keywidth = 0;
-	RB_FOREACH(table, key_tables, &key_tables) {
-		if (tablename != NULL && strcmp(table->name, tablename) != 0)
+	table = key_bindings_first_table ();
+	while (table != NULL) {
+		if (tablename != NULL && strcmp(table->name, tablename) != 0) {
+			table = key_bindings_next_table(table);
 			continue;
-		RB_FOREACH(bd, key_bindings, &table->key_bindings) {
+		}
+		bd = key_bindings_first(table);
+		while (bd != NULL) {
 			key = key_string_lookup_key(bd->key);

-			if (bd->can_repeat)
+			if (bd->flags & KEY_BINDING_REPEAT)
 				repeat = 1;

 			width = utf8_cstrwidth(table->name);
@@ -90,18 +94,25 @@ cmd_list_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			width = utf8_cstrwidth(key);
 			if (width > keywidth)
 				keywidth = width;
+
+			bd = key_bindings_next(table, bd);
 		}
+		table = key_bindings_next_table(table);
 	}

-	RB_FOREACH(table, key_tables, &key_tables) {
-		if (tablename != NULL && strcmp(table->name, tablename) != 0)
+	table = key_bindings_first_table ();
+	while (table != NULL) {
+		if (tablename != NULL && strcmp(table->name, tablename) != 0) {
+			table = key_bindings_next_table(table);
 			continue;
-		RB_FOREACH(bd, key_bindings, &table->key_bindings) {
+		}
+		bd = key_bindings_first(table);
+		while (bd != NULL) {
 			key = key_string_lookup_key(bd->key);

 			if (!repeat)
 				r = "";
-			else if (bd->can_repeat)
+			else if (bd->flags & KEY_BINDING_REPEAT)
 				r = "-r ";
 			else
 				r = "   ";
@@ -122,7 +133,9 @@ cmd_list_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			free(cp);

 			cmdq_print(item, "bind-key %s", tmp);
+			bd = key_bindings_next(table, bd);
 		}
+		table = key_bindings_next_table(table);
 	}

 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
@@ -144,7 +157,7 @@ cmd_list_keys_commands(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		    "#{command_list_usage}";
 	}

-	ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 	format_defaults(ft, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

 	for (entryp = cmd_table; *entryp != NULL; entryp++) {
--- a/cmd-list-panes.c
+++ b/cmd-list-panes.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_list_panes_entry = {
 	.args = { "asF:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-as] [-F format] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_list_panes_exec
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_list_panes_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct session	*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink	*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct session	*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink	*wl = item->target.wl;

 	if (args_has(args, 'a'))
 		cmd_list_panes_server(self, item);
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ cmd_list_panes_window(struct cmd *self, struct session *s, struct winlink *wl,

 	n = 0;
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &wl->window->panes, entry) {
-		ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 		format_add(ft, "line", "%u", n);
 		format_defaults(ft, NULL, s, wl, wp);

--- a/cmd-list-sessions.c
+++ b/cmd-list-sessions.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ cmd_list_sessions_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)

 	n = 0;
 	RB_FOREACH(s, sessions, &sessions) {
-		ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 		format_add(ft, "line", "%u", n);
 		format_defaults(ft, NULL, s, NULL, NULL);

--- a/cmd-list-windows.c
+++ b/cmd-list-windows.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_list_windows_entry = {
 	.args = { "F:at:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-a] [-F format] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_list_windows_exec
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ cmd_list_windows_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(args, 'a'))
 		cmd_list_windows_server(self, item);
 	else
-		cmd_list_windows_session(self, item->state.tflag.s, item, 0);
+		cmd_list_windows_session(self, item->target.s, item, 0);

 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ cmd_list_windows_session(struct cmd *self, struct session *s,
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
 	struct winlink		*wl;
-	u_int			n;
+	u_int			 n;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
 	const char		*template;
 	char			*line;
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ cmd_list_windows_session(struct cmd *self, struct session *s,

 	n = 0;
 	RB_FOREACH(wl, winlinks, &s->windows) {
-		ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 		format_add(ft, "line", "%u", n);
 		format_defaults(ft, NULL, s, wl, NULL);

--- a/cmd-load-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-load-buffer.c
@@ -56,10 +56,14 @@ cmd_load_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	struct cmd_load_buffer_data	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c = item->client;
+	struct client			*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session			*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink			*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane		*wp = item->target.wp;
 	FILE				*f;
-	const char			*path, *bufname;
-	char				*pdata, *new_pdata, *cause, *file;
+	const char			*bufname;
+	char				*pdata = NULL, *new_pdata, *cause;
+	char				*path, *file;
 	size_t				 psize;
 	int				 ch, error;

@@ -67,8 +71,11 @@ cmd_load_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(args, 'b'))
 		bufname = args_get(args, 'b');

-	path = args->argv[0];
+	path = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, wp);
 	if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
+		free(path);
+		c = item->client;
+
 		cdata = xcalloc(1, sizeof *cdata);
 		cdata->item = item;

@@ -78,7 +85,7 @@ cmd_load_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		error = server_set_stdin_callback(c, cmd_load_buffer_callback,
 		    cdata, &cause);
 		if (error != 0) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "%s: %s", path, cause);
+			cmdq_error(item, "-: %s", cause);
 			free(cause);
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
@@ -86,11 +93,12 @@ cmd_load_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}

 	file = server_client_get_path(c, path);
+	free(path);
+
 	f = fopen(file, "rb");
 	if (f == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "%s: %s", file, strerror(errno));
-		free(file);
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+		goto error;
 	}

 	pdata = NULL;
@@ -127,6 +135,7 @@ error:
 	free(pdata);
 	if (f != NULL)
 		fclose(f);
+	free(file);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 }

--- a/cmd-lock-server.c
+++ b/cmd-lock-server.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_lock_session_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_lock_server_exec
@@ -57,22 +57,25 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_lock_client_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_lock_server_exec
 };

 static enum cmd_retval
-cmd_lock_server_exec(struct cmd *self, __unused struct cmdq_item *item)
+cmd_lock_server_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
+	struct args	*args = self->args;
+	struct client	*c;
+
 	if (self->entry == &cmd_lock_server_entry)
 		server_lock();
 	else if (self->entry == &cmd_lock_session_entry)
-		server_lock_session(item->state.tflag.s);
-	else
-		server_lock_client(item->state.c);
-
+		server_lock_session(item->target.s);
+	else {
+		if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+		server_lock_client(c);
+	}
 	recalculate_sizes();

 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
--- a/cmd-move-window.c
+++ b/cmd-move-window.c
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_move_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "adkrs:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-dkr] " CMD_SRCDST_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_WINDOW,
-	.tflag = CMD_MOVEW_R,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },
+	/* -t is special */

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_move_window_exec
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_link_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "adks:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-dk] " CMD_SRCDST_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_WINDOW,
-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_INDEX,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },
+	/* -t is special */

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_move_window_exec
@@ -60,18 +60,31 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_move_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct session	*src = item->state.sflag.s;
-	struct session	*dst = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink	*wl = item->state.sflag.wl;
+	const char	*tflag = args_get(args, 't');
+	struct session	*src;
+	struct session	*dst;
+	struct winlink	*wl;
 	char		*cause;
-	int		 idx = item->state.tflag.idx, kflag, dflag, sflag;
+	int		 idx, kflag, dflag, sflag;

 	if (args_has(args, 'r')) {
-		session_renumber_windows(dst);
+		if (cmd_find_target(&item->target, item, tflag,
+		    CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_QUIET) != 0)
+			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
+		session_renumber_windows(item->target.s);
 		recalculate_sizes();
+		server_status_session(item->target.s);

 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}
+	if (cmd_find_target(&item->target, item, tflag, CMD_FIND_WINDOW,
+	    CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX) != 0)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	src = item->source.s;
+	dst = item->target.s;
+	wl = item->source.wl;
+	idx = item->target.idx;

 	kflag = args_has(self->args, 'k');
 	dflag = args_has(self->args, 'd');
--- a/cmd-new-session.c
+++ b/cmd-new-session.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_new_session_entry = {
 		 "[-s session-name] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " [-x width] "
 		 "[-y height] [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_STARTSERVER,
 	.exec = cmd_new_session_exec
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_has_session_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_new_session_exec
@@ -73,18 +73,20 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct environ		*env;
 	struct termios		 tio, *tiop;
 	struct session_group	*sg;
-	const char		*newname, *errstr, *template, *group, *prefix;
-	const char		*path, *cmd, *cwd, *to_free = NULL;
-	char		       **argv, *cause, *cp;
+	const char		*errstr, *template, *group, *prefix;
+	const char		*path, *cmd, *tmp;
+	char		       **argv, *cause, *cp, *newname, *cwd = NULL;
 	int			 detached, already_attached, idx, argc;
+	int			 is_control = 0;
 	u_int			 sx, sy;
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;
 	struct cmd_find_state	 fs;
+	enum cmd_retval		 retval;

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_has_session_entry) {
 		/*
-		 * cmd_prepare() will fail if the session cannot be found,
-		 * hence always return success here.
+		 * cmd_find_target() will fail if the session cannot be found,
+		 * so always return success here.
 		 */
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}
@@ -94,34 +96,31 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}

-	newname = args_get(args, 's');
-	if (newname != NULL) {
+	newname = NULL;
+	if (args_has(args, 's')) {
+		newname = format_single(item, args_get(args, 's'), c, NULL,
+		    NULL, NULL);
 		if (!session_check_name(newname)) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "bad session name: %s", newname);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto error;
 		}
 		if ((as = session_find(newname)) != NULL) {
 			if (args_has(args, 'A')) {
-				/*
-				 * This item is now destined for
-				 * attach-session. Because attach-session will
-				 * have already been prepared, copy this
-				 * session into its tflag so it can be used.
-				 */
-				cmd_find_from_session(&item->state.tflag, as);
-				return (cmd_attach_session(item,
-				    args_has(args, 'D'), 0, NULL,
-				    args_has(args, 'E')));
+				retval = cmd_attach_session(item,
+				    newname, args_has(args, 'D'),
+				    0, NULL, args_has(args, 'E'));
+				free(newname);
+				return (retval);
 			}
 			cmdq_error(item, "duplicate session: %s", newname);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto error;
 		}
 	}

 	/* Is this going to be part of a session group? */
 	group = args_get(args, 't');
 	if (group != NULL) {
-		groupwith = item->state.tflag.s;
+		groupwith = item->target.s;
 		if (groupwith == NULL) {
 			if (!session_check_name(group)) {
 				cmdq_error(item, "bad group name: %s", group);
@@ -146,6 +145,8 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	detached = args_has(args, 'd');
 	if (c == NULL)
 		detached = 1;
+	else if (c->flags & CLIENT_CONTROL)
+		is_control = 1;

 	/* Is this client already attached? */
 	already_attached = 0;
@@ -153,13 +154,10 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		already_attached = 1;

 	/* Get the new session working directory. */
-	if (args_has(args, 'c')) {
-		cwd = args_get(args, 'c');
-		to_free = cwd = format_single(item, cwd, c, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-	} else if (c != NULL && c->session == NULL && c->cwd != NULL)
-		cwd = c->cwd;
+	if ((tmp = args_get(args, 'c')) != NULL)
+		cwd = format_single(item, tmp, c, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 	else
-		cwd = ".";
+		cwd = xstrdup(server_client_get_cwd(c, NULL));

 	/*
 	 * If this is a new client, check for nesting and save the termios
@@ -192,29 +190,43 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}

 	/* Find new session size. */
-	if (c != NULL) {
+	if (!detached) {
 		sx = c->tty.sx;
 		sy = c->tty.sy;
+		if (!is_control &&
+		    sy > 0 &&
+		    options_get_number(global_s_options, "status"))
+			sy--;
 	} else {
 		sx = 80;
 		sy = 24;
 	}
-	if (detached && args_has(args, 'x')) {
-		sx = strtonum(args_get(args, 'x'), 1, USHRT_MAX, &errstr);
-		if (errstr != NULL) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "width %s", errstr);
-			goto error;
+	if ((is_control || detached) && args_has(args, 'x')) {
+		tmp = args_get(args, 'x');
+		if (strcmp(tmp, "-") == 0) {
+			if (c != NULL)
+				sx = c->tty.sx;
+		} else {
+			sx = strtonum(tmp, 1, USHRT_MAX, &errstr);
+			if (errstr != NULL) {
+				cmdq_error(item, "width %s", errstr);
+				goto error;
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	if (detached && args_has(args, 'y')) {
-		sy = strtonum(args_get(args, 'y'), 1, USHRT_MAX, &errstr);
-		if (errstr != NULL) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "height %s", errstr);
-			goto error;
+	if ((is_control || detached) && args_has(args, 'y')) {
+		tmp = args_get(args, 'y');
+		if (strcmp(tmp, "-") == 0) {
+			if (c != NULL)
+				sy = c->tty.sy;
+		} else {
+			sy = strtonum(tmp, 1, USHRT_MAX, &errstr);
+			if (errstr != NULL) {
+				cmdq_error(item, "height %s", errstr);
+				goto error;
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	if (sy > 0 && options_get_number(global_s_options, "status"))
-		sy--;
 	if (sx == 0)
 		sx = 1;
 	if (sy == 0)
@@ -262,10 +274,12 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}

 	/* Set the initial window name if one given. */
-	if (argc >= 0 && args_has(args, 'n')) {
+	if (argc >= 0 && (tmp = args_get(args, 'n')) != NULL) {
+		cp = format_single(item, tmp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
 		w = s->curw->window;
-		window_set_name(w, args_get(args, 'n'));
+		window_set_name(w, cp);
 		options_set_number(w->options, "automatic-rename", 0);
+		free(cp);
 	}

 	/*
@@ -297,7 +311,7 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		} else if (c->session != NULL)
 			c->last_session = c->session;
 		c->session = s;
-		if (!item->repeat)
+		if (~item->shared->flags & CMDQ_SHARED_REPEAT)
 			server_client_set_key_table(c, NULL);
 		status_timer_start(c);
 		notify_client("client-session-changed", c);
@@ -324,19 +338,20 @@ cmd_new_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		free(cp);
 	}

-	if (!detached)
+	if (!detached) {
 		c->flags |= CLIENT_ATTACHED;
+		cmd_find_from_session(&item->shared->current, s, 0);
+	}

-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
-
-	cmd_find_from_session(&fs, s);
+	cmd_find_from_session(&fs, s, 0);
 	hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, &fs, "after-new-session");

+	free(cwd);
+	free(newname);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

 error:
-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
+	free(cwd);
+	free(newname);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 }
--- a/cmd-new-window.c
+++ b/cmd-new-window.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_new_window_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-adkP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] [-n window-name] "
 		 CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_INDEX,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_new_window_exec
@@ -52,17 +52,18 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_new_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	int			 idx = item->state.tflag.idx;
-	const char		*cmd, *path, *template, *cwd, *to_free;
-	char		       **argv, *cause, *cp;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	int			 idx = item->target.idx;
+	const char		*cmd, *path, *template, *tmp;
+	char		       **argv, *cause, *cp, *cwd, *name;
 	int			 argc, detached;
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;
 	struct cmd_find_state	 fs;

-	if (args_has(args, 'a')) {
+	if (args_has(args, 'a') && wl != NULL) {
 		if ((idx = winlink_shuffle_up(s, wl)) == -1) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "no free window indexes");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
@@ -92,16 +93,16 @@ cmd_new_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (envent != NULL)
 		path = envent->value;

-	to_free = NULL;
-	if (args_has(args, 'c')) {
-		cwd = args_get(args, 'c');
-		to_free = cwd = format_single(item, cwd, c, s, NULL, NULL);
-	} else if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
-		cwd = item->client->cwd;
+	if ((tmp = args_get(args, 'c')) != NULL)
+		cwd = format_single(item, tmp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
 	else
-		cwd = s->cwd;
+		cwd = xstrdup(server_client_get_cwd(item->client, s));
+
+	if ((tmp = args_get(args, 'n')) != NULL)
+		name = format_single(item, tmp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
+	else
+		name = NULL;

-	wl = NULL;
 	if (idx != -1)
 		wl = winlink_find_by_index(&s->windows, idx);
 	if (wl != NULL && args_has(args, 'k')) {
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ cmd_new_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)

 	if (idx == -1)
 		idx = -1 - options_get_number(s->options, "base-index");
-	wl = session_new(s, args_get(args, 'n'), argc, argv, path, cwd, idx,
+	wl = session_new(s, name, argc, argv, path, cwd, idx,
 		&cause);
 	if (wl == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "create window failed: %s", cause);
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ cmd_new_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}
 	if (!detached) {
 		session_select(s, wl->idx);
+		cmd_find_from_winlink(current, wl, 0);
 		server_redraw_session_group(s);
 	} else
 		server_status_session_group(s);
@@ -144,16 +146,15 @@ cmd_new_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		free(cp);
 	}

-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
-
-	cmd_find_from_winlink(&fs, s, wl);
+	cmd_find_from_winlink(&fs, wl, 0);
 	hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, &fs, "after-new-window");

+	free(name);
+	free(cwd);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

 error:
-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
+	free(name);
+	free(cwd);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 }
--- a/cmd-paste-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-paste-buffer.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_paste_buffer_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-dpr] [-s separator] " CMD_BUFFER_USAGE " "
 		 CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_paste_buffer_exec
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_paste_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
 	struct paste_buffer	*pb;
 	const char		*sepstr, *bufname, *bufdata, *bufend, *line;
 	size_t			 seplen, bufsize;
--- a/cmd-pipe-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-pipe-pane.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@

 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <signal.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <time.h>
@@ -34,16 +35,18 @@

 static enum cmd_retval	cmd_pipe_pane_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmdq_item *);

+static void cmd_pipe_pane_read_callback(struct bufferevent *, void *);
+static void cmd_pipe_pane_write_callback(struct bufferevent *, void *);
 static void cmd_pipe_pane_error_callback(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);

 const struct cmd_entry cmd_pipe_pane_entry = {
 	.name = "pipe-pane",
 	.alias = "pipep",

-	.args = { "ot:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = "[-o] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [command]",
+	.args = { "IOot:", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-IOo] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_pipe_pane_exec
@@ -53,13 +56,14 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_pipe_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	char			*cmd;
-	int			 old_fd, pipe_fd[2], null_fd;
+	int			 old_fd, pipe_fd[2], null_fd, in, out;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
+	sigset_t		 set, oldset;

 	/* Destroy the old pipe. */
 	old_fd = wp->pipe_fd;
@@ -67,6 +71,11 @@ cmd_pipe_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		bufferevent_free(wp->pipe_event);
 		close(wp->pipe_fd);
 		wp->pipe_fd = -1;
+
+		if (window_pane_destroy_ready(wp)) {
+			server_destroy_pane(wp, 1);
+			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+		}
 	}

 	/* If no pipe command, that is enough. */
@@ -82,6 +91,15 @@ cmd_pipe_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(self->args, 'o') && old_fd != -1)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

+	/* What do we want to do? Neither -I or -O is -O. */
+	if (args_has(self->args, 'I')) {
+		in = 1;
+		out = args_has(self->args, 'O');
+	} else {
+		in = 0;
+		out = 1;
+	}
+
 	/* Open the new pipe. */
 	if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC, pipe_fd) != 0) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "socketpair error: %s", strerror(errno));
@@ -89,65 +107,114 @@ cmd_pipe_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}

 	/* Expand the command. */
-	ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 	format_defaults(ft, c, s, wl, wp);
 	cmd = format_expand_time(ft, args->argv[0], time(NULL));
 	format_free(ft);

 	/* Fork the child. */
+	sigfillset(&set);
+	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oldset);
 	switch (fork()) {
 	case -1:
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
 		cmdq_error(item, "fork error: %s", strerror(errno));

 		free(cmd);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	case 0:
 		/* Child process. */
+		proc_clear_signals(server_proc, 1);
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
 		close(pipe_fd[0]);
-		clear_signals(1);
-
-		if (dup2(pipe_fd[1], STDIN_FILENO) == -1)
-			_exit(1);
-		if (pipe_fd[1] != STDIN_FILENO)
-			close(pipe_fd[1]);

 		null_fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
-		if (dup2(null_fd, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
-			_exit(1);
+		if (out) {
+			if (dup2(pipe_fd[1], STDIN_FILENO) == -1)
+				_exit(1);
+		} else {
+			if (dup2(null_fd, STDIN_FILENO) == -1)
+				_exit(1);
+		}
+		if (in) {
+			if (dup2(pipe_fd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
+				_exit(1);
+			if (pipe_fd[1] != STDOUT_FILENO)
+				close(pipe_fd[1]);
+		} else {
+			if (dup2(null_fd, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
+				_exit(1);
+		}
 		if (dup2(null_fd, STDERR_FILENO) == -1)
 			_exit(1);
-		if (null_fd != STDOUT_FILENO && null_fd != STDERR_FILENO)
-			close(null_fd);
-
 		closefrom(STDERR_FILENO + 1);

 		execl(_PATH_BSHELL, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char *) NULL);
 		_exit(1);
 	default:
 		/* Parent process. */
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
 		close(pipe_fd[1]);

 		wp->pipe_fd = pipe_fd[0];
 		wp->pipe_off = EVBUFFER_LENGTH(wp->event->input);

-		wp->pipe_event = bufferevent_new(wp->pipe_fd,
-		    NULL, NULL, cmd_pipe_pane_error_callback, wp);
-		bufferevent_enable(wp->pipe_event, EV_WRITE);
-
 		setblocking(wp->pipe_fd, 0);
+		wp->pipe_event = bufferevent_new(wp->pipe_fd,
+		    cmd_pipe_pane_read_callback,
+		    cmd_pipe_pane_write_callback,
+		    cmd_pipe_pane_error_callback,
+		    wp);
+		if (out)
+			bufferevent_enable(wp->pipe_event, EV_WRITE);
+		if (in)
+			bufferevent_enable(wp->pipe_event, EV_READ);

 		free(cmd);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}
 }

+static void
+cmd_pipe_pane_read_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = data;
+	struct evbuffer		*evb = wp->pipe_event->input;
+	size_t			 available;
+
+	available = EVBUFFER_LENGTH(evb);
+	log_debug("%%%u pipe read %zu", wp->id, available);
+
+	bufferevent_write(wp->event, EVBUFFER_DATA(evb), available);
+	evbuffer_drain(evb, available);
+
+	if (window_pane_destroy_ready(wp))
+		server_destroy_pane(wp, 1);
+}
+
+static void
+cmd_pipe_pane_write_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = data;
+
+	log_debug("%%%u pipe empty", wp->id);
+
+	if (window_pane_destroy_ready(wp))
+		server_destroy_pane(wp, 1);
+}
+
 static void
 cmd_pipe_pane_error_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev,
    __unused short what, void *data)
 {
 	struct window_pane	*wp = data;

+	log_debug("%%%u pipe error", wp->id);
+
 	bufferevent_free(wp->pipe_event);
 	close(wp->pipe_fd);
 	wp->pipe_fd = -1;
+
+	if (window_pane_destroy_ready(wp))
+		server_destroy_pane(wp, 1);
 }
--- a/cmd-queue.c
+++ b/cmd-queue.c
@@ -102,8 +102,11 @@ cmdq_insert_after(struct cmdq_item *after, struct cmdq_item *item)
 static void
 cmdq_remove(struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	if (item->formats != NULL)
-		format_free(item->formats);
+	if (item->shared != NULL && --item->shared->references == 0) {
+		if (item->shared->formats != NULL)
+			format_free(item->shared->formats);
+		free(item->shared);
+	}

 	if (item->client != NULL)
 		server_client_unref(item->client);
@@ -150,6 +153,15 @@ cmdq_get_command(struct cmd_list *cmdlist, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 	struct cmd		*cmd;
 	u_int			 group = cmdq_next_group();
 	char			*tmp;
+	struct cmdq_shared	*shared;
+
+	shared = xcalloc(1, sizeof *shared);
+	if (current != NULL)
+		cmd_find_copy_state(&shared->current, current);
+	else
+		cmd_find_clear_state(&shared->current, 0);
+	if (m != NULL)
+		memcpy(&shared->mouse, m, sizeof shared->mouse);

 	TAILQ_FOREACH(cmd, &cmdlist->list, qentry) {
 		xasprintf(&tmp, "command[%s]", cmd->entry->name);
@@ -161,13 +173,11 @@ cmdq_get_command(struct cmd_list *cmdlist, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 		item->group = group;
 		item->flags = flags;

+		item->shared = shared;
 		item->cmdlist = cmdlist;
 		item->cmd = cmd;

-		if (current != NULL)
-			cmd_find_copy_state(&item->current, current);
-		if (m != NULL)
-			memcpy(&item->mouse, m, sizeof item->mouse);
+		shared->references++;
 		cmdlist->references++;

 		if (first == NULL)
@@ -179,41 +189,63 @@ cmdq_get_command(struct cmd_list *cmdlist, struct cmd_find_state *current,
 	return (first);
 }

+/* Fill in flag for a command. */
+static enum cmd_retval
+cmdq_find_flag(struct cmdq_item *item, struct cmd_find_state *fs,
+    const struct cmd_entry_flag *flag)
+{
+	const char	*value;
+
+	if (flag->flag == 0) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, 0);
+		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	}
+
+	value = args_get(item->cmd->args, flag->flag);
+	if (cmd_find_target(fs, item, value, flag->type, flag->flags) != 0) {
+		cmd_find_clear_state(fs, 0);
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	}
+	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+}
+
 /* Fire command on command queue. */
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmdq_fire_command(struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct client		*c = item->client;
 	struct cmd		*cmd = item->cmd;
+	const struct cmd_entry	*entry = cmd->entry;
 	enum cmd_retval		 retval;
-	const char		*name;
 	struct cmd_find_state	*fsp, fs;
 	int			 flags;

 	flags = !!(cmd->flags & CMD_CONTROL);
 	cmdq_guard(item, "begin", flags);

-	if (cmd_prepare_state(cmd, item) != 0) {
-		retval = CMD_RETURN_ERROR;
-		goto out;
-	}
 	if (item->client == NULL)
-		item->client = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
-
-	retval = cmd->entry->exec(cmd, item);
+		item->client = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	retval = cmdq_find_flag(item, &item->source, &entry->source);
+	if (retval == CMD_RETURN_ERROR)
+		goto out;
+	retval = cmdq_find_flag(item, &item->target, &entry->target);
 	if (retval == CMD_RETURN_ERROR)
 		goto out;

-	if (cmd->entry->flags & CMD_AFTERHOOK) {
-		name = cmd->entry->name;
-		if (cmd_find_valid_state(&item->state.tflag))
-			fsp = &item->state.tflag;
-		else {
-			if (cmd_find_current(&fs, item, CMD_FIND_QUIET) != 0)
-				goto out;
+	retval = entry->exec(cmd, item);
+	if (retval == CMD_RETURN_ERROR)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (entry->flags & CMD_AFTERHOOK) {
+		if (cmd_find_valid_state(&item->target))
+			fsp = &item->target;
+		else if (cmd_find_valid_state(&item->shared->current))
+			fsp = &item->shared->current;
+		else if (cmd_find_from_client(&fs, item->client, 0) == 0)
 			fsp = &fs;
-		}
-		hooks_insert(fsp->s->hooks, item, fsp, "after-%s", name);
+		else
+			goto out;
+		hooks_insert(fsp->s->hooks, item, fsp, "after-%s", entry->name);
 	}

 out:
@@ -258,19 +290,17 @@ cmdq_fire_callback(struct cmdq_item *item)
 void
 cmdq_format(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *key, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
+	struct cmdq_shared	*shared = item->shared;
 	va_list			 ap;
-	struct cmdq_item	*loop;
 	char			*value;

 	va_start(ap, fmt);
 	xvasprintf(&value, fmt, ap);
 	va_end(ap);

-	for (loop = item; loop != NULL; loop = item->next) {
-		if (loop->formats == NULL)
-			loop->formats = format_create(NULL, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
-		format_add(loop->formats, key, "%s", value);
-	}
+	if (shared->formats == NULL)
+		shared->formats = format_create(NULL, NULL, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	format_add(shared->formats, key, "%s", value);

 	free(value);
 }
@@ -319,8 +349,7 @@ cmdq_next(struct client *c)
 			item->time = time(NULL);
 			item->number = ++number;

-			switch (item->type)
-			{
+			switch (item->type) {
 			case CMDQ_COMMAND:
 				retval = cmdq_fire_command(item);

@@ -399,7 +428,8 @@ cmdq_print(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *fmt, ...)
 		w = c->session->curw->window;
 		if (w->active->mode != &window_copy_mode) {
 			window_pane_reset_mode(w->active);
-			window_pane_set_mode(w->active, &window_copy_mode);
+			window_pane_set_mode(w->active, &window_copy_mode, NULL,
+			    NULL);
 			window_copy_init_for_output(w->active);
 		}
 		window_copy_vadd(w->active, fmt, ap);
@@ -423,6 +453,8 @@ cmdq_error(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *fmt, ...)
 	msglen = xvasprintf(&msg, fmt, ap);
 	va_end(ap);

+	log_debug("%s: %s", __func__, msg);
+
 	if (c == NULL)
 		cfg_add_cause("%s:%u: %s", cmd->file, cmd->line, msg);
 	else if (c->session == NULL || (c->flags & CLIENT_CONTROL)) {
--- a/cmd-refresh-client.c
+++ b/cmd-refresh-client.c
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_refresh_client_entry = {
 	.args = { "C:St:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-S] [-C size] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_refresh_client_exec
 };
@@ -44,10 +42,13 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_refresh_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct client	*c = item->state.c;
+	struct client	*c;
 	const char	*size;
 	u_int		 w, h;

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
 	if (args_has(args, 'C')) {
 		if ((size = args_get(args, 'C')) == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "missing size");
@@ -66,8 +67,9 @@ cmd_refresh_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			cmdq_error(item, "not a control client");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-		if (tty_set_size(&c->tty, w, h))
-			recalculate_sizes();
+		tty_set_size(&c->tty, w, h);
+		c->flags |= CLIENT_SIZECHANGED;
+		recalculate_sizes();
 	} else if (args_has(args, 'S')) {
 		c->flags |= CLIENT_STATUSFORCE;
 		server_status_client(c);
--- a/cmd-rename-session.c
+++ b/cmd-rename-session.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_rename_session_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 1, 1 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " new-name",

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_rename_session_exec
@@ -46,26 +46,31 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_rename_session_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_rename_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct session	*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	const char	*newname;
+	struct args		*args = self->args;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	char			*newname;

-	newname = args->argv[0];
-	if (strcmp(newname, s->name) == 0)
+	newname = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, NULL, NULL);
+	if (strcmp(newname, s->name) == 0) {
+		free(newname);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	}

 	if (!session_check_name(newname)) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "bad session name: %s", newname);
+		free(newname);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 	if (session_find(newname) != NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "duplicate session: %s", newname);
+		free(newname);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}

 	RB_REMOVE(sessions, &sessions, s);
 	free(s->name);
-	s->name = xstrdup(newname);
+	s->name = newname;
 	RB_INSERT(sessions, &sessions, s);

 	server_status_session(s);
--- a/cmd-rename-window.c
+++ b/cmd-rename-window.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_rename_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 1, 1 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " new-name",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_rename_window_exec
@@ -46,12 +46,17 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_rename_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink	*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct client	*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session	*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink	*wl = item->target.wl;
+	char		*newname;

-	window_set_name(wl->window, args->argv[0]);
+	newname = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, NULL);
+	window_set_name(wl->window, newname);
 	options_set_number(wl->window->options, "automatic-rename", 0);

 	server_status_window(wl->window);
+	free(newname);

 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
--- a/cmd-resize-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-resize-pane.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_resize_pane_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-DLMRUZ] [-x width] [-y height] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " "
 		 "[adjustment]",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_resize_pane_exec
@@ -49,23 +49,24 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_resize_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct cmdq_shared	*shared = item->shared;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
 	struct client		*c = item->client;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
 	const char	       	*errstr;
 	char			*cause;
 	u_int			 adjust;
 	int			 x, y;

 	if (args_has(args, 'M')) {
-		if (cmd_mouse_window(&item->mouse, &s) == NULL)
+		if (cmd_mouse_window(&shared->mouse, &s) == NULL)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		if (c == NULL || c->session != s)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		c->tty.mouse_drag_update = cmd_resize_pane_mouse_update;
-		cmd_resize_pane_mouse_update(c, &item->mouse);
+		cmd_resize_pane_mouse_update(c, &shared->mouse);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

@@ -128,47 +129,64 @@ static void
 cmd_resize_pane_mouse_update(struct client *c, struct mouse_event *m)
 {
 	struct winlink		*wl;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
-	int			 found;
-	u_int			 y, ly;
+	struct window		*w;
+	u_int			 y, ly, x, lx;
+	static const int         offsets[][2] = {
+	    { 0, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1 }, { -1, 0 },
+	};
+	struct layout_cell	*cells[nitems(offsets)], *lc;
+	u_int			 ncells = 0, i, j, resizes = 0;
+	enum layout_type	 type;

 	wl = cmd_mouse_window(m, NULL);
 	if (wl == NULL) {
 		c->tty.mouse_drag_update = NULL;
 		return;
 	}
+	w = wl->window;

-	y = m->y;
+	y = m->y; x = m->x;
 	if (m->statusat == 0 && y > 0)
 		y--;
 	else if (m->statusat > 0 && y >= (u_int)m->statusat)
 		y = m->statusat - 1;
-	ly = m->ly;
+	ly = m->ly; lx = m->lx;
 	if (m->statusat == 0 && ly > 0)
 		ly--;
 	else if (m->statusat > 0 && ly >= (u_int)m->statusat)
 		ly = m->statusat - 1;

-	found = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &wl->window->panes, entry) {
-		if (!window_pane_visible(wp))
+	for (i = 0; i < nitems(cells); i++) {
+		lc = layout_search_by_border(w->layout_root, lx + offsets[i][0],
+		    ly + offsets[i][1]);
+		if (lc == NULL)
 			continue;

-		if (wp->xoff + wp->sx == m->lx &&
-		    wp->yoff <= 1 + ly &&
-		    wp->yoff + wp->sy >= ly) {
-			layout_resize_pane(wp, LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT, m->x - m->lx, 0);
-			found = 1;
+		for (j = 0; j < ncells; j++) {
+			if (cells[j] == lc) {
+				lc = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
 		}
-		if (wp->yoff + wp->sy == ly &&
-		    wp->xoff <= 1 + m->lx &&
-		    wp->xoff + wp->sx >= m->lx) {
-			layout_resize_pane(wp, LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM, y - ly, 0);
-			found = 1;
+		if (lc == NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		cells[ncells] = lc;
+		ncells++;
+	}
+	if (ncells == 0)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ncells; i++) {
+		type = cells[i]->parent->type;
+		if (y != ly && type == LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM) {
+			layout_resize_layout(w, cells[i], type, y - ly, 0);
+			resizes++;
+		} else if (x != lx && type == LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT) {
+			layout_resize_layout(w, cells[i], type, x - lx, 0);
+			resizes++;
 		}
 	}
-	if (found)
-		server_redraw_window(wl->window);
-	else
-		c->tty.mouse_drag_update = NULL;
+	if (resizes != 0)
+		server_redraw_window(w);
 }
--- a/cmd-respawn-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-respawn-pane.c
@@ -34,10 +34,11 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_respawn_pane_entry = {
 	.name = "respawn-pane",
 	.alias = "respawnp",

-	.args = { "kt:", 0, -1 },
-	.usage = "[-k] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [command]",
+	.args = { "c:kt:", 0, -1 },
+	.usage = "[-c start-directory] [-k] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE
+	         " [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_respawn_pane_exec
@@ -47,13 +48,14 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_respawn_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	struct client           *c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
 	struct environ		*env;
-	const char		*path;
-	char			*cause;
+	const char		*path = NULL, *cp;
+	char			*cause, *cwd = NULL;
 	u_int			 idx;
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;

@@ -69,7 +71,6 @@ cmd_respawn_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	screen_reinit(&wp->base);
 	input_init(wp);

-	path = NULL;
 	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
 		envent = environ_find(item->client->environ, "PATH");
 	else
@@ -77,15 +78,20 @@ cmd_respawn_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (envent != NULL)
 		path = envent->value;

-	env = environ_for_session(s);
-	if (window_pane_spawn(wp, args->argc, args->argv, path, NULL, NULL, env,
+	if ((cp = args_get(args, 'c')) != NULL)
+		cwd = format_single(item, cp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
+
+	env = environ_for_session(s, 0);
+	if (window_pane_spawn(wp, args->argc, args->argv, path, NULL, cwd, env,
 	    s->tio, &cause) != 0) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "respawn pane failed: %s", cause);
 		free(cause);
 		environ_free(env);
+		free(cwd);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 	environ_free(env);
+	free(cwd);

 	wp->flags |= PANE_REDRAW;
 	server_status_window(w);
--- a/cmd-respawn-window.c
+++ b/cmd-respawn-window.c
@@ -34,10 +34,11 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_respawn_window_entry = {
 	.name = "respawn-window",
 	.alias = "respawnw",

-	.args = { "kt:", 0, -1 },
-	.usage = "[-k] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [command]",
+	.args = { "c:kt:", 0, -1 },
+	.usage = "[-c start-directory] [-k] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE
+	         " [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_respawn_window_exec
@@ -47,13 +48,14 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_respawn_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
 	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct client           *c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
 	struct environ		*env;
-	const char		*path;
-	char		 	*cause;
+	const char		*path = NULL, *cp;
+	char		 	*cause, *cwd = NULL;
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;

 	if (!args_has(self->args, 'k')) {
@@ -73,7 +75,6 @@ cmd_respawn_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w->panes, wp, entry);
 	window_pane_resize(wp, w->sx, w->sy);

-	path = NULL;
 	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
 		envent = environ_find(item->client->environ, "PATH");
 	else
@@ -81,16 +82,22 @@ cmd_respawn_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (envent != NULL)
 		path = envent->value;

-	env = environ_for_session(s);
-	if (window_pane_spawn(wp, args->argc, args->argv, path, NULL, NULL, env,
+	if ((cp = args_get(args, 'c')) != NULL)
+		cwd = format_single(item, cp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
+
+	env = environ_for_session(s, 0);
+	if (window_pane_spawn(wp, args->argc, args->argv, path, NULL, cwd, env,
 	    s->tio, &cause) != 0) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "respawn window failed: %s", cause);
 		free(cause);
 		environ_free(env);
+		free(cwd);
 		server_destroy_pane(wp, 0);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 	environ_free(env);
+	free(cwd);
+
 	layout_init(w, wp);
 	window_pane_reset_mode(wp);
 	screen_reinit(&wp->base);
--- a/cmd-rotate-window.c
+++ b/cmd-rotate-window.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_rotate_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "Dt:U", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-DU] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_rotate_window_exec
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_rotate_window_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_rotate_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
 	struct window_pane	*wp, *wp2;
 	struct layout_cell	*lc;
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ cmd_rotate_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		if ((wp = TAILQ_PREV(w->active, window_panes, entry)) == NULL)
 			wp = TAILQ_LAST(&w->panes, window_panes);
 		window_set_active_pane(w, wp);
+		cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(current, wl, wp, 0);
 		server_redraw_window(w);
 	} else {
 		wp = TAILQ_FIRST(&w->panes);
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ cmd_rotate_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		if ((wp = TAILQ_NEXT(w->active, entry)) == NULL)
 			wp = TAILQ_FIRST(&w->panes);
 		window_set_active_pane(w, wp);
+		cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(current, wl, wp, 0);
 		server_redraw_window(w);
 	}

--- a/cmd-run-shell.c
+++ b/cmd-run-shell.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_run_shell_entry = {
 	.args = { "bt:", 1, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-b] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " shell-command",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_run_shell_exec
@@ -68,14 +68,14 @@ cmd_run_shell_print(struct job *job, const char *msg)
 			cmdq_print(cdata->item, "%s", msg);
 			return;
 		}
-		if (cmd_find_current (&fs, NULL, CMD_FIND_QUIET) != 0)
+		if (cmd_find_from_nothing(&fs, 0) != 0)
 			return;
 		wp = fs.wp;
 		if (wp == NULL)
 			return;
 	}

-	if (window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode) == 0)
+	if (window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_copy_mode, NULL, NULL) == 0)
 		window_copy_init_for_output(wp);
 	if (wp->mode == &window_copy_mode)
 		window_copy_add(wp, "%s", msg);
@@ -86,18 +86,10 @@ cmd_run_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	struct cmd_run_shell_data	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c = item->state.c;
-	struct session			*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink			*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window_pane		*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	const char			*cwd;
-
-	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
-		cwd = item->client->cwd;
-	else if (s != NULL)
-		cwd = s->cwd;
-	else
-		cwd = NULL;
+	struct client			*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session			*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink			*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane		*wp = item->target.wp;

 	cdata = xcalloc(1, sizeof *cdata);
 	cdata->cmd = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, wp);
@@ -110,8 +102,8 @@ cmd_run_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (!args_has(args, 'b'))
 		cdata->item = item;

-	job_run(cdata->cmd, s, cwd, cmd_run_shell_callback, cmd_run_shell_free,
-	    cdata);
+	job_run(cdata->cmd, s, server_client_get_cwd(item->client, s), NULL,
+	    cmd_run_shell_callback, cmd_run_shell_free, cdata, 0);

 	if (args_has(args, 'b'))
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
--- a/cmd-save-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-save-buffer.c
@@ -59,11 +59,13 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_save_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->client;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
 	struct paste_buffer	*pb;
-	const char		*path, *bufname, *bufdata, *start, *end;
-	const char		*flags;
-	char			*msg, *file;
+	const char		*bufname, *bufdata, *start, *end, *flags;
+	char			*msg, *path, *file;
 	size_t			 size, used, msglen, bufsize;
 	FILE			*f;

@@ -83,10 +85,12 @@ cmd_save_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	bufdata = paste_buffer_data(pb, &bufsize);

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_show_buffer_entry)
-		path = "-";
+		path = xstrdup("-");
 	else
-		path = args->argv[0];
+		path = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, wp);
 	if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
+		free(path);
+		c = item->client;
 		if (c == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "can't write to stdout");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
@@ -101,6 +105,8 @@ cmd_save_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		flags = "ab";

 	file = server_client_get_path(c, path);
+	free(path);
+
 	f = fopen(file, flags);
 	if (f == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "%s: %s", file, strerror(errno));
@@ -111,6 +117,7 @@ cmd_save_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (fwrite(bufdata, 1, bufsize, f) != bufsize) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "%s: write error", file);
 		fclose(f);
+		free(file);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}

--- a/cmd-select-layout.c
+++ b/cmd-select-layout.c
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_select_layout_entry = {
 	.name = "select-layout",
 	.alias = "selectl",

-	.args = { "nopt:", 0, 1 },
-	.usage = "[-nop] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [layout-name]",
+	.args = { "Enopt:", 0, 1 },
+	.usage = "[-Enop] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [layout-name]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_select_layout_exec
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_next_layout_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_select_layout_exec
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_previous_layout_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_select_layout_exec
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_previous_layout_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_select_layout_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink	*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct window	*w;
-	const char	*layoutname;
-	char		*oldlayout;
-	int		 next, previous, layout;
+	struct args		*args = self->args;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct window		*w = wl->window;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	const char		*layoutname;
+	char			*oldlayout;
+	int			 next, previous, layout;

-	w = wl->window;
 	server_unzoom_window(w);

 	next = self->entry == &cmd_next_layout_entry;
@@ -99,6 +99,11 @@ cmd_select_layout_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		goto changed;
 	}

+	if (args_has(args, 'E')) {
+		layout_spread_out(wp);
+		goto changed;
+	}
+
 	if (!args_has(args, 'o')) {
 		if (args->argc == 0)
 			layout = w->lastlayout;
@@ -131,6 +136,7 @@ cmd_select_layout_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 changed:
 	free(oldlayout);
 	server_redraw_window(w);
+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

 error:
--- a/cmd-select-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-select-pane.c
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

 #include <sys/types.h>

+#include <stdlib.h>
+
 #include "tmux.h"

 /*
@@ -30,10 +32,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_select_pane_entry = {
 	.name = "select-pane",
 	.alias = "selectp",

-	.args = { "DdegLlMmP:Rt:U", 0, 0 },
-	.usage = "[-DdegLlMmRU] [-P style] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
+	.args = { "DdegLlMmP:RT:t:U", 0, 0 },
+	.usage = "[-DdegLlMmRU] [-P style] [-T title] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_pane_exec
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_last_pane_entry = {
 	.args = { "det:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-de] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_pane_exec
@@ -56,31 +58,39 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_select_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp, *lastwp, *markedwp;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp, *lastwp, *markedwp;
+	char			*pane_title;
 	const char		*style;

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_last_pane_entry || args_has(args, 'l')) {
-		if (wl->window->last == NULL) {
+		lastwp = w->last;
+		if (lastwp == NULL && window_count_panes(w) == 2) {
+			lastwp = TAILQ_PREV(w->active, window_panes, entry);
+			if (lastwp == NULL)
+				lastwp = TAILQ_NEXT(w->active, entry);
+		}
+		if (lastwp == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "no last pane");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-
 		if (args_has(self->args, 'e'))
-			w->last->flags &= ~PANE_INPUTOFF;
+			lastwp->flags &= ~PANE_INPUTOFF;
 		else if (args_has(self->args, 'd'))
-			w->last->flags |= PANE_INPUTOFF;
+			lastwp->flags |= PANE_INPUTOFF;
 		else {
 			server_unzoom_window(w);
-			window_redraw_active_switch(w, w->last);
-			if (window_set_active_pane(w, w->last)) {
+			window_redraw_active_switch(w, lastwp);
+			if (window_set_active_pane(w, lastwp)) {
+				cmd_find_from_winlink(current, wl, 0);
 				server_status_window(w);
 				server_redraw_window_borders(w);
 			}
 		}
-
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

@@ -146,6 +156,15 @@ cmd_select_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

+	if (args_has(self->args, 'T')) {
+		pane_title = format_single(item, args_get(self->args, 'T'),
+		    c, s, wl, wp);
+		screen_set_title(&wp->base, pane_title);
+		server_status_window(wp->window);
+		free(pane_title);
+		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	}
+
 	if (wp == w->active)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	server_unzoom_window(wp->window);
@@ -155,6 +174,8 @@ cmd_select_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}
 	window_redraw_active_switch(w, wp);
 	if (window_set_active_pane(w, wp)) {
+		cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(current, wl, wp, 0);
+		hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, current, "after-select-pane");
 		server_status_window(w);
 		server_redraw_window_borders(w);
 	}
--- a/cmd-select-window.c
+++ b/cmd-select-window.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_select_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "lnpTt:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-lnpT] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_window_exec
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_next_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "at:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-a] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_window_exec
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_previous_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "at:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-a] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_window_exec
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_last_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_select_window_exec
@@ -84,9 +84,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_last_window_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_select_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
-	struct winlink	*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	struct session	*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	int		 next, previous, last, activity;
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	int			 next, previous, last, activity;

 	next = self->entry == &cmd_next_window_entry;
 	if (args_has(self->args, 'n'))
@@ -116,8 +117,9 @@ cmd_select_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 			}
 		}
-
+		cmd_find_from_session(current, s, 0);
 		server_redraw_session(s);
+		hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, current, "after-select-window");
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * If -T and select-window is invoked on same window as
@@ -128,9 +130,14 @@ cmd_select_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no last window");
 				return (-1);
 			}
+			if (current->s == s)
+				cmd_find_from_session(current, s, 0);
 			server_redraw_session(s);
-		} else if (session_select(s, wl->idx) == 0)
+		} else if (session_select(s, wl->idx) == 0) {
+			cmd_find_from_session(current, s, 0);
 			server_redraw_session(s);
+		}
+		hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, current, "after-select-window");
 	}
 	recalculate_sizes();

--- a/cmd-send-keys.c
+++ b/cmd-send-keys.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_send_keys_entry = {
 	.args = { "lXRMN:t:", 0, -1 },
 	.usage = "[-lXRM] [-N repeat-count] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " key ...",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_send_keys_exec
@@ -49,20 +49,44 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_send_prefix_entry = {
 	.args = { "2t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-2] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_send_keys_exec
 };

+static void
+cmd_send_keys_inject(struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, key_code key)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct key_table	*table;
+	struct key_binding	*bd;
+
+	if (wp->mode == NULL || wp->mode->key_table == NULL) {
+		if (options_get_number(wp->window->options, "xterm-keys"))
+			key |= KEYC_XTERM;
+		window_pane_key(wp, NULL, s, key, NULL);
+		return;
+	}
+	table = key_bindings_get_table(wp->mode->key_table(wp), 1);
+
+	bd = key_bindings_get(table, key & ~KEYC_XTERM);
+	if (bd != NULL) {
+		table->references++;
+		key_bindings_dispatch(bd, item, c, NULL, &item->target);
+		key_bindings_unref_table(table);
+	}
+}
+
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_send_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct mouse_event	*m = &item->mouse;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp;
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct mouse_event	*m = &item->shared->mouse;
 	struct utf8_data	*ud, *uc;
 	wchar_t			 wc;
 	int			 i, literal;
@@ -108,7 +132,7 @@ cmd_send_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			key = options_get_number(s->options, "prefix2");
 		else
 			key = options_get_number(s->options, "prefix");
-		window_pane_key(wp, NULL, s, key, NULL);
+		cmd_send_keys_inject(c, item, key);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

@@ -123,7 +147,7 @@ cmd_send_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			if (!literal) {
 				key = key_string_lookup_string(args->argv[i]);
 				if (key != KEYC_NONE && key != KEYC_UNKNOWN)
-					window_pane_key(wp, NULL, s, key, NULL);
+					cmd_send_keys_inject(c, item, key);
 				else
 					literal = 1;
 			}
@@ -132,7 +156,7 @@ cmd_send_keys_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				for (uc = ud; uc->size != 0; uc++) {
 					if (utf8_combine(uc, &wc) != UTF8_DONE)
 						continue;
-					window_pane_key(wp, NULL, s, wc, NULL);
+					cmd_send_keys_inject(c, item, wc);
 				}
 				free(ud);
 			}
--- a/cmd-set-environment.c
+++ b/cmd-set-environment.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_set_environment_entry = {
 	.args = { "grt:u", 1, 2 },
 	.usage = "[-gru] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " name [value]",

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_set_environment_exec
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ cmd_set_environment_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(self->args, 'g'))
 		env = global_environ;
 	else {
-		if (item->state.tflag.s == NULL) {
+		if (item->target.s == NULL) {
 			target = args_get(args, 't');
 			if (target != NULL)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no such session: %s", target);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ cmd_set_environment_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no current session");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-		env = item->state.tflag.s->environ;
+		env = item->target.s->environ;
 	}

 	if (args_has(self->args, 'u')) {
--- a/cmd-set-hook.c
+++ b/cmd-set-hook.c
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_set_hook_entry = {
 	.name = "set-hook",
 	.alias = NULL,

-	.args = { "gt:u", 1, 2 },
-	.usage = "[-gu] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " hook-name [command]",
+	.args = { "gRt:u", 1, 2 },
+	.usage = "[-gRu] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " hook-name [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_set_hook_exec
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_hooks_entry = {
 	.args = { "gt:", 0, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-g] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, 0 },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_set_hook_exec
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ cmd_set_hook_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(args, 'g'))
 		hooks = global_hooks;
 	else {
-		if (item->state.tflag.s == NULL) {
+		if (item->target.s == NULL) {
 			target = args_get(args, 't');
 			if (target != NULL)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no such session: %s", target);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ cmd_set_hook_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no current session");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-		hooks = item->state.tflag.s->hooks;
+		hooks = item->target.s->hooks;
 	}

 	if (self->entry == &cmd_show_hooks_entry) {
@@ -101,18 +101,21 @@ cmd_set_hook_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	else
 		cmd = args->argv[1];

+	if (cmd != NULL && (args_has(args, 'R') || args_has(args, 'u'))) {
+		cmdq_error(item, "no command allowed");
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	}
+	if (args_has(args, 'R')) {
+		notify_hook(item, name);
+		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	}
 	if (args_has(args, 'u')) {
-		if (cmd != NULL) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "command passed to unset hook: %s",
-			    name);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-		}
 		hooks_remove(hooks, name);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}

 	if (cmd == NULL) {
-		cmdq_error(item, "no command to set hook: %s", name);
+		cmdq_error(item, "no command given");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 	cmdlist = cmd_string_parse(cmd, NULL, 0, &cause);
--- a/cmd-set-option.c
+++ b/cmd-set-option.c
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_set_option_entry = {
 	.name = "set-option",
 	.alias = "set",

-	.args = { "agoqst:uw", 1, 2 },
-	.usage = "[-agosquw] [-t target-window] option [value]",
+	.args = { "aFgoqst:uw", 1, 2 },
+	.usage = "[-aFgosquw] [-t target-window] option [value]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_set_option_exec
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_set_window_option_entry = {
 	.name = "set-window-option",
 	.alias = "setw",

-	.args = { "agoqt:u", 1, 2 },
-	.usage = "[-agoqu] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " option [value]",
+	.args = { "aFgoqt:u", 1, 2 },
+	.usage = "[-aFgoqu] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " option [value]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_set_option_exec
@@ -69,33 +69,39 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	int				 append = args_has(args, 'a');
-	struct cmd_find_state		*fs = &item->state.tflag;
+	struct cmd_find_state		*fs = &item->target;
+	struct client			*c, *loop;
 	struct session			*s = fs->s;
 	struct winlink			*wl = fs->wl;
 	struct window			*w;
-	struct client			*c;
 	enum options_table_scope	 scope;
 	struct options			*oo;
 	struct options_entry		*parent, *o;
-	const char			*name, *value, *target;
+	char				*name, *argument, *value = NULL, *cause;
+	const char			*target;
 	int				 window, idx, already, error, ambiguous;
-	char				*cause;
+
+	/* Expand argument. */
+	c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	argument = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, NULL);

 	/* Parse option name and index. */
-	name = options_match(args->argv[0], &idx, &ambiguous);
+	name = options_match(argument, &idx, &ambiguous);
 	if (name == NULL) {
 		if (args_has(args, 'q'))
-			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+			goto out;
 		if (ambiguous)
-			cmdq_error(item, "ambiguous option: %s", args->argv[0]);
+			cmdq_error(item, "ambiguous option: %s", argument);
 		else
-			cmdq_error(item, "invalid option: %s", args->argv[0]);
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			cmdq_error(item, "invalid option: %s", argument);
+		goto fail;
 	}
 	if (args->argc < 2)
 		value = NULL;
+	else if (args_has(args, 'F'))
+		value = format_single(item, args->argv[1], c, s, wl, NULL);
 	else
-		value = args->argv[1];
+		value = xstrdup(args->argv[1]);

 	/*
 	 * Figure out the scope: for user options it comes from the arguments,
@@ -113,15 +119,15 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 			scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW;
 		else {
 			scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_NONE;
-			xasprintf(&cause, "unknown option: %s", args->argv[0]);
+			xasprintf(&cause, "unknown option: %s", argument);
 		}
 	}
 	if (scope == OPTIONS_TABLE_NONE) {
 		if (args_has(args, 'q'))
-			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+			goto out;
 		cmdq_error(item, "%s", cause);
 		free(cause);
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+		goto fail;
 	}

 	/* Which table should this option go into? */
@@ -136,7 +142,7 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no such session: %s", target);
 			else
 				cmdq_error(item, "no current session");
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto fail;
 		} else
 			oo = s->options;
 	} else if (scope == OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW) {
@@ -148,7 +154,7 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no such window: %s", target);
 			else
 				cmdq_error(item, "no current window");
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto fail;
 		} else
 			oo = wl->window->options;
 	}
@@ -158,8 +164,8 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	/* Check that array options and indexes match up. */
 	if (idx != -1) {
 		if (*name == '@' || options_array_size(parent, NULL) == -1) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "not an array: %s", args->argv[0]);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			cmdq_error(item, "not an array: %s", argument);
+			goto fail;
 		}
 	}

@@ -175,18 +181,20 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		}
 		if (already) {
 			if (args_has(args, 'q'))
-				return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-			cmdq_error(item, "already set: %s", args->argv[0]);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+				goto out;
+			cmdq_error(item, "already set: %s", argument);
+			goto fail;
 		}
 	}

 	/* Change the option. */
 	if (args_has(args, 'u')) {
 		if (o == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+			goto out;
 		if (idx == -1) {
-			if (oo == global_options ||
+			if (*name == '@')
+				options_remove(o);
+			else if (oo == global_options ||
 			    oo == global_s_options ||
 			    oo == global_w_options)
 				options_default(oo, options_table_entry(o));
@@ -197,17 +205,17 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	} else if (*name == '@') {
 		if (value == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "empty value");
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto fail;
 		}
 		options_set_string(oo, name, append, "%s", value);
 	} else if (idx == -1 && options_array_size(parent, NULL) == -1) {
 		error = cmd_set_option_set(self, item, oo, parent, value);
 		if (error != 0)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto fail;
 	} else {
 		if (value == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "empty value");
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			goto fail;
 		}
 		if (o == NULL)
 			o = options_empty(oo, options_table_entry(parent));
@@ -216,8 +224,8 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				options_array_clear(o);
 			options_array_assign(o, value);
 		} else if (options_array_set(o, idx, value, append) != 0) {
-			cmdq_error(item, "invalid index: %s", args->argv[0]);
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+			cmdq_error(item, "invalid index: %s", argument);
+			goto fail;
 		}
 	}

@@ -231,8 +239,14 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		}
 	}
 	if (strcmp(name, "key-table") == 0) {
-		TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry)
-			server_client_set_key_table(c, NULL);
+		TAILQ_FOREACH(loop, &clients, entry)
+			server_client_set_key_table(loop, NULL);
+	}
+	if (strcmp(name, "user-keys") == 0) {
+		TAILQ_FOREACH(loop, &clients, entry) {
+			if (loop->tty.flags & TTY_OPENED)
+				tty_keys_build(&loop->tty);
+		}
 	}
 	if (strcmp(name, "status") == 0 ||
 	    strcmp(name, "status-interval") == 0)
@@ -248,7 +262,7 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		RB_FOREACH(w, windows, &windows)
 			layout_fix_panes(w, w->sx, w->sy);
 	}
-	RB_FOREACH (s, sessions, &sessions)
+	RB_FOREACH(s, sessions, &sessions)
 		status_update_saved(s);

 	/*
@@ -256,12 +270,22 @@ cmd_set_option_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	 * anyway.
 	 */
 	recalculate_sizes();
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
-		if (c->session != NULL)
-			server_redraw_client(c);
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(loop, &clients, entry) {
+		if (loop->session != NULL)
+			server_redraw_client(loop);
 	}

+out:
+	free(argument);
+	free(value);
+	free(name);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+
+fail:
+	free(argument);
+	free(value);
+	free(name);
+	return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 }

 static int
--- a/cmd-show-environment.c
+++ b/cmd-show-environment.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_environment_entry = {
 	.args = { "gst:", 0, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-gs] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE " [name]",

-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_show_environment_exec
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ cmd_show_environment_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	const char		*target;

 	if ((target = args_get(args, 't')) != NULL) {
-		if (item->state.tflag.s == NULL) {
+		if (item->target.s == NULL) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "no such session: %s", target);
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ cmd_show_environment_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(self->args, 'g'))
 		env = global_environ;
 	else {
-		if (item->state.tflag.s == NULL) {
+		if (item->target.s == NULL) {
 			target = args_get(args, 't');
 			if (target != NULL)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no such session: %s", target);
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ cmd_show_environment_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 				cmdq_error(item, "no current session");
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
-		env = item->state.tflag.s->environ;
+		env = item->target.s->environ;
 	}

 	if (args->argc != 0) {
--- a/cmd-show-messages.c
+++ b/cmd-show-messages.c
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_messages_entry = {
 	.args = { "JTt:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-JT] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,

-	.tflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-
 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_show_messages_exec
 };
@@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ cmd_show_messages_jobs(struct cmdq_item *item, int blank)
 	u_int		 n;

 	n = 0;
-	LIST_FOREACH(job, &all_jobs, lentry) {
+	LIST_FOREACH(job, &all_jobs, entry) {
 		if (blank) {
 			cmdq_print(item, "%s", "");
 			blank = 0;
@@ -91,11 +89,14 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_show_messages_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
+	struct client		*c;
 	struct message_entry	*msg;
 	char			*tim;
 	int			 done, blank;

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
 	done = blank = 0;
 	if (args_has(args, 'T')) {
 		blank = cmd_show_messages_terminals(item, blank);
--- a/cmd-show-options.c
+++ b/cmd-show-options.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_options_entry = {
 	.args = { "gqst:vw", 0, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-gqsvw] [-t target-session|target-window] [option]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_show_options_exec
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_show_window_options_entry = {
 	.args = { "gvt:", 0, 1 },
 	.usage = "[-gv] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [option]",

-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_CANFAIL },

 	.flags = CMD_AFTERHOOK,
 	.exec = cmd_show_options_exec
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_show_options_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct cmd_find_state		*fs = &item->state.tflag;
+	struct cmd_find_state		*fs = &item->target;
 	struct options			*oo;
 	enum options_table_scope	 scope;
 	char				*cause;
@@ -127,25 +127,36 @@ cmd_show_options_one(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item,
    struct options *oo)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct options_entry	*o;
 	int			 idx, ambiguous;
-	const char		*name = args->argv[0];
+	char			*name;

+	name = format_single(item, args->argv[0], c, s, wl, NULL);
 	o = options_match_get(oo, name, &idx, 1, &ambiguous);
 	if (o == NULL) {
-		if (args_has(args, 'q'))
+		if (args_has(args, 'q')) {
+			free(name);
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+		}
 		if (ambiguous) {
 			cmdq_error(item, "ambiguous option: %s", name);
+			free(name);
 			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		}
 		if (*name != '@' &&
-		    options_match_get(oo, name, &idx, 0, &ambiguous) != NULL)
+		    options_match_get(oo, name, &idx, 0, &ambiguous) != NULL) {
+			free(name);
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+		}
 		cmdq_error(item, "unknown option: %s", name);
+		free(name);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 	cmd_show_options_print(self, item, o, idx);
+	free(name);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }

--- a/cmd-source-file.c
+++ b/cmd-source-file.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ cmd_source_file_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (*path == '/')
 		pattern = xstrdup(path);
 	else {
-		utf8_stravis(&tmp, server_client_get_cwd(c), VIS_GLOB);
+		utf8_stravis(&tmp, server_client_get_cwd(c, NULL), VIS_GLOB);
 		xasprintf(&pattern, "%s/%s", tmp, path);
 		free(tmp);
 	}
--- a/cmd-split-window.c
+++ b/cmd-split-window.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_split_window_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-bdfhvP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] "
 		 "[-p percentage|-l size] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " [command]",

-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_split_window_exec
@@ -52,17 +52,18 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_split_window_entry = {
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
+	struct cmd_find_state	*current = &item->shared->current;
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c = item->state.c;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = item->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct client		*c = cmd_find_client(item, NULL, 1);
+	struct session		*s = item->target.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = item->target.wl;
 	struct window		*w = wl->window;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = item->state.tflag.wp, *new_wp = NULL;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = item->target.wp, *new_wp = NULL;
 	struct environ		*env;
-	const char		*cmd, *path, *shell, *template, *cwd, *to_free;
-	char		       **argv, *cause, *new_cause, *cp;
+	const char		*cmd, *path, *shell, *template, *tmp;
+	char		       **argv, *cause, *new_cause, *cp, *cwd;
 	u_int			 hlimit;
-	int			 argc, size, percentage;
+	int			 argc, size, percentage, before;
 	enum layout_type	 type;
 	struct layout_cell	*lc;
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;
@@ -84,18 +85,15 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		argv = args->argv;
 	}

-	to_free = NULL;
-	if (args_has(args, 'c')) {
-		cwd = args_get(args, 'c');
-		to_free = cwd = format_single(item, cwd, c, s, NULL, NULL);
-	} else if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
-		cwd = item->client->cwd;
+	if ((tmp = args_get(args, 'c')) != NULL)
+		cwd = format_single(item, tmp, c, s, NULL, NULL);
 	else
-		cwd = s->cwd;
+		cwd = xstrdup(server_client_get_cwd(item->client, s));

 	type = LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM;
 	if (args_has(args, 'h'))
 		type = LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT;
+	before = args_has(args, 'b');

 	size = -1;
 	if (args_has(args, 'l')) {
@@ -125,14 +123,13 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (*shell == '\0' || areshell(shell))
 		shell = _PATH_BSHELL;

-	lc = layout_split_pane(wp, type, size, args_has(args, 'b'),
-	    args_has(args, 'f'));
+	lc = layout_split_pane(wp, type, size, before, args_has(args, 'f'));
 	if (lc == NULL) {
 		cause = xstrdup("pane too small");
 		goto error;
 	}
-	new_wp = window_add_pane(w, wp, args_has(args, 'b'), hlimit);
-	layout_assign_pane(lc, new_wp);
+	new_wp = window_add_pane(w, wp, before, args_has(args, 'f'), hlimit);
+	layout_make_leaf(lc, new_wp);

 	path = NULL;
 	if (item->client != NULL && item->client->session == NULL)
@@ -142,7 +139,7 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (envent != NULL)
 		path = envent->value;

-	env = environ_for_session(s);
+	env = environ_for_session(s, 0);
 	if (window_pane_spawn(new_wp, argc, argv, path, shell, cwd, env,
 	    s->tio, &cause) != 0) {
 		environ_free(env);
@@ -150,11 +147,13 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}
 	environ_free(env);

+	layout_fix_panes(w, w->sx, w->sy);
 	server_redraw_window(w);

 	if (!args_has(args, 'd')) {
 		window_set_active_pane(w, new_wp);
 		session_select(s, wl->idx);
+		cmd_find_from_session(current, s, 0);
 		server_redraw_session(s);
 	} else
 		server_status_session(s);
@@ -168,17 +167,10 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	}
 	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);

-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
-
-	cmd_find_clear_state(&fs, NULL, 0);
-	fs.s = s;
-	fs.wl = wl;
-	fs.w = w;
-	fs.wp = new_wp;
-	cmd_find_log_state(__func__, &fs);
+	cmd_find_from_winlink_pane(&fs, wl, new_wp, 0);
 	hooks_insert(s->hooks, item, &fs, "after-split-window");

+	free(cwd);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);

 error:
@@ -189,7 +181,6 @@ error:
 	cmdq_error(item, "create pane failed: %s", cause);
 	free(cause);

-	if (to_free != NULL)
-		free((void *)to_free);
+	free(cwd);
 	return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 }
--- a/cmd-string.c
+++ b/cmd-string.c
@@ -159,21 +159,19 @@ cmd_string_parse(const char *s, const char *file, u_int line, char **cause)
 	char		**argv;

 	*cause = NULL;
-	if (cmd_string_split(s, &argc, &argv) != 0)
-		goto error;
+	if (cmd_string_split(s, &argc, &argv) != 0) {
+		xasprintf(cause, "invalid or unknown command: %s", s);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
 	if (argc != 0) {
 		cmdlist = cmd_list_parse(argc, argv, file, line, cause);
 		if (cmdlist == NULL) {
 			cmd_free_argv(argc, argv);
-			goto error;
+			return (NULL);
 		}
 	}
 	cmd_free_argv(argc, argv);
 	return (cmdlist);
-
-error:
-	xasprintf(cause, "invalid or unknown command: %s", s);
-	return (NULL);
 }

 static void
--- a/cmd-swap-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-swap-pane.c
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_swap_pane_entry = {
 	.args = { "dDs:t:U", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-dDU] " CMD_SRCDST_PANE_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_PANE_MARKED,
-	.tflag = CMD_PANE,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_PANE, CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED },
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_swap_pane_exec
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ cmd_swap_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct layout_cell	*src_lc, *dst_lc;
 	u_int			 sx, sy, xoff, yoff;

-	dst_w = item->state.tflag.wl->window;
-	dst_wp = item->state.tflag.wp;
-	src_w = item->state.sflag.wl->window;
-	src_wp = item->state.sflag.wp;
+	dst_w = item->target.wl->window;
+	dst_wp = item->target.wp;
+	src_w = item->source.wl->window;
+	src_wp = item->source.wp;
 	server_unzoom_window(dst_w);

 	if (args_has(self->args, 'D')) {
--- a/cmd-swap-window.c
+++ b/cmd-swap-window.c
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_swap_window_entry = {
 	.args = { "ds:t:", 0, 0 },
 	.usage = "[-d] " CMD_SRCDST_WINDOW_USAGE,

-	.sflag = CMD_WINDOW_MARKED,
-	.tflag = CMD_WINDOW,
+	.source = { 's', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED },
+	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_WINDOW, 0 },

 	.flags = 0,
 	.exec = cmd_swap_window_exec
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ cmd_swap_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct winlink		*wl_src, *wl_dst;
 	struct window		*w_src, *w_dst;

-	wl_src = item->state.sflag.wl;
-	src = item->state.sflag.s;
+	wl_src = item->source.wl;
+	src = item->source.s;
 	sg_src = session_group_contains(src);

-	wl_dst = item->state.tflag.wl;
-	dst = item->state.tflag.s;
+	wl_dst = item->target.wl;
+	dst = item->target.s;
 	sg_dst = session_group_contains(dst);

 	if (src != dst && sg_src != NULL && sg_dst != NULL &&
--- a/cmd-switch-client.c
+++ b/cmd-switch-client.c
@@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_switch_client_entry = {
 	.usage = "[-Elnpr] [-c target-client] [-t target-session] "
 		 "[-T key-table]",

-	.cflag = CMD_CLIENT,
-	.tflag = CMD_SESSION_WITHPANE,
+	/* -t is special */

 	.flags = CMD_READONLY,
 	.exec = cmd_switch_client_exec
@@ -49,13 +48,32 @@ static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_switch_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct cmd_state	*state = &item->state;
-	struct client		*c = state->c;
-	struct session		*s = item->state.tflag.s;
+	const char		*tflag = args_get(args, 't');
+	enum cmd_find_type	 type;
+	int			 flags;
+	struct client		*c;
+	struct session		*s;
+	struct winlink		*wl;
 	struct window_pane	*wp;
 	const char		*tablename;
 	struct key_table	*table;

+	if ((c = cmd_find_client(item, args_get(args, 'c'), 0)) == NULL)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+
+	if (tflag != NULL && tflag[strcspn(tflag, ":.")] != '\0') {
+		type = CMD_FIND_PANE;
+		flags = 0;
+	} else {
+		type = CMD_FIND_SESSION;
+		flags = CMD_FIND_PREFER_UNATTACHED;
+	}
+	if (cmd_find_target(&item->target, item, tflag, type, flags) != 0)
+		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	s = item->target.s;
+	wl = item->target.wl;
+	wp = item->target.wp;
+
 	if (args_has(args, 'r'))
 		c->flags ^= CLIENT_READONLY;

@@ -94,11 +112,11 @@ cmd_switch_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	} else {
 		if (item->client == NULL)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-		if (state->tflag.wl != NULL) {
-			wp = state->tflag.wp;
+		if (wl != NULL) {
 			if (wp != NULL)
 				window_set_active_pane(wp->window, wp);
-			session_set_current(s, state->tflag.wl);
+			session_set_current(s, wl);
+			cmd_find_from_session(&item->shared->current, s, 0);
 		}
 	}

@@ -108,9 +126,10 @@ cmd_switch_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (c->session != NULL && c->session != s)
 		c->last_session = c->session;
 	c->session = s;
-	if (!item->repeat)
+	if (~item->shared->flags & CMDQ_SHARED_REPEAT)
 		server_client_set_key_table(c, NULL);
 	status_timer_start(c);
+	notify_client("client-session-changed", c);
 	session_update_activity(s, NULL);
 	gettimeofday(&s->last_attached_time, NULL);

--- a/cmd.c
+++ b/cmd.c
@@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_break_pane_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_capture_pane_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_buffer_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_client_entry;
-extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_session_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_tree_entry;
-extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_window_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_clear_history_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_clock_mode_entry;
 extern const struct cmd_entry cmd_command_prompt_entry;
@@ -122,9 +120,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry *cmd_table[] = {
 	&cmd_capture_pane_entry,
 	&cmd_choose_buffer_entry,
 	&cmd_choose_client_entry,
-	&cmd_choose_session_entry,
 	&cmd_choose_tree_entry,
-	&cmd_choose_window_entry,
 	&cmd_clear_history_entry,
 	&cmd_clock_mode_entry,
 	&cmd_command_prompt_entry,
@@ -204,6 +200,15 @@ const struct cmd_entry *cmd_table[] = {
 	NULL
 };

+void
+cmd_log_argv(int argc, char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int	i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		log_debug("%s: argv[%d]=%s", prefix, i, argv[i]);
+}
+
 int
 cmd_pack_argv(int argc, char **argv, char *buf, size_t len)
 {
@@ -212,6 +217,7 @@ cmd_pack_argv(int argc, char **argv, char *buf, size_t len)

 	if (argc == 0)
 		return (0);
+	cmd_log_argv(argc, argv, __func__);

 	*buf = '\0';
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -244,9 +250,11 @@ cmd_unpack_argv(char *buf, size_t len, int argc, char ***argv)

 		arglen = strlen(buf) + 1;
 		(*argv)[i] = xstrdup(buf);
+
 		buf += arglen;
 		len -= arglen;
 	}
+	cmd_log_argv(argc, *argv, __func__);

 	return (0);
 }
@@ -405,6 +413,7 @@ retry:
 		xasprintf(cause, "unknown command: %s", name);
 		return (NULL);
 	}
+	cmd_log_argv(argc, argv, entry->name);

 	args = args_parse(entry->args.template, argc, argv);
 	if (args == NULL)
@@ -447,190 +456,6 @@ usage:
 	return (NULL);
 }

-static int
-cmd_prepare_state_flag(char c, const char *target, enum cmd_entry_flag flag,
-    struct cmdq_item *item)
-{
-	int			 targetflags, error;
-	struct cmd_find_state	*fs = NULL;
-	struct cmd_find_state	 current;
-
-	if (flag == CMD_NONE ||
-	    flag == CMD_CLIENT ||
-	    flag == CMD_CLIENT_CANFAIL)
-		return (0);
-
-	if (c == 't')
-		fs = &item->state.tflag;
-	else if (c == 's')
-		fs = &item->state.sflag;
-
-	if (flag == CMD_SESSION_WITHPANE) {
-		if (target != NULL && target[strcspn(target, ":.")] != '\0')
-			flag = CMD_PANE;
-		else
-			flag = CMD_SESSION_PREFERUNATTACHED;
-	}
-
-	targetflags = 0;
-	switch (flag) {
-	case CMD_SESSION:
-	case CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_SESSION_PREFERUNATTACHED:
-	case CMD_SESSION_WITHPANE:
-		if (flag == CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_QUIET;
-		if (flag == CMD_SESSION_PREFERUNATTACHED)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_PREFER_UNATTACHED;
-		break;
-	case CMD_MOVEW_R:
-		flag = CMD_WINDOW_INDEX;
-		/* FALLTHROUGH */
-	case CMD_WINDOW:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_MARKED:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_INDEX:
-		if (flag == CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_QUIET;
-		if (flag == CMD_WINDOW_MARKED)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED;
-		if (flag == CMD_WINDOW_INDEX)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_WINDOW_INDEX;
-		break;
-	case CMD_PANE:
-	case CMD_PANE_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_PANE_MARKED:
-		if (flag == CMD_PANE_CANFAIL)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_QUIET;
-		if (flag == CMD_PANE_MARKED)
-			targetflags |= CMD_FIND_DEFAULT_MARKED;
-		break;
-	default:
-		fatalx("unknown %cflag %d", c, flag);
-	}
-	log_debug("%s: flag %c %d %#x", __func__, c, flag, targetflags);
-
-	error = cmd_find_current(&current, item, targetflags);
-	if (error != 0) {
-		if (~targetflags & CMD_FIND_QUIET)
-			return (-1);
-		cmd_find_clear_state(&current, NULL, 0);
-	}
-	if (!cmd_find_empty_state(&current) && !cmd_find_valid_state(&current))
-		fatalx("invalid current state");
-
-	switch (flag) {
-	case CMD_NONE:
-	case CMD_CLIENT:
-	case CMD_CLIENT_CANFAIL:
-		return (0);
-	case CMD_SESSION:
-	case CMD_SESSION_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_SESSION_PREFERUNATTACHED:
-	case CMD_SESSION_WITHPANE:
-		error = cmd_find_target(fs, &current, item, target,
-		    CMD_FIND_SESSION, targetflags);
-		if (error != 0)
-			goto error;
-		break;
-	case CMD_MOVEW_R:
-		error = cmd_find_target(fs, &current, item, target,
-		    CMD_FIND_SESSION, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
-		if (error == 0)
-			break;
-		/* FALLTHROUGH */
-	case CMD_WINDOW:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_MARKED:
-	case CMD_WINDOW_INDEX:
-		error = cmd_find_target(fs, &current, item, target,
-		    CMD_FIND_WINDOW, targetflags);
-		if (error != 0)
-			goto error;
-		break;
-	case CMD_PANE:
-	case CMD_PANE_CANFAIL:
-	case CMD_PANE_MARKED:
-		error = cmd_find_target(fs, &current, item, target,
-		    CMD_FIND_PANE, targetflags);
-		if (error != 0)
-			goto error;
-		break;
-	default:
-		fatalx("unknown %cflag %d", c, flag);
-	}
-	return (0);
-
-error:
-	if (~targetflags & CMD_FIND_QUIET)
-		return (-1);
-	cmd_find_clear_state(fs, NULL, 0);
-	return (0);
-}
-
-int
-cmd_prepare_state(struct cmd *cmd, struct cmdq_item *item)
-{
-	const struct cmd_entry	*entry = cmd->entry;
-	struct cmd_state	*state = &item->state;
-	char			*tmp;
-	enum cmd_entry_flag	 flag;
-	const char		*s;
-	int			 error;
-
-	tmp = cmd_print(cmd);
-	log_debug("preparing state for %s (client %p)", tmp, item->client);
-	free(tmp);
-
-	state->c = NULL;
-	cmd_find_clear_state(&state->tflag, NULL, 0);
-	cmd_find_clear_state(&state->sflag, NULL, 0);
-
-	flag = cmd->entry->cflag;
-	if (flag == CMD_NONE) {
-		flag = cmd->entry->tflag;
-		if (flag == CMD_CLIENT || flag == CMD_CLIENT_CANFAIL)
-			s = args_get(cmd->args, 't');
-		else
-			s = NULL;
-	} else
-		s = args_get(cmd->args, 'c');
-	switch (flag) {
-	case CMD_CLIENT:
-		state->c = cmd_find_client(item, s, 0);
-		if (state->c == NULL)
-			return (-1);
-		break;
-	default:
-		state->c = cmd_find_client(item, s, 1);
-		break;
-	}
-	log_debug("using client %p", state->c);
-
-	s = args_get(cmd->args, 't');
-	log_debug("preparing -t state: target %s", s == NULL ? "none" : s);
-
-	error = cmd_prepare_state_flag('t', s, entry->tflag, item);
-	if (error != 0)
-		return (error);
-
-	s = args_get(cmd->args, 's');
-	log_debug("preparing -s state: target %s", s == NULL ? "none" : s);
-
-	error = cmd_prepare_state_flag('s', s, entry->sflag, item);
-	if (error != 0)
-		return (error);
-
-	if (!cmd_find_empty_state(&state->tflag) &&
-	    !cmd_find_valid_state(&state->tflag))
-		fatalx("invalid -t state");
-	if (!cmd_find_empty_state(&state->sflag) &&
-	    !cmd_find_valid_state(&state->sflag))
-		fatalx("invalid -s state");
-
-	return (0);
-}
-
 char *
 cmd_print(struct cmd *cmd)
 {
--- a/compat.h
+++ b/compat.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define COMPAT_H

 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/uio.h>

 #include <limits.h>
@@ -100,17 +101,17 @@ void	warnx(const char *, ...);
 #include <paths.h>
 #endif

-#ifdef HAVE_FORKPTY
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBUTIL_H
 #include <libutil.h>
 #endif
+
 #ifdef HAVE_PTY_H
 #include <pty.h>
 #endif
+
 #ifdef HAVE_UTIL_H
 #include <util.h>
 #endif
-#endif

 #ifdef HAVE_VIS
 #include <vis.h>
@@ -260,6 +261,11 @@ size_t		 strnlen(const char *, size_t);
 char		*strndup(const char *, size_t);
 #endif

+#ifndef HAVE_MEMMEM
+/* memmem.c */
+void		*memmem(const void *, size_t, const void *, size_t);
+#endif
+
 #ifndef HAVE_DAEMON
 /* daemon.c */
 int	 	 daemon(int, int);
@@ -283,9 +289,15 @@ int		 b64_ntop(const char *, size_t, char *, size_t);
 int		 b64_pton(const char *, u_char *, size_t);
 #endif

+#ifndef HAVE_FDFORKPTY
+/* fdforkpty.c */
+int		 getptmfd(void);
+pid_t		 fdforkpty(int, int *, char *, struct termios *,
+		     struct winsize *);
+#endif
+
 #ifndef HAVE_FORKPTY
 /* forkpty.c */
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
 pid_t		 forkpty(int *, char *, struct termios *, struct winsize *);
 #endif

@@ -337,9 +349,7 @@ int		 utf8proc_mbtowc(wchar_t *, const char *, size_t);
 int		 utf8proc_wctomb(char *, wchar_t);
 #endif

-#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT
-#include <getopt.h>
-#else
+#ifndef HAVE_GETOPT
 /* getopt.c */
 extern int	BSDopterr;
 extern int	BSDoptind;
--- a/compat/daemon-darwin.c
+++ b/compat/daemon-darwin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2013, Chris Johnsen <chris_johnsen@pobox.com>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ *     1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above
+ *        copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ *        disclaimer.
+ *
+ *     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ *        copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ *        disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
+ *        provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
+ * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+*/
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <mach/mach.h>
+
+#include <Availability.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+void daemon_darwin(void);
+
+#ifdef __MAC_10_10
+
+extern kern_return_t	bootstrap_look_up_per_user(mach_port_t, const char *,
+			    uid_t, mach_port_t *);
+extern kern_return_t	bootstrap_get_root(mach_port_t, mach_port_t *);
+
+void
+daemon_darwin(void)
+{
+	mach_port_t	root = MACH_PORT_NULL;
+	mach_port_t	s = MACH_PORT_NULL;
+	uid_t		uid;
+
+	uid = getuid();
+	if (bootstrap_get_root(bootstrap_port, &root) == KERN_SUCCESS &&
+	    bootstrap_look_up_per_user(root, NULL, uid, &s) == KERN_SUCCESS &&
+	    task_set_bootstrap_port(mach_task_self(), s) == KERN_SUCCESS &&
+	    mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), bootstrap_port) == KERN_SUCCESS)
+		bootstrap_port = s;
+}
+
+#else
+
+void
+daemon_darwin(void)
+{
+}
+
+#endif
--- a/compat/daemon.c
+++ b/compat/daemon.c
@@ -28,12 +28,18 @@
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

+#include <sys/types.h>
+
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>

 #include "compat.h"

+#ifdef __APPLE__
+extern void daemon_darwin(void);
+#endif
+
 int
 daemon(int nochdir, int noclose)
 {
@@ -61,5 +67,9 @@ daemon(int nochdir, int noclose)
 		if (fd > 2)
 			(void)close (fd);
 	}
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+	daemon_darwin();
+#endif
 	return (0);
 }
--- a/compat/fdforkpty.c
+++ b/compat/fdforkpty.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include "compat.h"
+
+int
+getptmfd(void)
+{
+	return (INT_MAX);
+}
+
+pid_t
+fdforkpty(__unused int ptmfd, int *master, char *name, struct termios *tio,
+    struct winsize *ws)
+{
+	return (forkpty(master, name, tio, ws));
+}
--- a/compat/forkpty-aix.c
+++ b/compat/forkpty-aix.c
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ void fatal(const char *, ...);
 void fatalx(const char *, ...);

 pid_t
-forkpty(int *master, unused char *name, struct termios *tio, struct winsize *ws)
+forkpty(int *master, __unused char *name, struct termios *tio,
+    struct winsize *ws)
 {
 	int	slave = -1, fd, pipe_fd[2];
 	char   *path, dummy;
--- a/compat/getdtablecount.c
+++ b/compat/getdtablecount.c
@@ -30,19 +30,12 @@ getdtablecount(void)
 {
 	char	path[PATH_MAX];
 	glob_t	g;
-	int	n;
+	int	n = 0;

 	if (snprintf(path, sizeof path, "/proc/%ld/fd/*", (long)getpid()) < 0)
 		fatal("snprintf overflow");
-	switch (glob(path, 0, NULL, &g)) {
-	case GLOB_NOMATCH:
-		return (0);
-	case 0:
-		break;
-	default:
-		fatal("glob(\"%s\") failed", path);
-	}
-	n = g.gl_pathc;
+	if (glob(path, 0, NULL, &g) == 0)
+		n = g.gl_pathc;
 	globfree(&g);
 	return (n);
 }
--- a/compat/imsg-buffer.c
+++ b/compat/imsg-buffer.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$OpenBSD: imsg-buffer.c,v 1.10 2017/04/11 09:57:19 reyk Exp $	*/
+/*	$OpenBSD: imsg-buffer.c,v 1.11 2017/12/14 09:27:44 kettenis Exp $	*/

 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Henning Brauer <henning@openbsd.org>
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "imsg.h"

-int	ibuf_realloc(struct ibuf *, size_t);
-void	ibuf_enqueue(struct msgbuf *, struct ibuf *);
-void	ibuf_dequeue(struct msgbuf *, struct ibuf *);
+static int	ibuf_realloc(struct ibuf *, size_t);
+static void	ibuf_enqueue(struct msgbuf *, struct ibuf *);
+static void	ibuf_dequeue(struct msgbuf *, struct ibuf *);

 struct ibuf *
 ibuf_open(size_t len)
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ ibuf_dynamic(size_t len, size_t max)
 	return (buf);
 }

-int
+static int
 ibuf_realloc(struct ibuf *buf, size_t len)
 {
 	u_char	*b;
@@ -289,14 +289,14 @@ again:
 	return (1);
 }

-void
+static void
 ibuf_enqueue(struct msgbuf *msgbuf, struct ibuf *buf)
 {
 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&msgbuf->bufs, buf, entry);
 	msgbuf->queued++;
 }

-void
+static void
 ibuf_dequeue(struct msgbuf *msgbuf, struct ibuf *buf)
 {
 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&msgbuf->bufs, buf, entry);
--- a/compat/imsg.c
+++ b/compat/imsg.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$OpenBSD: imsg.c,v 1.15 2017/04/11 09:57:19 reyk Exp $	*/
+/*	$OpenBSD: imsg.c,v 1.16 2017/12/14 09:27:44 kettenis Exp $	*/

 /*
 * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Henning Brauer <henning@openbsd.org>
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@

 int	 imsg_fd_overhead = 0;

-int	 imsg_get_fd(struct imsgbuf *);
+static int	 imsg_get_fd(struct imsgbuf *);

 void
 imsg_init(struct imsgbuf *ibuf, int fd)
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ imsg_free(struct imsg *imsg)
 	freezero(imsg->data, imsg->hdr.len - IMSG_HEADER_SIZE);
 }

-int
+static int
 imsg_get_fd(struct imsgbuf *ibuf)
 {
 	int		 fd;
--- a/compat/memmem.c
+++ b/compat/memmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*	$OpenBSD: memmem.c,v 1.4 2015/08/31 02:53:57 guenther Exp $ */
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2005 Pascal Gloor <pascal.gloor@spale.com>
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ *    permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "compat.h"
+
+/*
+ * Find the first occurrence of the byte string s in byte string l.
+ */
+
+void *
+memmem(const void *l, size_t l_len, const void *s, size_t s_len)
+{
+	const char *cur, *last;
+	const char *cl = l;
+	const char *cs = s;
+
+	/* a zero length needle should just return the haystack */
+	if (s_len == 0)
+		return (void *)cl;
+
+	/* "s" must be smaller or equal to "l" */
+	if (l_len < s_len)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* special case where s_len == 1 */
+	if (s_len == 1)
+		return memchr(l, *cs, l_len);
+
+	/* the last position where its possible to find "s" in "l" */
+	last = cl + l_len - s_len;
+
+	for (cur = cl; cur <= last; cur++)
+		if (cur[0] == cs[0] && memcmp(cur, cs, s_len) == 0)
+			return (void *)cur;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
--- a/compat/setenv.c
+++ b/compat/setenv.c
@@ -15,13 +15,15 @@
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

+#include <sys/types.h>
+
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>

 #include "compat.h"

 int
-setenv(const char *name, const char *value, unused int overwrite)
+setenv(const char *name, const char *value, __unused int overwrite)
 {
 	char	*newval;

--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # configure.ac

-AC_INIT(tmux, 2.4)
+AC_INIT(tmux, 2.8)
 AC_PREREQ([2.60])

 AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR(etc)
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ AC_USE_SYSTEM_EXTENSIONS
 test "$sysconfdir" = '${prefix}/etc' && sysconfdir=/etc

 # Is this --enable-debug?
+test "x$VERSION" = xmaster && enable_debug=yes
 AC_ARG_ENABLE(
 	debug,
 	AC_HELP_STRING(--enable-debug, enable debug build flags),
@@ -103,10 +104,10 @@ AC_REPLACE_FUNCS([ \
 	closefrom \
 	explicit_bzero \
 	fgetln \
-	fparseln \
 	freezero \
 	getdtablecount \
 	getprogname \
+	memmem \
 	recallocarray \
 	reallocarray \
 	setenv \
@@ -175,7 +176,8 @@ if test "x$found_ncurses" = xno; then
 	)
 fi
 if test "x$found_ncurses" = xyes; then
-	CPPFLAGS="$LIBNCURSES_CFLAGS $LIBTINFO_CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS"
+	AM_CFLAGS="$LIBNCURSES_CFLAGS $LIBTINFO_CFLAGS $AM_CFLAGS"
+	CFLAGS="$LIBNCURSES_CFLAGS $LIBTINFO_CFLAGS $CFLAGS"
 	LIBS="$LIBNCURSES_LIBS $LIBTINFO_LIBS $LIBS"
 else
 	# pkg-config didn't work, try ncurses.
@@ -283,6 +285,7 @@ if test "x$found_b64_ntop" = xno; then
 	AC_MSG_RESULT(no)

 	AC_MSG_CHECKING(for b64_ntop with -lresolv)
+	OLD_LIBS="$LIBS"
 	LIBS="$LIBS -lresolv"
 	AC_TRY_LINK(
 		[
@@ -295,6 +298,7 @@ if test "x$found_b64_ntop" = xno; then
 		found_b64_ntop=no
 	)
 	if test "x$found_b64_ntop" = xno; then
+		LIBS="$OLD_LIBS"
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
 	fi
 fi
@@ -453,7 +457,21 @@ else
 	AC_LIBOBJ(getopt)
 fi

-# Look for forkpty in libutil. compat/forkpty-*.c is linked if not found.
+# Look for fparseln in libutil.
+AC_SEARCH_LIBS(fparseln, util, found_fparseln=yes, found_fparseln=no)
+if test "x$found_fparseln" = xyes; then
+	AC_DEFINE(HAVE_FPARSELN)
+else
+	AC_LIBOBJ(fparseln)
+fi
+
+# Look for fdforkpty and forkpty in libutil.
+AC_SEARCH_LIBS(fdforkpty, util, found_fdforkpty=yes, found_fdforkpty=no)
+if test "x$found_fdforkpty" = xyes; then
+	AC_DEFINE(HAVE_FDFORKPTY)
+else
+	AC_LIBOBJ(fdforkpty)
+fi
 AC_SEARCH_LIBS(forkpty, util, found_forkpty=yes, found_forkpty=no)
 if test "x$found_forkpty" = xyes; then
 	AC_DEFINE(HAVE_FORKPTY)
@@ -555,8 +573,15 @@ case "$host_os" in
 		;;
 	*darwin*)
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(darwin)
-		AC_DEFINE(BROKEN_CMSG_FIRSTHDR)
 		PLATFORM=darwin
+		#
+		# OS X CMSG_FIRSTHDR is broken, so redefine it with a working
+		# one. daemon works but has some stupid side effects, so use
+		# our internal version which has a workaround.
+		#
+		AC_DEFINE(BROKEN_CMSG_FIRSTHDR)
+		AC_LIBOBJ(daemon)
+		AC_LIBOBJ(daemon-darwin)
 		;;
 	*dragonfly*)
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(dragonfly)
@@ -585,13 +610,22 @@ case "$host_os" in
 	*solaris*)
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(sunos)
 		PLATFORM=sunos
-		MANFORMAT=man
+		case `/usr/bin/nroff --version 2>&1` in
+			*GNU*)
+				# Solaris 11.4 and later use GNU groff.
+				MANFORMAT=mdoc
+				;;
+			*)
+				# Solaris 2.0 to 11.3 use AT&T nroff.
+				MANFORMAT=man
+				;;
+		esac
 		;;
 	*hpux*)
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(hpux)
 		PLATFORM=hpux
 		;;
-	*cygwin*)
+	*cygwin*|*msys*)
 		AC_MSG_RESULT(cygwin)
 		PLATFORM=cygwin
 		;;
--- a/control-notify.c
+++ b/control-notify.c
@@ -59,14 +59,27 @@ control_notify_input(struct client *c, struct window_pane *wp,
 	}
 }

+void
+control_notify_pane_mode_changed(int pane)
+{
+	struct client	*c;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (!CONTROL_SHOULD_NOTIFY_CLIENT(c))
+			continue;
+
+		control_write(c, "%%pane-mode-changed %%%u", pane);
+	}
+}
+
 void
 control_notify_window_layout_changed(struct window *w)
 {
-	struct client		*c;
-	struct session		*s;
-	struct winlink		*wl;
-	const char		*template;
-	char			*cp;
+	struct client	*c;
+	struct session	*s;
+	struct winlink	*wl;
+	const char	*template;
+	char		*cp;

 	template = "%layout-change #{window_id} #{window_layout} "
 	    "#{window_visible_layout} #{window_flags}";
@@ -96,6 +109,20 @@ control_notify_window_layout_changed(struct window *w)
 	}
 }

+void
+control_notify_window_pane_changed(struct window *w)
+{
+	struct client	*c;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (!CONTROL_SHOULD_NOTIFY_CLIENT(c))
+			continue;
+
+		control_write(c, "%%window-pane-changed @%u %%%u", w->id,
+		    w->active->id);
+	}
+}
+
 void
 control_notify_window_unlinked(__unused struct session *s, struct window *w)
 {
@@ -154,15 +181,27 @@ control_notify_window_renamed(struct window *w)
 }

 void
-control_notify_client_session_changed(struct client *c)
+control_notify_client_session_changed(struct client *cc)
 {
+	struct client	*c;
 	struct session	*s;

-	if (!CONTROL_SHOULD_NOTIFY_CLIENT(c) || c->session == NULL)
+	if (cc->session == NULL)
 		return;
-	s = c->session;
+	s = cc->session;

-	control_write(c, "%%session-changed $%u %s", s->id, s->name);
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (!CONTROL_SHOULD_NOTIFY_CLIENT(c) || c->session == NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		if (cc == c) {
+			control_write(c, "%%session-changed $%u %s", s->id,
+			    s->name);
+		} else {
+			control_write(c, "%%client-session-changed %s $%u %s",
+			    cc->name, s->id, s->name);
+		}
+	}
 }

 void
@@ -203,3 +242,17 @@ control_notify_session_closed(__unused struct session *s)
 		control_write(c, "%%sessions-changed");
 	}
 }
+
+void
+control_notify_session_window_changed(struct session *s)
+{
+	struct client	*c;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (!CONTROL_SHOULD_NOTIFY_CLIENT(c))
+			continue;
+
+		control_write(c, "%%session-window-changed $%u @%u", s->id,
+		    s->curw->window->id);
+	}
+}
--- a/environ.c
+++ b/environ.c
@@ -208,9 +208,15 @@ environ_push(struct environ *env)

 /* Log the environment. */
 void
-environ_log(struct environ *env, const char *prefix)
+environ_log(struct environ *env, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	struct environ_entry	*envent;
+	va_list			 ap;
+	char			*prefix;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vasprintf(&prefix, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);

 	RB_FOREACH(envent, environ, env) {
 		if (envent->value != NULL && *envent->name != '\0') {
@@ -218,11 +224,13 @@ environ_log(struct environ *env, const char *prefix)
 			    envent->value);
 		}
 	}
+
+	free(prefix);
 }

 /* Create initial environment for new child. */
 struct environ *
-environ_for_session(struct session *s)
+environ_for_session(struct session *s, int no_TERM)
 {
 	struct environ	*env;
 	const char	*value;
@@ -233,8 +241,10 @@ environ_for_session(struct session *s)
 	if (s != NULL)
 		environ_copy(s->environ, env);

-	value = options_get_string(global_options, "default-terminal");
-	environ_set(env, "TERM", "%s", value);
+	if (!no_TERM) {
+		value = options_get_string(global_options, "default-terminal");
+		environ_set(env, "TERM", "%s", value);
+	}

 	if (s != NULL)
 		idx = s->id;
--- a/format.c
+++ b/format.c
@@ -17,13 +17,12 @@
 */

 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>

 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <fnmatch.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
-#include <netdb.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -40,32 +39,9 @@
 struct format_entry;
 typedef void (*format_cb)(struct format_tree *, struct format_entry *);

-static void	 format_job_callback(struct job *);
 static char	*format_job_get(struct format_tree *, const char *);
 static void	 format_job_timer(int, short, void *);

-static void	 format_cb_host(struct format_tree *, struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_host_short(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_pid(struct format_tree *, struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_session_alerts(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_window_layout(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_window_visible_layout(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_start_command(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_current_command(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_history_bytes(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-static void	 format_cb_pane_tabs(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-
-static void	 format_cb_current_path(struct format_tree *,
-		     struct format_entry *);
-
 static char	*format_find(struct format_tree *, const char *, int);
 static void	 format_add_cb(struct format_tree *, const char *, format_cb);
 static void	 format_add_tv(struct format_tree *, const char *,
@@ -76,17 +52,19 @@ static int	 format_replace(struct format_tree *, const char *, size_t,
 static void	 format_defaults_session(struct format_tree *,
 		     struct session *);
 static void	 format_defaults_client(struct format_tree *, struct client *);
-static void	 format_defaults_winlink(struct format_tree *, struct session *,
+static void	 format_defaults_winlink(struct format_tree *,
 		     struct winlink *);

 /* Entry in format job tree. */
 struct format_job {
+	struct client		*client;
 	u_int			 tag;
 	const char		*cmd;
 	const char		*expanded;

 	time_t			 last;
 	char			*out;
+	int			 updated;

 	struct job		*job;
 	int			 status;
@@ -129,9 +107,11 @@ struct format_entry {
 /* Format entry tree. */
 struct format_tree {
 	struct window		*w;
+	struct winlink		*wl;
 	struct session		*s;
 	struct window_pane	*wp;

+	struct client		*client;
 	u_int			 tag;
 	int			 flags;

@@ -207,17 +187,45 @@ static const char *format_lower[] = {
 	NULL		/* z */
 };

-/* Format job callback. */
+/* Format job update callback. */
 static void
-format_job_callback(struct job *job)
+format_job_update(struct job *job)
+{
+	struct format_job	*fj = job->data;
+	struct evbuffer		*evb = job->event->input;
+	char			*line = NULL, *next;
+	time_t			 t;
+
+	while ((next = evbuffer_readline(evb)) != NULL) {
+		free(line);
+		line = next;
+	}
+	if (line == NULL)
+		return;
+	fj->updated = 1;
+
+	free(fj->out);
+	fj->out = line;
+
+	log_debug("%s: %p %s: %s", __func__, fj, fj->cmd, fj->out);
+
+	t = time(NULL);
+	if (fj->status && fj->last != t) {
+		if (fj->client != NULL)
+			server_status_client(fj->client);
+		fj->last = t;
+	}
+}
+
+/* Format job complete callback. */
+static void
+format_job_complete(struct job *job)
 {
 	struct format_job	*fj = job->data;
 	char			*line, *buf;
 	size_t			 len;
-	struct client		*c;

 	fj->job = NULL;
-	free(fj->out);

 	buf = NULL;
 	if ((line = evbuffer_readline(job->event->input)) == NULL) {
@@ -228,37 +236,53 @@ format_job_callback(struct job *job)
 		buf[len] = '\0';
 	} else
 		buf = line;
-	fj->out = buf;
+
+	log_debug("%s: %p %s: %s", __func__, fj, fj->cmd, buf);
+
+	if (*buf != '\0' || !fj->updated) {
+		free(fj->out);
+		fj->out = buf;
+	} else
+		free(buf);

 	if (fj->status) {
-		TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry)
-		    server_status_client(c);
+		if (fj->client != NULL)
+			server_status_client(fj->client);
 		fj->status = 0;
 	}
-
-	log_debug("%s: %s: %s", __func__, fj->cmd, fj->out);
 }

 /* Find a job. */
 static char *
 format_job_get(struct format_tree *ft, const char *cmd)
 {
+	struct format_job_tree	*jobs;
 	struct format_job	 fj0, *fj;
 	time_t			 t;
 	char			*expanded;
 	int			 force;

+	if (ft->client == NULL)
+		jobs = &format_jobs;
+	else if (ft->client->jobs != NULL)
+		jobs = ft->client->jobs;
+	else {
+		jobs = ft->client->jobs = xmalloc(sizeof *ft->client->jobs);
+		RB_INIT(jobs);
+	}
+
 	fj0.tag = ft->tag;
 	fj0.cmd = cmd;
-	if ((fj = RB_FIND(format_job_tree, &format_jobs, &fj0)) == NULL) {
+	if ((fj = RB_FIND(format_job_tree, jobs, &fj0)) == NULL) {
 		fj = xcalloc(1, sizeof *fj);
+		fj->client = ft->client;
 		fj->tag = ft->tag;
 		fj->cmd = xstrdup(cmd);
 		fj->expanded = NULL;

 		xasprintf(&fj->out, "<'%s' not ready>", fj->cmd);

-		RB_INSERT(format_job_tree, &format_jobs, fj);
+		RB_INSERT(format_job_tree, jobs, fj);
 	}

 	expanded = format_expand(ft, cmd);
@@ -271,13 +295,14 @@ format_job_get(struct format_tree *ft, const char *cmd)

 	t = time(NULL);
 	if (fj->job == NULL && (force || fj->last != t)) {
-		fj->job = job_run(expanded, NULL, NULL, format_job_callback,
-		    NULL, fj);
+		fj->job = job_run(expanded, NULL, NULL, format_job_update,
+		    format_job_complete, NULL, fj, JOB_NOWAIT);
 		if (fj->job == NULL) {
 			free(fj->out);
 			xasprintf(&fj->out, "<'%s' didn't start>", fj->cmd);
 		}
 		fj->last = t;
+		fj->updated = 0;
 	}

 	if (ft->flags & FORMAT_STATUS)
@@ -289,17 +314,16 @@ format_job_get(struct format_tree *ft, const char *cmd)

 /* Remove old jobs. */
 static void
-format_job_timer(__unused int fd, __unused short events, __unused void *arg)
+format_job_tidy(struct format_job_tree *jobs, int force)
 {
 	struct format_job	*fj, *fj1;
 	time_t			 now;
-	struct timeval		 tv = { .tv_sec = 60 };

 	now = time(NULL);
-	RB_FOREACH_SAFE(fj, format_job_tree, &format_jobs, fj1) {
-		if (fj->last > now || now - fj->last < 3600)
+	RB_FOREACH_SAFE(fj, format_job_tree, jobs, fj1) {
+		if (!force && (fj->last > now || now - fj->last < 3600))
 			continue;
-		RB_REMOVE(format_job_tree, &format_jobs, fj);
+		RB_REMOVE(format_job_tree, jobs, fj);

 		log_debug("%s: %s", __func__, fj->cmd);

@@ -312,6 +336,29 @@ format_job_timer(__unused int fd, __unused short events, __unused void *arg)

 		free(fj);
 	}
+}
+
+/* Remove old jobs for client. */
+void
+format_lost_client(struct client *c)
+{
+	if (c->jobs != NULL)
+		format_job_tidy(c->jobs, 1);
+	free(c->jobs);
+}
+
+/* Remove old jobs periodically. */
+static void
+format_job_timer(__unused int fd, __unused short events, __unused void *arg)
+{
+	struct client	*c;
+	struct timeval	 tv = { .tv_sec = 60 };
+
+	format_job_tidy(&format_jobs, 0);
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (c->jobs != NULL)
+			format_job_tidy(c->jobs, 0);
+	}

 	evtimer_del(&format_job_event);
 	evtimer_add(&format_job_event, &tv);
@@ -357,7 +404,7 @@ format_cb_session_alerts(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
 {
 	struct session	*s = ft->s;
 	struct winlink	*wl;
-	char		 alerts[256], tmp[16];
+	char		 alerts[1024], tmp[16];

 	if (s == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -381,6 +428,48 @@ format_cb_session_alerts(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
 	fe->value = xstrdup(alerts);
 }

+/* Callback for session_stack. */
+static void
+format_cb_session_stack(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
+{
+	struct session	*s = ft->s;
+	struct winlink	*wl;
+	char		 result[1024], tmp[16];
+
+	if (s == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	xsnprintf(result, sizeof result, "%u", s->curw->idx);
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(wl, &s->lastw, sentry) {
+		xsnprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%u", wl->idx);
+
+		if (*result != '\0')
+			strlcat(result, ",", sizeof result);
+		strlcat(result, tmp, sizeof result);
+	}
+	fe->value = xstrdup(result);
+}
+
+/* Callback for window_stack_index. */
+static void
+format_cb_window_stack_index(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
+{
+	struct session	*s = ft->wl->session;
+	struct winlink	*wl;
+	u_int		 idx;
+
+	idx = 0;
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(wl, &s->lastw, sentry) {
+		idx++;
+		if (wl == ft->wl)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (wl != NULL)
+		xasprintf(&fe->value, "%u", idx);
+	else
+		fe->value = xstrdup("0");
+}
+
 /* Callback for window_layout. */
 static void
 format_cb_window_layout(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
@@ -444,7 +533,7 @@ format_cb_current_command(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
 }

 /* Callback for pane_current_path. */
-void
+static void
 format_cb_current_path(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
 {
 	struct window_pane	*wp = ft->wp;
@@ -474,11 +563,11 @@ format_cb_history_bytes(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)

 	size = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < gd->hsize; i++) {
-		gl = &gd->linedata[i];
+		gl = grid_get_line(gd, i);
 		size += gl->cellsize * sizeof *gl->celldata;
 		size += gl->extdsize * sizeof *gl->extddata;
 	}
-	size += gd->hsize * sizeof *gd->linedata;
+	size += gd->hsize * sizeof *gl;

 	xasprintf(&fe->value, "%llu", size);
 }
@@ -504,8 +593,35 @@ format_cb_pane_tabs(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
 			evbuffer_add(buffer, ",", 1);
 		evbuffer_add_printf(buffer, "%u", i);
 	}
-	size = EVBUFFER_LENGTH(buffer);
-	xasprintf(&fe->value, "%.*s", size, EVBUFFER_DATA(buffer));
+	if ((size = EVBUFFER_LENGTH(buffer)) != 0)
+		xasprintf(&fe->value, "%.*s", size, EVBUFFER_DATA(buffer));
+	evbuffer_free(buffer);
+}
+
+/* Callback for session_group_list. */
+static void
+format_cb_session_group_list(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_entry *fe)
+{
+	struct session		*s = ft->s;
+	struct session_group	*sg;
+	struct session		*loop;
+	struct evbuffer		*buffer;
+	int			 size;
+
+	if (s == NULL)
+		return;
+	sg = session_group_contains(s);
+	if (sg == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	buffer = evbuffer_new();
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(loop, &sg->sessions, gentry) {
+		if (EVBUFFER_LENGTH(buffer) > 0)
+			evbuffer_add(buffer, ",", 1);
+		evbuffer_add_printf(buffer, "%s", loop->name);
+	}
+	if ((size = EVBUFFER_LENGTH(buffer)) != 0)
+		xasprintf(&fe->value, "%.*s", size, EVBUFFER_DATA(buffer));
 	evbuffer_free(buffer);
 }

@@ -523,7 +639,7 @@ format_merge(struct format_tree *ft, struct format_tree *from)

 /* Create a new tree. */
 struct format_tree *
-format_create(struct cmdq_item *item, int tag, int flags)
+format_create(struct client *c, struct cmdq_item *item, int tag, int flags)
 {
 	struct format_tree	*ft;

@@ -535,6 +651,11 @@ format_create(struct cmdq_item *item, int tag, int flags)
 	ft = xcalloc(1, sizeof *ft);
 	RB_INIT(&ft->tree);

+	if (c != NULL) {
+		ft->client = c;
+		ft->client->references++;
+	}
+
 	ft->tag = tag;
 	ft->flags = flags;

@@ -545,10 +666,12 @@ format_create(struct cmdq_item *item, int tag, int flags)
 	format_add(ft, "socket_path", "%s", socket_path);
 	format_add_tv(ft, "start_time", &start_time);

-	if (item != NULL && item->cmd != NULL)
-		format_add(ft, "command", "%s", item->cmd->entry->name);
-	if (item != NULL && item->formats != NULL)
-		format_merge(ft, item->formats);
+	if (item != NULL) {
+		if (item->cmd != NULL)
+			format_add(ft, "command", "%s", item->cmd->entry->name);
+		if (item->shared != NULL && item->shared->formats != NULL)
+			format_merge(ft, item->shared->formats);
+	}

 	return (ft);
 }
@@ -566,6 +689,8 @@ format_free(struct format_tree *ft)
 		free(fe);
 	}

+	if (ft->client != NULL)
+		server_client_unref(ft->client);
 	free(ft);
 }

@@ -689,8 +814,11 @@ format_find(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, int modifiers)
 			found = s;
 			goto found;
 		}
-		if (fe->value == NULL && fe->cb != NULL)
+		if (fe->value == NULL && fe->cb != NULL) {
 			fe->cb(ft, fe);
+			if (fe->value == NULL)
+				fe->value = xstrdup("");
+		}
 		found = fe->value;
 		goto found;
 	}
@@ -726,18 +854,22 @@ found:
 	return (copy);
 }

-/* Skip until comma. */
-static char *
-format_skip(char *s)
+/* Skip until end. */
+static const char *
+format_skip(const char *s, char end)
 {
 	int	brackets = 0;

 	for (; *s != '\0'; s++) {
-		if (*s == '{')
+		if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '{')
 			brackets++;
+		if (*s == '#' && strchr(",#{}", s[1]) != NULL) {
+			s++;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (*s == '}')
 			brackets--;
-		if (*s == ',' && brackets == 0)
+		if (*s == end && brackets == 0)
 			break;
 	}
 	if (*s == '\0')
@@ -751,7 +883,7 @@ format_choose(char *s, char **left, char **right)
 {
 	char	*cp;

-	cp = format_skip(s);
+	cp = (char *)format_skip(s, ',');
 	if (cp == NULL)
 		return (-1);
 	*cp = '\0';
@@ -762,7 +894,7 @@ format_choose(char *s, char **left, char **right)
 }

 /* Is this true? */
-static int
+int
 format_true(const char *s)
 {
 	if (s != NULL && *s != '\0' && (s[0] != '0' || s[1] != '\0'))
@@ -770,19 +902,18 @@ format_true(const char *s)
 	return (0);
 }

-/*
- * Replace a key/value pair in buffer. #{blah} is expanded directly,
- * #{?blah,a,b} is replace with a if blah exists and is nonzero else b.
- */
+/* Replace a key. */
 static int
 format_replace(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, size_t keylen,
    char **buf, size_t *len, size_t *off)
 {
-	char		*copy, *copy0, *endptr, *ptr, *found, *new, *value;
-	char		*from = NULL, *to = NULL, *left, *right;
-	size_t		 valuelen, newlen, fromlen, tolen, used;
-	long		 limit = 0;
-	int		 modifiers = 0, compare = 0;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = ft->wp;
+	char			*copy, *copy0, *endptr, *ptr, *found, *new, sep;
+	char			*value, *from = NULL, *to = NULL, *left, *right;
+	size_t			 valuelen, newlen, fromlen, tolen, used;
+	long			 limit = 0;
+	int			 modifiers = 0, compare = 0, search = 0;
+	int			 literal = 0;

 	/* Make a copy of the key. */
 	copy0 = copy = xmalloc(keylen + 1);
@@ -791,6 +922,36 @@ format_replace(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, size_t keylen,

 	/* Is there a length limit or whatnot? */
 	switch (copy[0]) {
+	case 'l':
+		if (copy[1] != ':')
+			break;
+		literal = 1;
+		copy += 2;
+		break;
+	case 'm':
+		if (copy[1] != ':')
+			break;
+		compare = -2;
+		copy += 2;
+		break;
+	case 'C':
+		if (copy[1] != ':')
+			break;
+		search = 1;
+		copy += 2;
+		break;
+	case '|':
+		if (copy[1] != '|' || copy[2] != ':')
+			break;
+		compare = -3;
+		copy += 3;
+		break;
+	case '&':
+		if (copy[1] != '&' || copy[2] != ':')
+			break;
+		compare = -4;
+		copy += 3;
+		break;
 	case '!':
 		if (copy[1] == '=' && copy[2] == ':') {
 			compare = -1;
@@ -831,20 +992,21 @@ format_replace(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, size_t keylen,
 		copy += 2;
 		break;
 	case 's':
-		if (copy[1] != '/')
+		sep = copy[1];
+		if (sep == ':' || !ispunct((u_char)sep))
 			break;
 		from = copy + 2;
-		for (copy = from; *copy != '\0' && *copy != '/'; copy++)
+		for (copy = from; *copy != '\0' && *copy != sep; copy++)
 			/* nothing */;
-		if (copy[0] != '/' || copy == from) {
+		if (copy[0] != sep || copy == from) {
 			copy = copy0;
 			break;
 		}
 		copy[0] = '\0';
 		to = copy + 1;
-		for (copy = to; *copy != '\0' && *copy != '/'; copy++)
+		for (copy = to; *copy != '\0' && *copy != sep; copy++)
 			/* nothing */;
-		if (copy[0] != '/' || copy[1] != ':') {
+		if (copy[0] != sep || copy[1] != ':') {
 			copy = copy0;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -855,31 +1017,61 @@ format_replace(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, size_t keylen,
 		break;
 	}

+	/* Is this a literal string? */
+	if (literal) {
+		value = xstrdup(copy);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
 	/* Is this a comparison or a conditional? */
-	if (compare != 0) {
+	if (search) {
+		/* Search in pane. */
+		if (wp == NULL)
+			value = xstrdup("0");
+		else
+			xasprintf(&value, "%u", window_pane_search(wp, copy));
+	} else if (compare != 0) {
 		/* Comparison: compare comma-separated left and right. */
 		if (format_choose(copy, &left, &right) != 0)
 			goto fail;
 		left = format_expand(ft, left);
 		right = format_expand(ft, right);
-		if (compare == 1 && strcmp(left, right) == 0)
+		if (compare == -3 &&
+		    (format_true(left) || format_true(right)))
+			value = xstrdup("1");
+		else if (compare == -4 &&
+		    (format_true(left) && format_true(right)))
+			value = xstrdup("1");
+		else if (compare == 1 && strcmp(left, right) == 0)
 			value = xstrdup("1");
 		else if (compare == -1 && strcmp(left, right) != 0)
 			value = xstrdup("1");
+		else if (compare == -2 && fnmatch(left, right, 0) == 0)
+			value = xstrdup("1");
 		else
 			value = xstrdup("0");
 		free(right);
 		free(left);
 	} else if (*copy == '?') {
 		/* Conditional: check first and choose second or third. */
-		ptr = format_skip(copy);
+		ptr = (char *)format_skip(copy, ',');
 		if (ptr == NULL)
 			goto fail;
 		*ptr = '\0';

 		found = format_find(ft, copy + 1, modifiers);
-		if (found == NULL)
+		if (found == NULL) {
+			/*
+			 * If the conditional not found, try to expand it. If
+			 * the expansion doesn't have any effect, then assume
+			 * false.
+			 */
 			found = format_expand(ft, copy + 1);
+			if (strcmp(found, copy + 1) == 0) {
+				free(found);
+				found = xstrdup("");
+			}
+		}
 		if (format_choose(ptr + 1, &left, &right) != 0)
 			goto fail;

@@ -934,6 +1126,7 @@ format_replace(struct format_tree *ft, const char *key, size_t keylen,
 		value = new;
 	}

+done:
 	/* Expand the buffer and copy in the value. */
 	valuelen = strlen(value);
 	while (*len - *off < valuelen + 1) {
@@ -974,7 +1167,7 @@ format_expand_time(struct format_tree *ft, const char *fmt, time_t t)
 char *
 format_expand(struct format_tree *ft, const char *fmt)
 {
-	char		*buf, *out;
+	char		*buf, *out, *name;
 	const char	*ptr, *s, *saved = fmt;
 	size_t		 off, len, n, outlen;
 	int     	 ch, brackets;
@@ -1013,8 +1206,11 @@ format_expand(struct format_tree *ft, const char *fmt)

 			if (ft->flags & FORMAT_NOJOBS)
 				out = xstrdup("");
-			else
-				out = format_job_get(ft, xstrndup(fmt, n));
+			else {
+				name = xstrndup(fmt, n);
+				out = format_job_get(ft, name);
+				free(name);
+			}
 			outlen = strlen(out);

 			while (len - off < outlen + 1) {
@@ -1029,14 +1225,8 @@ format_expand(struct format_tree *ft, const char *fmt)
 			fmt += n + 1;
 			continue;
 		case '{':
-			brackets = 1;
-			for (ptr = fmt; *ptr != '\0'; ptr++) {
-				if (*ptr == '{')
-					brackets++;
-				if (*ptr == '}' && --brackets == 0)
-					break;
-			}
-			if (*ptr != '}' || brackets != 0)
+			ptr = format_skip(fmt - 2, '}');
+			if (ptr == NULL)
 				break;
 			n = ptr - fmt;

@@ -1044,12 +1234,14 @@ format_expand(struct format_tree *ft, const char *fmt)
 				break;
 			fmt += n + 1;
 			continue;
+		case '}':
 		case '#':
+		case ',':
 			while (len - off < 2) {
 				buf = xreallocarray(buf, 2, len);
 				len *= 2;
 			}
-			buf[off++] = '#';
+			buf[off++] = ch;
 			continue;
 		default:
 			s = NULL;
@@ -1088,7 +1280,10 @@ format_single(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *fmt, struct client *c,
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
 	char			*expanded;

-	ft = format_create(item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	if (item != NULL)
+		ft = format_create(item->client, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
+	else
+		ft = format_create(NULL, item, FORMAT_NONE, 0);
 	format_defaults(ft, c, s, wl, wp);

 	expanded = format_expand(ft, fmt);
@@ -1101,6 +1296,13 @@ void
 format_defaults(struct format_tree *ft, struct client *c, struct session *s,
    struct winlink *wl, struct window_pane *wp)
 {
+	if (c != NULL && s != NULL && c->session != s)
+		log_debug("%s: session does not match", __func__);
+
+	format_add(ft, "session_format", "%d", s != NULL);
+	format_add(ft, "window_format", "%d", wl != NULL);
+	format_add(ft, "pane_format", "%d", wp != NULL);
+
 	if (s == NULL && c != NULL)
 		s = c->session;
 	if (wl == NULL && s != NULL)
@@ -1112,8 +1314,8 @@ format_defaults(struct format_tree *ft, struct client *c, struct session *s,
 		format_defaults_client(ft, c);
 	if (s != NULL)
 		format_defaults_session(ft, s);
-	if (s != NULL && wl != NULL)
-		format_defaults_winlink(ft, s, wl);
+	if (wl != NULL)
+		format_defaults_winlink(ft, wl);
 	if (wp != NULL)
 		format_defaults_pane(ft, wp);
 }
@@ -1134,8 +1336,13 @@ format_defaults_session(struct format_tree *ft, struct session *s)

 	sg = session_group_contains(s);
 	format_add(ft, "session_grouped", "%d", sg != NULL);
-	if (sg != NULL)
+	if (sg != NULL) {
 		format_add(ft, "session_group", "%s", sg->name);
+		format_add(ft, "session_group_size", "%u",
+		    session_group_count (sg));
+		format_add_cb(ft, "session_group_list",
+		    format_cb_session_group_list);
+	}

 	format_add_tv(ft, "session_created", &s->creation_time);
 	format_add_tv(ft, "session_last_attached", &s->last_attached_time);
@@ -1145,6 +1352,7 @@ format_defaults_session(struct format_tree *ft, struct session *s)
 	format_add(ft, "session_many_attached", "%d", s->attached > 1);

 	format_add_cb(ft, "session_alerts", format_cb_session_alerts);
+	format_add_cb(ft, "session_stack", format_cb_session_stack);
 }

 /* Set default format keys for a client. */
@@ -1174,7 +1382,9 @@ format_defaults_client(struct format_tree *ft, struct client *c)

 	format_add_tv(ft, "client_created", &c->creation_time);
 	format_add_tv(ft, "client_activity", &c->activity_time);
-	format_add(ft, "client_written", "%zu", tty->written);
+
+	format_add(ft, "client_written", "%zu", c->written);
+	format_add(ft, "client_discarded", "%zu", c->discarded);

 	name = server_client_get_key_table(c);
 	if (strcmp(c->keytable->name, name) == 0)
@@ -1222,21 +1432,20 @@ format_defaults_window(struct format_tree *ft, struct window *w)

 /* Set default format keys for a winlink. */
 static void
-format_defaults_winlink(struct format_tree *ft, struct session *s,
-    struct winlink *wl)
+format_defaults_winlink(struct format_tree *ft, struct winlink *wl)
 {
+	struct session	*s = wl->session;
 	struct window	*w = wl->window;
-	char		*flags;

 	if (ft->w == NULL)
 		ft->w = wl->window;
-
-	flags = window_printable_flags(s, wl);
+	ft->wl = wl;

 	format_defaults_window(ft, w);

 	format_add(ft, "window_index", "%d", wl->idx);
-	format_add(ft, "window_flags", "%s", flags);
+	format_add_cb(ft, "window_stack_index", format_cb_window_stack_index);
+	format_add(ft, "window_flags", "%s", window_printable_flags(wl));
 	format_add(ft, "window_active", "%d", wl == s->curw);

 	format_add(ft, "window_bell_flag", "%d",
@@ -1248,8 +1457,6 @@ format_defaults_winlink(struct format_tree *ft, struct session *s,
 	format_add(ft, "window_last_flag", "%d",
 	    !!(wl == TAILQ_FIRST(&s->lastw)));
 	format_add(ft, "window_linked", "%d", session_is_linked(s, wl->window));
-
-	free(flags);
 }

 /* Set default format keys for a window pane. */
@@ -1257,8 +1464,8 @@ void
 format_defaults_pane(struct format_tree *ft, struct window_pane *wp)
 {
 	struct grid	*gd = wp->base.grid;
+	int  		 status = wp->status;
 	u_int		 idx;
-	int  		 status, scroll_position;

 	if (ft->w == NULL)
 		ft->w = wp->window;
@@ -1278,9 +1485,9 @@ format_defaults_pane(struct format_tree *ft, struct window_pane *wp)
 	format_add(ft, "pane_id", "%%%u", wp->id);
 	format_add(ft, "pane_active", "%d", wp == wp->window->active);
 	format_add(ft, "pane_input_off", "%d", !!(wp->flags & PANE_INPUTOFF));
+	format_add(ft, "pane_pipe", "%d", wp->pipe_fd != -1);

-	status = wp->status;
-	if (wp->fd == -1 && WIFEXITED(status))
+	if ((wp->flags & PANE_STATUSREADY) && WIFEXITED(status))
 		format_add(ft, "pane_dead_status", "%d", WEXITSTATUS(status));
 	format_add(ft, "pane_dead", "%d", wp->fd == -1);

@@ -1289,11 +1496,22 @@ format_defaults_pane(struct format_tree *ft, struct window_pane *wp)
 		format_add(ft, "pane_top", "%u", wp->yoff);
 		format_add(ft, "pane_right", "%u", wp->xoff + wp->sx - 1);
 		format_add(ft, "pane_bottom", "%u", wp->yoff + wp->sy - 1);
+		format_add(ft, "pane_at_left", "%d", wp->xoff == 0);
+		format_add(ft, "pane_at_top", "%d", wp->yoff == 0);
+		format_add(ft, "pane_at_right", "%d",
+		    wp->xoff + wp->sx == wp->window->sx);
+		format_add(ft, "pane_at_bottom", "%d",
+		    wp->yoff + wp->sy == wp->window->sy);
 	}

 	format_add(ft, "pane_in_mode", "%d", wp->screen != &wp->base);
+	if (wp->mode != NULL)
+		format_add(ft, "pane_mode", "%s", wp->mode->name);
+
 	format_add(ft, "pane_synchronized", "%d",
 	    !!options_get_number(wp->window->options, "synchronize-panes"));
+	if (wp->searchstr != NULL)
+		format_add(ft, "pane_search_string", "%s", wp->searchstr);

 	format_add(ft, "pane_tty", "%s", wp->tty);
 	format_add(ft, "pane_pid", "%ld", (long) wp->pid);
@@ -1306,9 +1524,7 @@ format_defaults_pane(struct format_tree *ft, struct window_pane *wp)
 	format_add(ft, "scroll_region_upper", "%u", wp->base.rupper);
 	format_add(ft, "scroll_region_lower", "%u", wp->base.rlower);

-	scroll_position = window_copy_scroll_position(wp);
-	if (scroll_position != -1)
-		format_add(ft, "scroll_position", "%d", scroll_position);
+	window_copy_add_formats(wp, ft);

 	format_add(ft, "alternate_on", "%d", wp->saved_grid ? 1 : 0);
 	format_add(ft, "alternate_saved_x", "%u", wp->saved_cx);
@@ -1341,12 +1557,17 @@ format_defaults_pane(struct format_tree *ft, struct window_pane *wp)
 void
 format_defaults_paste_buffer(struct format_tree *ft, struct paste_buffer *pb)
 {
-	size_t	 bufsize;
-	char	*s;
+	struct timeval	 tv;
+	size_t		 size;
+	char		*s;

-	paste_buffer_data(pb, &bufsize);
-	format_add(ft, "buffer_size", "%zu", bufsize);
+	timerclear(&tv);
+	tv.tv_sec = paste_buffer_created(pb);
+	paste_buffer_data(pb, &size);
+
+	format_add(ft, "buffer_size", "%zu", size);
 	format_add(ft, "buffer_name", "%s", paste_buffer_name(pb));
+	format_add_tv(ft, "buffer_created", &tv);

 	s = paste_make_sample(pb);
 	format_add(ft, "buffer_sample", "%s", s);
--- a/grid-view.c
+++ b/grid-view.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ grid_view_clear_history(struct grid *gd, u_int bg)
 	/* Find the last used line. */
 	last = 0;
 	for (yy = 0; yy < gd->sy; yy++) {
-		gl = &gd->linedata[grid_view_y(gd, yy)];
+		gl = grid_get_line(gd, grid_view_y(gd, yy));
 		if (gl->cellused != 0)
 			last = yy + 1;
 	}
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ grid_view_clear_history(struct grid *gd, u_int bg)

 	/* Scroll the lines into the history. */
 	for (yy = 0; yy < last; yy++) {
-		grid_collect_history(gd, bg);
+		grid_collect_history(gd);
 		grid_scroll_history(gd, bg);
 	}
 	if (last < gd->sy)
@@ -96,32 +96,34 @@ grid_view_clear(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx, u_int ny,

 /* Scroll region up. */
 void
-grid_view_scroll_region_up(struct grid *gd, u_int rupper, u_int rlower)
+grid_view_scroll_region_up(struct grid *gd, u_int rupper, u_int rlower,
+    u_int bg)
 {
 	if (gd->flags & GRID_HISTORY) {
-		grid_collect_history(gd, 8);
+		grid_collect_history(gd);
 		if (rupper == 0 && rlower == gd->sy - 1)
-			grid_scroll_history(gd, 8);
+			grid_scroll_history(gd, bg);
 		else {
 			rupper = grid_view_y(gd, rupper);
 			rlower = grid_view_y(gd, rlower);
-			grid_scroll_history_region(gd, rupper, rlower);
+			grid_scroll_history_region(gd, rupper, rlower, bg);
 		}
 	} else {
 		rupper = grid_view_y(gd, rupper);
 		rlower = grid_view_y(gd, rlower);
-		grid_move_lines(gd, rupper, rupper + 1, rlower - rupper, 8);
+		grid_move_lines(gd, rupper, rupper + 1, rlower - rupper, bg);
 	}
 }

 /* Scroll region down. */
 void
-grid_view_scroll_region_down(struct grid *gd, u_int rupper, u_int rlower)
+grid_view_scroll_region_down(struct grid *gd, u_int rupper, u_int rlower,
+    u_int bg)
 {
 	rupper = grid_view_y(gd, rupper);
 	rlower = grid_view_y(gd, rlower);

-	grid_move_lines(gd, rupper + 1, rupper, rlower - rupper, 8);
+	grid_move_lines(gd, rupper + 1, rupper, rlower - rupper, bg);
 }

 /* Insert lines. */
--- a/grid.c
+++ b/grid.c
@@ -43,22 +43,8 @@ static const struct grid_cell_entry grid_default_entry = {
 	0, { .data = { 0, 8, 8, ' ' } }
 };

-static void	grid_expand_line(struct grid *, u_int, u_int, u_int);
 static void	grid_empty_line(struct grid *, u_int, u_int);

-static void	grid_reflow_copy(struct grid_line *, u_int, struct grid_line *,
-		    u_int, u_int);
-static void	grid_reflow_join(struct grid *, u_int *, struct grid_line *,
-		    u_int);
-static void	grid_reflow_split(struct grid *, u_int *, struct grid_line *,
-		    u_int, u_int);
-static void	grid_reflow_move(struct grid *, u_int *, struct grid_line *);
-
-static size_t	grid_string_cells_fg(const struct grid_cell *, int *);
-static size_t	grid_string_cells_bg(const struct grid_cell *, int *);
-static void	grid_string_cells_code(const struct grid_cell *,
-		    const struct grid_cell *, char *, size_t, int);
-
 /* Store cell in entry. */
 static void
 grid_store_cell(struct grid_cell_entry *gce, const struct grid_cell *gc,
@@ -89,11 +75,53 @@ grid_need_extended_cell(const struct grid_cell_entry *gce,
 		return (1);
 	if (gc->data.size != 1 || gc->data.width != 1)
 		return (1);
-	if ((gc->fg & COLOUR_FLAG_RGB) ||(gc->bg & COLOUR_FLAG_RGB))
+	if ((gc->fg & COLOUR_FLAG_RGB) || (gc->bg & COLOUR_FLAG_RGB))
 		return (1);
 	return (0);
 }

+/* Free up unused extended cells. */
+static void
+grid_compact_line(struct grid_line *gl)
+{
+	int			 new_extdsize = 0;
+	struct grid_cell	*new_extddata;
+	struct grid_cell_entry	*gce;
+	struct grid_cell	*gc;
+	u_int			 px, idx;
+
+	if (gl->extdsize == 0)
+		return;
+
+	for (px = 0; px < gl->cellsize; px++) {
+		gce = &gl->celldata[px];
+		if (gce->flags & GRID_FLAG_EXTENDED)
+			new_extdsize++;
+	}
+
+	if (new_extdsize == 0) {
+		free(gl->extddata);
+		gl->extddata = NULL;
+		gl->extdsize = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	new_extddata = xreallocarray(NULL, new_extdsize, sizeof *gl->extddata);
+
+	idx = 0;
+	for (px = 0; px < gl->cellsize; px++) {
+		gce = &gl->celldata[px];
+		if (gce->flags & GRID_FLAG_EXTENDED) {
+			gc = &gl->extddata[gce->offset];
+			memcpy(&new_extddata[idx], gc, sizeof *gc);
+			gce->offset = idx++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(gl->extddata);
+	gl->extddata = new_extddata;
+	gl->extdsize = new_extdsize;
+}
+
 /* Set cell as extended. */
 static struct grid_cell *
 grid_extended_cell(struct grid_line *gl, struct grid_cell_entry *gce,
@@ -117,6 +145,20 @@ grid_extended_cell(struct grid_line *gl, struct grid_cell_entry *gce,
 	return (gcp);
 }

+/* Get line data. */
+struct grid_line *
+grid_get_line(struct grid *gd, u_int line)
+{
+	return (&gd->linedata[line]);
+}
+
+/* Adjust number of lines. */
+void
+grid_adjust_lines(struct grid *gd, u_int lines)
+{
+	gd->linedata = xreallocarray(gd->linedata, lines, sizeof *gd->linedata);
+}
+
 /* Copy default into a cell. */
 static void
 grid_clear_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int bg)
@@ -138,10 +180,10 @@ grid_clear_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int bg)

 /* Check grid y position. */
 static int
-grid_check_y(struct grid *gd, u_int py)
+grid_check_y(struct grid *gd, const char* from, u_int py)
 {
-	if ((py) >= (gd)->hsize + (gd)->sy) {
-		log_debug("y out of range: %u", py);
+	if (py >= gd->hsize + gd->sy) {
+		log_debug("%s: y out of range: %u", from, py);
 		return (-1);
 	}
 	return (0);
@@ -162,6 +204,26 @@ grid_cells_equal(const struct grid_cell *gca, const struct grid_cell *gcb)
 	return (memcmp(gca->data.data, gcb->data.data, gca->data.size) == 0);
 }

+/* Free one line. */
+static void
+grid_free_line(struct grid *gd, u_int py)
+{
+	free(gd->linedata[py].celldata);
+	gd->linedata[py].celldata = NULL;
+	free(gd->linedata[py].extddata);
+	gd->linedata[py].extddata = NULL;
+}
+
+/* Free several lines. */
+static void
+grid_free_lines(struct grid *gd, u_int py, u_int ny)
+{
+	u_int	yy;
+
+	for (yy = py; yy < py + ny; yy++)
+		grid_free_line(gd, yy);
+}
+
 /* Create a new grid. */
 struct grid *
 grid_create(u_int sx, u_int sy, u_int hlimit)
@@ -178,7 +240,10 @@ grid_create(u_int sx, u_int sy, u_int hlimit)
 	gd->hsize = 0;
 	gd->hlimit = hlimit;

-	gd->linedata = xcalloc(gd->sy, sizeof *gd->linedata);
+	if (gd->sy != 0)
+		gd->linedata = xcalloc(gd->sy, sizeof *gd->linedata);
+	else
+		gd->linedata = NULL;

 	return (gd);
 }
@@ -187,14 +252,7 @@ grid_create(u_int sx, u_int sy, u_int hlimit)
 void
 grid_destroy(struct grid *gd)
 {
-	struct grid_line	*gl;
-	u_int			 yy;
-
-	for (yy = 0; yy < gd->hsize + gd->sy; yy++) {
-		gl = &gd->linedata[yy];
-		free(gl->celldata);
-		free(gl->extddata);
-	}
+	grid_free_lines(gd, 0, gd->hsize + gd->sy);

 	free(gd->linedata);

@@ -228,24 +286,40 @@ grid_compare(struct grid *ga, struct grid *gb)
 	return (0);
 }

+/* Trim lines from the history. */
+static void
+grid_trim_history(struct grid *gd, u_int ny)
+{
+	grid_free_lines(gd, 0, ny);
+	memmove(&gd->linedata[0], &gd->linedata[ny],
+	    (gd->hsize + gd->sy - ny) * (sizeof *gd->linedata));
+}
+
 /*
 * Collect lines from the history if at the limit. Free the top (oldest) 10%
 * and shift up.
 */
 void
-grid_collect_history(struct grid *gd, u_int bg)
+grid_collect_history(struct grid *gd)
 {
-	u_int	yy;
+	u_int	ny;

-	if (gd->hsize < gd->hlimit)
+	if (gd->hsize == 0 || gd->hsize < gd->hlimit)
 		return;

-	yy = gd->hlimit / 10;
-	if (yy < 1)
-		yy = 1;
+	ny = gd->hlimit / 10;
+	if (ny < 1)
+		ny = 1;
+	if (ny > gd->hsize)
+		ny = gd->hsize;

-	grid_move_lines(gd, 0, yy, gd->hsize + gd->sy - yy, bg);
-	gd->hsize -= yy;
+	/*
+	 * Free the lines from 0 to ny then move the remaining lines over
+	 * them.
+	 */
+	grid_trim_history(gd, ny);
+
+	gd->hsize -= ny;
 	if (gd->hscrolled > gd->hsize)
 		gd->hscrolled = gd->hsize;
 }
@@ -265,6 +339,7 @@ grid_scroll_history(struct grid *gd, u_int bg)
 	grid_empty_line(gd, yy, bg);

 	gd->hscrolled++;
+	grid_compact_line(&gd->linedata[gd->hsize]);
 	gd->hsize++;
 }

@@ -272,8 +347,7 @@ grid_scroll_history(struct grid *gd, u_int bg)
 void
 grid_clear_history(struct grid *gd)
 {
-	grid_clear_lines(gd, 0, gd->hsize, 8);
-	grid_move_lines(gd, 0, gd->hsize, gd->sy, 8);
+	grid_trim_history(gd, gd->hsize);

 	gd->hscrolled = 0;
 	gd->hsize = 0;
@@ -284,9 +358,9 @@ grid_clear_history(struct grid *gd)

 /* Scroll a region up, moving the top line into the history. */
 void
-grid_scroll_history_region(struct grid *gd, u_int upper, u_int lower)
+grid_scroll_history_region(struct grid *gd, u_int upper, u_int lower, u_int bg)
 {
-	struct grid_line	*gl_history, *gl_upper, *gl_lower;
+	struct grid_line	*gl_history, *gl_upper;
 	u_int			 yy;

 	/* Create a space for a new line. */
@@ -302,14 +376,13 @@ grid_scroll_history_region(struct grid *gd, u_int upper, u_int lower)
 	upper++;
 	gl_upper = &gd->linedata[upper];
 	lower++;
-	gl_lower = &gd->linedata[lower];

 	/* Move the line into the history. */
 	memcpy(gl_history, gl_upper, sizeof *gl_history);

 	/* Then move the region up and clear the bottom line. */
 	memmove(gl_upper, gl_upper + 1, (lower - upper) * sizeof *gl_upper);
-	memset(gl_lower, 0, sizeof *gl_lower);
+	grid_empty_line(gd, lower, bg);

 	/* Move the history offset down over the line. */
 	gd->hscrolled++;
@@ -353,25 +426,16 @@ grid_empty_line(struct grid *gd, u_int py, u_int bg)
 const struct grid_line *
 grid_peek_line(struct grid *gd, u_int py)
 {
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return (NULL);
 	return (&gd->linedata[py]);
 }

-/* Get cell for reading. */
-void
-grid_get_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, struct grid_cell *gc)
+/* Get cell from line. */
+static void
+grid_get_cell1(struct grid_line *gl, u_int px, struct grid_cell *gc)
 {
-	struct grid_line	*gl;
-	struct grid_cell_entry	*gce;
-
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0 || px >= gd->linedata[py].cellsize) {
-		memcpy(gc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *gc);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	gl = &gd->linedata[py];
-	gce = &gl->celldata[px];
+	struct grid_cell_entry	*gce = &gl->celldata[px];

 	if (gce->flags & GRID_FLAG_EXTENDED) {
 		if (gce->offset >= gl->extdsize)
@@ -392,6 +456,18 @@ grid_get_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, struct grid_cell *gc)
 	utf8_set(&gc->data, gce->data.data);
 }

+/* Get cell for reading. */
+void
+grid_get_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, struct grid_cell *gc)
+{
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0 ||
+	    px >= gd->linedata[py].cellsize) {
+		memcpy(gc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *gc);
+		return;
+	}
+	return (grid_get_cell1(&gd->linedata[py], px, gc));
+}
+
 /* Set cell at relative position. */
 void
 grid_set_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, const struct grid_cell *gc)
@@ -399,7 +475,7 @@ grid_set_cell(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, const struct grid_cell *gc)
 	struct grid_line	*gl;
 	struct grid_cell_entry	*gce;

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;

 	grid_expand_line(gd, py, px + 1, 8);
@@ -425,7 +501,7 @@ grid_set_cells(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, const struct grid_cell *gc,
 	struct grid_cell	*gcp;
 	u_int			 i;

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;

 	grid_expand_line(gd, py, px + slen, 8);
@@ -458,9 +534,9 @@ grid_clear(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx, u_int ny, u_int bg)
 		return;
 	}

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py + ny - 1) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py + ny - 1) != 0)
 		return;

 	for (yy = py; yy < py + ny; yy++) {
@@ -472,7 +548,7 @@ grid_clear(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx, u_int ny, u_int bg)
 			gd->linedata[yy].cellsize = px;
 			continue;
 		}
-		grid_expand_line(gd, yy, px + nx, bg);
+		grid_expand_line(gd, yy, px + nx, 8); /* default bg first */
 		for (xx = px; xx < px + nx; xx++)
 			grid_clear_cell(gd, xx, yy, bg);
 	}
@@ -482,21 +558,18 @@ grid_clear(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx, u_int ny, u_int bg)
 void
 grid_clear_lines(struct grid *gd, u_int py, u_int ny, u_int bg)
 {
-	struct grid_line	*gl;
-	u_int			 yy;
+	u_int	yy;

 	if (ny == 0)
 		return;

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py + ny - 1) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py + ny - 1) != 0)
 		return;

 	for (yy = py; yy < py + ny; yy++) {
-		gl = &gd->linedata[yy];
-		free(gl->celldata);
-		free(gl->extddata);
+		grid_free_line(gd, yy);
 		grid_empty_line(gd, yy, bg);
 	}
 }
@@ -510,26 +583,29 @@ grid_move_lines(struct grid *gd, u_int dy, u_int py, u_int ny, u_int bg)
 	if (ny == 0 || py == dy)
 		return;

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py + ny - 1) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py + ny - 1) != 0)
 		return;
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, dy) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, dy) != 0)
 		return;
-	if (grid_check_y(gd, dy + ny - 1) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, dy + ny - 1) != 0)
 		return;

 	/* Free any lines which are being replaced. */
 	for (yy = dy; yy < dy + ny; yy++) {
 		if (yy >= py && yy < py + ny)
 			continue;
-		grid_clear_lines(gd, yy, 1, bg);
+		grid_free_line(gd, yy);
 	}

 	memmove(&gd->linedata[dy], &gd->linedata[py],
 	    ny * (sizeof *gd->linedata));

-	/* Wipe any lines that have been moved (without freeing them). */
+	/*
+	 * Wipe any lines that have been moved (without freeing them - they are
+	 * still present).
+	 */
 	for (yy = py; yy < py + ny; yy++) {
 		if (yy < dy || yy >= dy + ny)
 			grid_empty_line(gd, yy, bg);
@@ -547,7 +623,7 @@ grid_move_cells(struct grid *gd, u_int dx, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 	if (nx == 0 || px == dx)
 		return;

-	if (grid_check_y(gd, py) != 0)
+	if (grid_check_y(gd, __func__, py) != 0)
 		return;
 	gl = &gd->linedata[py];

@@ -666,8 +742,7 @@ grid_string_cells_bg(const struct grid_cell *gc, int *values)

 /*
 * Returns ANSI code to set particular attributes (colour, bold and so on)
- * given a current state. The output buffer must be able to hold at least 57
- * bytes.
+ * given a current state.
 */
 static void
 grid_string_cells_code(const struct grid_cell *lastgc,
@@ -675,8 +750,7 @@ grid_string_cells_code(const struct grid_cell *lastgc,
 {
 	int	oldc[64], newc[64], s[128];
 	size_t	noldc, nnewc, n, i;
-	u_int	attr = gc->attr;
-	u_int	lastattr = lastgc->attr;
+	u_int	attr = gc->attr, lastattr = lastgc->attr;
 	char	tmp[64];

 	struct {
@@ -708,23 +782,7 @@ grid_string_cells_code(const struct grid_cell *lastgc,
 			s[n++] = attrs[i].code;
 	}

-	/* If the foreground colour changed, append its parameters. */
-	nnewc = grid_string_cells_fg(gc, newc);
-	noldc = grid_string_cells_fg(lastgc, oldc);
-	if (nnewc != noldc || memcmp(newc, oldc, nnewc * sizeof newc[0]) != 0) {
-		for (i = 0; i < nnewc; i++)
-			s[n++] = newc[i];
-	}
-
-	/* If the background colour changed, append its parameters. */
-	nnewc = grid_string_cells_bg(gc, newc);
-	noldc = grid_string_cells_bg(lastgc, oldc);
-	if (nnewc != noldc || memcmp(newc, oldc, nnewc * sizeof newc[0]) != 0) {
-		for (i = 0; i < nnewc; i++)
-			s[n++] = newc[i];
-	}
-
-	/* If there are any parameters, append an SGR code. */
+	/* Write the attributes. */
 	*buf = '\0';
 	if (n > 0) {
 		if (escape_c0)
@@ -741,16 +799,56 @@ grid_string_cells_code(const struct grid_cell *lastgc,
 		strlcat(buf, "m", len);
 	}

+	/* If the foreground colour changed, write its parameters. */
+	nnewc = grid_string_cells_fg(gc, newc);
+	noldc = grid_string_cells_fg(lastgc, oldc);
+	if (nnewc != noldc ||
+	    memcmp(newc, oldc, nnewc * sizeof newc[0]) != 0 ||
+	    (n != 0 && s[0] == 0)) {
+		if (escape_c0)
+			strlcat(buf, "\\033[", len);
+		else
+			strlcat(buf, "\033[", len);
+		for (i = 0; i < nnewc; i++) {
+			if (i + 1 < nnewc)
+				xsnprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d;", newc[i]);
+			else
+				xsnprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d", newc[i]);
+			strlcat(buf, tmp, len);
+		}
+		strlcat(buf, "m", len);
+	}
+
+	/* If the background colour changed, append its parameters. */
+	nnewc = grid_string_cells_bg(gc, newc);
+	noldc = grid_string_cells_bg(lastgc, oldc);
+	if (nnewc != noldc ||
+	    memcmp(newc, oldc, nnewc * sizeof newc[0]) != 0 ||
+	    (n != 0 && s[0] == 0)) {
+		if (escape_c0)
+			strlcat(buf, "\\033[", len);
+		else
+			strlcat(buf, "\033[", len);
+		for (i = 0; i < nnewc; i++) {
+			if (i + 1 < nnewc)
+				xsnprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d;", newc[i]);
+			else
+				xsnprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d", newc[i]);
+			strlcat(buf, tmp, len);
+		}
+		strlcat(buf, "m", len);
+	}
+
 	/* Append shift in/shift out if needed. */
 	if ((attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET) && !(lastattr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)) {
 		if (escape_c0)
-			strlcat(buf, "\\016", len);  /* SO */
+			strlcat(buf, "\\016", len); /* SO */
 		else
 			strlcat(buf, "\016", len);  /* SO */
 	}
 	if (!(attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET) && (lastattr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)) {
 		if (escape_c0)
-			strlcat(buf, "\\017", len);  /* SI */
+			strlcat(buf, "\\017", len); /* SI */
 		else
 			strlcat(buf, "\017", len);  /* SI */
 	}
@@ -824,9 +922,8 @@ grid_string_cells(struct grid *gd, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 }

 /*
- * Duplicate a set of lines between two grids. If there aren't enough lines in
- * either source or destination, the number of lines is limited to the number
- * available.
+ * Duplicate a set of lines between two grids. Both source and destination
+ * should be big enough.
 */
 void
 grid_duplicate_lines(struct grid *dst, u_int dy, struct grid *src, u_int sy,
@@ -839,7 +936,7 @@ grid_duplicate_lines(struct grid *dst, u_int dy, struct grid *src, u_int sy,
 		ny = dst->hsize + dst->sy - dy;
 	if (sy + ny > src->hsize + src->sy)
 		ny = src->hsize + src->sy - sy;
-	grid_clear_lines(dst, dy, ny, 8);
+	grid_free_lines(dst, dy, ny);

 	for (yy = 0; yy < ny; yy++) {
 		srcl = &src->linedata[sy];
@@ -867,164 +964,327 @@ grid_duplicate_lines(struct grid *dst, u_int dy, struct grid *src, u_int sy,
 	}
 }

-/* Copy a section of a line. */
+/* Mark line as dead. */
 static void
-grid_reflow_copy(struct grid_line *dst_gl, u_int to, struct grid_line *src_gl,
-    u_int from, u_int to_copy)
+grid_reflow_dead(struct grid_line *gl)
 {
-	struct grid_cell_entry	*gce;
-	u_int			 i, was;
+	memset(gl, 0, sizeof *gl);
+	gl->flags = GRID_LINE_DEAD;
+}

-	memcpy(&dst_gl->celldata[to], &src_gl->celldata[from],
-	    to_copy * sizeof *dst_gl->celldata);
+/* Add lines, return the first new one. */
+static struct grid_line *
+grid_reflow_add(struct grid *gd, u_int n)
+{
+	struct grid_line	*gl;
+	u_int			 sy = gd->sy + n;

-	for (i = to; i < to + to_copy; i++) {
-		gce = &dst_gl->celldata[i];
-		if (~gce->flags & GRID_FLAG_EXTENDED)
+	gd->linedata = xreallocarray(gd->linedata, sy, sizeof *gd->linedata);
+	gl = &gd->linedata[gd->sy];
+	memset(gl, 0, n * (sizeof *gl));
+	gd->sy = sy;
+	return (gl);
+}
+
+/* Move a line across. */
+static struct grid_line *
+grid_reflow_move(struct grid *gd, struct grid_line *from)
+{
+	struct grid_line	*to;
+
+	to = grid_reflow_add(gd, 1);
+	memcpy(to, from, sizeof *to);
+	grid_reflow_dead(from);
+	return (to);
+}
+
+/* Join line below onto this one. */
+static void
+grid_reflow_join(struct grid *target, struct grid *gd, u_int sx, u_int yy,
+    u_int width, u_int *cy, int already)
+{
+	struct grid_line	*gl, *from = NULL;
+	struct grid_cell	 gc;
+	u_int			 lines, left, i, to, line, want = 0;
+	u_int			 at;
+	int			 wrapped = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Add a new target line.
+	 */
+	if (!already) {
+		to = target->sy;
+		gl = grid_reflow_move(target, &gd->linedata[yy]);
+	} else {
+		to = target->sy - 1;
+		gl = &target->linedata[to];
+	}
+	at = gl->cellused;
+
+	/*
+	 * Loop until no more to consume or the target line is full.
+	 */
+	lines = 0;
+	for (;;) {
+		/*
+		 * If this is now the last line, there is nothing more to be
+		 * done.
+		 */
+		if (yy + 1 + lines == gd->hsize + gd->sy)
+			break;
+		line = yy + 1 + lines;
+
+		/* If the next line is empty, skip it. */
+		if (~gd->linedata[line].flags & GRID_LINE_WRAPPED)
+			wrapped = 0;
+		if (gd->linedata[line].cellused == 0) {
+			if (!wrapped)
+				break;
+			lines++;
 			continue;
-		was = gce->offset;
-
-		dst_gl->extddata = xreallocarray(dst_gl->extddata,
-		    dst_gl->extdsize + 1, sizeof *dst_gl->extddata);
-		gce->offset = dst_gl->extdsize++;
-		memcpy(&dst_gl->extddata[gce->offset], &src_gl->extddata[was],
-		    sizeof *dst_gl->extddata);
-	}
-}
-
-/* Join line data. */
-static void
-grid_reflow_join(struct grid *dst, u_int *py, struct grid_line *src_gl,
-    u_int new_x)
-{
-	struct grid_line	*dst_gl = &dst->linedata[(*py) - 1];
-	u_int			 left, to_copy, ox, nx;
-
-	/* How much is left on the old line? */
-	left = new_x - dst_gl->cellused;
-
-	/* Work out how much to append. */
-	to_copy = src_gl->cellused;
-	if (to_copy > left)
-		to_copy = left;
-	ox = dst_gl->cellused;
-	nx = ox + to_copy;
-
-	/* Resize the destination line. */
-	dst_gl->celldata = xreallocarray(dst_gl->celldata, nx,
-	    sizeof *dst_gl->celldata);
-	dst_gl->cellsize = dst_gl->cellused = nx;
-
-	/* Append as much as possible. */
-	grid_reflow_copy(dst_gl, ox, src_gl, 0, to_copy);
-
-	/* If there is any left in the source, split it. */
-	if (src_gl->cellused > to_copy) {
-		dst_gl->flags |= GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
-
-		src_gl->cellused -= to_copy;
-		grid_reflow_split(dst, py, src_gl, new_x, to_copy);
-	}
-}
-
-/* Split line data. */
-static void
-grid_reflow_split(struct grid *dst, u_int *py, struct grid_line *src_gl,
-    u_int new_x, u_int offset)
-{
-	struct grid_line	*dst_gl = NULL;
-	u_int			 to_copy;
-
-	/* Loop and copy sections of the source line. */
-	while (src_gl->cellused > 0) {
-		/* Create new line. */
-		if (*py >= dst->hsize + dst->sy)
-			grid_scroll_history(dst, 8);
-		dst_gl = &dst->linedata[*py];
-		(*py)++;
-
-		/* How much should we copy? */
-		to_copy = new_x;
-		if (to_copy > src_gl->cellused)
-			to_copy = src_gl->cellused;
-
-		/* Expand destination line. */
-		dst_gl->celldata = xreallocarray(NULL, to_copy,
-		    sizeof *dst_gl->celldata);
-		dst_gl->cellsize = dst_gl->cellused = to_copy;
-		dst_gl->flags |= GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
-
-		/* Copy the data. */
-		grid_reflow_copy(dst_gl, 0, src_gl, offset, to_copy);
-
-		/* Move offset and reduce old line size. */
-		offset += to_copy;
-		src_gl->cellused -= to_copy;
-	}
-
-	/* Last line is not wrapped. */
-	if (dst_gl != NULL)
-		dst_gl->flags &= ~GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
-}
-
-/* Move line data. */
-static void
-grid_reflow_move(struct grid *dst, u_int *py, struct grid_line *src_gl)
-{
-	struct grid_line	*dst_gl;
-
-	/* Create new line. */
-	if (*py >= dst->hsize + dst->sy)
-		grid_scroll_history(dst, 8);
-	dst_gl = &dst->linedata[*py];
-	(*py)++;
-
-	/* Copy the old line. */
-	memcpy(dst_gl, src_gl, sizeof *dst_gl);
-	dst_gl->flags &= ~GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
-
-	/* Clear old line. */
-	src_gl->celldata = NULL;
-	src_gl->extddata = NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Reflow lines from src grid into dst grid of width new_x. Returns number of
- * lines fewer in the visible area. The source grid is destroyed.
- */
-u_int
-grid_reflow(struct grid *dst, struct grid *src, u_int new_x)
-{
-	u_int			 py, sy, line;
-	int			 previous_wrapped;
-	struct grid_line	*src_gl;
-
-	py = 0;
-	sy = src->sy;
-
-	previous_wrapped = 0;
-	for (line = 0; line < sy + src->hsize; line++) {
-		src_gl = src->linedata + line;
-		if (!previous_wrapped) {
-			/* Wasn't wrapped. If smaller, move to destination. */
-			if (src_gl->cellused <= new_x)
-				grid_reflow_move(dst, &py, src_gl);
-			else
-				grid_reflow_split(dst, &py, src_gl, new_x, 0);
-		} else {
-			/* Previous was wrapped. Try to join. */
-			grid_reflow_join(dst, &py, src_gl, new_x);
 		}
-		previous_wrapped = (src_gl->flags & GRID_LINE_WRAPPED);

-		/* This is where we started scrolling. */
-		if (line == sy + src->hsize - src->hscrolled - 1)
-			dst->hscrolled = 0;
+		/*
+		 * Is the destination line now full? Copy the first character
+		 * separately because we need to leave "from" set to the last
+		 * line if this line is full.
+		 */
+		grid_get_cell1(&gd->linedata[line], 0, &gc);
+		if (width + gc.data.width > sx)
+			break;
+		width += gc.data.width;
+		grid_set_cell(target, at, to, &gc);
+		at++;
+
+		/* Join as much more as possible onto the current line. */
+		from = &gd->linedata[line];
+		for (want = 1; want < from->cellused; want++) {
+			grid_get_cell1(from, want, &gc);
+			if (width + gc.data.width > sx)
+				break;
+			width += gc.data.width;
+
+			grid_set_cell(target, at, to, &gc);
+			at++;
+		}
+		lines++;
+
+		/*
+		 * If this line wasn't wrapped or we didn't consume the entire
+		 * line, don't try to join any further lines.
+		 */
+		if (!wrapped || want != from->cellused || width == sx)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (lines == 0)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we didn't consume the entire final line, then remove what we did
+	 * consume. If we consumed the entire line and it wasn't wrapped,
+	 * remove the wrap flag from this line.
+	 */
+	left = from->cellused - want;
+	if (left != 0) {
+		grid_move_cells(gd, 0, want, yy + lines, left, 8);
+		from->cellsize = from->cellused = left;
+		lines--;
+	} else if (!wrapped)
+		gl->flags &= ~GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
+
+	/* Remove the lines that were completely consumed. */
+	for (i = yy + 1; i < yy + 1 + lines; i++) {
+		free(gd->linedata[i].celldata);
+		free(gd->linedata[i].extddata);
+		grid_reflow_dead(&gd->linedata[i]);
 	}

-	grid_destroy(src);
-
-	if (py > sy)
-		return (0);
-	return (sy - py);
+	/* Adjust cursor and scroll positions. */
+	if (*cy > to + lines)
+		*cy -= lines;
+	else if (*cy > to)
+		*cy = to;
+	if (gd->hscrolled > to + lines)
+		gd->hscrolled -= lines;
+	else if (gd->hscrolled > to)
+		gd->hscrolled = to;
+}
+
+/* Split this line into several new ones */
+static void
+grid_reflow_split(struct grid *target, struct grid *gd, u_int sx, u_int yy,
+    u_int at, u_int *cy)
+{
+	struct grid_line	*gl = &gd->linedata[yy], *first;
+	struct grid_cell	 gc;
+	u_int			 line, lines, width, i, xx;
+	u_int			 used = gl->cellused;
+	int			 flags = gl->flags;
+
+	/* How many lines do we need to insert? We know we need at least two. */
+	if (~gl->flags & GRID_LINE_EXTENDED)
+		lines = 1 + (gl->cellused - 1) / sx;
+	else {
+		lines = 2;
+		width = 0;
+		for (i = at; i < used; i++) {
+			grid_get_cell1(gl, i, &gc);
+			if (width + gc.data.width > sx) {
+				lines++;
+				width = 0;
+			}
+			width += gc.data.width;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Insert new lines. */
+	line = target->sy + 1;
+	first = grid_reflow_add(target, lines);
+
+	/* Copy sections from the original line. */
+	width = 0;
+	xx = 0;
+	for (i = at; i < used; i++) {
+		grid_get_cell1(gl, i, &gc);
+		if (width + gc.data.width > sx) {
+			target->linedata[line].flags |= GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
+
+			line++;
+			width = 0;
+			xx = 0;
+		}
+		width += gc.data.width;
+		grid_set_cell(target, xx, line, &gc);
+		xx++;
+	}
+	if (flags & GRID_LINE_WRAPPED)
+		target->linedata[line].flags |= GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
+
+	/* Move the remainder of the original line. */
+	gl->cellsize = gl->cellused = at;
+	gl->flags |= GRID_LINE_WRAPPED;
+	memcpy(first, gl, sizeof *first);
+	grid_reflow_dead(gl);
+
+	/* Adjust the cursor and scroll positions. */
+	if (yy <= *cy)
+		(*cy) += lines - 1;
+	if (yy <= gd->hscrolled)
+		gd->hscrolled += lines - 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the original line had the wrapped flag and there is still space
+	 * in the last new line, try to join with the next lines.
+	 */
+	if (width < sx && (flags & GRID_LINE_WRAPPED))
+		grid_reflow_join(target, gd, sx, yy, width, cy, 1);
+}
+
+/* Reflow lines on grid to new width. */
+void
+grid_reflow(struct grid *gd, u_int sx, u_int *cursor)
+{
+	struct grid		*target;
+	struct grid_line	*gl;
+	struct grid_cell	 gc;
+	u_int			 yy, cy, width, i, at, first;
+	struct timeval		 start, tv;
+
+	gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
+
+	log_debug("%s: %u lines, new width %u", __func__, gd->hsize + gd->sy,
+	    sx);
+	cy = gd->hsize + (*cursor);
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a destination grid. This is just used as a container for the
+	 * line data and may not be fully valid.
+	 */
+	target = grid_create(gd->sx, 0, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Loop over each source line.
+	 */
+	for (yy = 0; yy < gd->hsize + gd->sy; yy++) {
+		gl = &gd->linedata[yy];
+		if (gl->flags & GRID_LINE_DEAD)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Work out the width of this line. first is the width of the
+		 * first character, at is the point at which the available
+		 * width is hit, and width is the full line width.
+		 */
+		first = at = width = 0;
+		if (~gl->flags & GRID_LINE_EXTENDED) {
+			first = 1;
+			width = gl->cellused;
+			if (width > sx)
+				at = sx;
+			else
+				at = width;
+		} else {
+			for (i = 0; i < gl->cellused; i++) {
+				grid_get_cell1(gl, i, &gc);
+				if (i == 0)
+					first = gc.data.width;
+				if (at == 0 && width + gc.data.width > sx)
+					at = i;
+				width += gc.data.width;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the line is exactly right or the first character is wider
+		 * than the targe width, just move it across unchanged.
+		 */
+		if (width == sx || first > sx) {
+			grid_reflow_move(target, gl);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the line is too big, it needs to be split, whether or not
+		 * it was previously wrapped.
+		 */
+		if (width > sx) {
+			grid_reflow_split(target, gd, sx, yy, at, &cy);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the line was previously wrapped, join as much as possible
+		 * of the next line.
+		 */
+		if (gl->flags & GRID_LINE_WRAPPED)
+			grid_reflow_join(target, gd, sx, yy, width, &cy, 0);
+		else
+			grid_reflow_move(target, gl);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Replace the old grid with the new.
+	 */
+	if (target->sy < gd->sy)
+		grid_reflow_add(target, gd->sy - target->sy);
+	gd->hsize = target->sy - gd->sy;
+	free(gd->linedata);
+	gd->linedata = target->linedata;
+	free(target);
+
+	/*
+	 * Update scrolled and cursor positions.
+	 */
+	if (gd->hscrolled > gd->hsize)
+		gd->hscrolled = gd->hsize;
+	if (cy < gd->hsize)
+		*cursor = 0;
+	else
+		*cursor = cy - gd->hsize;
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	timersub(&tv, &start, &tv);
+	log_debug("%s: now %u lines (in %llu.%06u seconds)", __func__,
+	    gd->hsize + gd->sy, (unsigned long long)tv.tv_sec,
+	    (u_int)tv.tv_usec);
 }
--- a/hooks.c
+++ b/hooks.c
@@ -139,33 +139,6 @@ hooks_find(struct hooks *hooks, const char *name)
 	return (hook);
 }

-void
-hooks_run(struct hooks *hooks, struct client *c, struct cmd_find_state *fs,
-    const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	struct hook		*hook;
-	va_list			 ap;
-	char			*name;
-	struct cmdq_item	*new_item;
-
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	xvasprintf(&name, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-
-	hook = hooks_find(hooks, name);
-	if (hook == NULL) {
-		free(name);
-		return;
-	}
-	log_debug("running hook %s", name);
-
-	new_item = cmdq_get_command(hook->cmdlist, fs, NULL, CMDQ_NOHOOKS);
-	cmdq_format(new_item, "hook", "%s", name);
-	cmdq_append(c, new_item);
-
-	free(name);
-}
-
 void
 hooks_insert(struct hooks *hooks, struct cmdq_item *item,
    struct cmd_find_state *fs, const char *fmt, ...)
--- a/input-keys.c
+++ b/input-keys.c
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ static const struct input_key_ent input_keys[] = {
 	/* Backspace key. */
 	{ KEYC_BSPACE,		"\177",		0 },

+	/* Paste keys. */
+	{ KEYC_PASTE_START,	"\033[200~",	0 },
+	{ KEYC_PASTE_END,	"\033[201~",	0 },
+
 	/* Function keys. */
 	{ KEYC_F1,		"\033OP",	0 },
 	{ KEYC_F2,		"\033OQ",	0 },
@@ -172,7 +176,7 @@ input_key(struct window_pane *wp, key_code key, struct mouse_event *m)
 	 * If this is a normal 7-bit key, just send it, with a leading escape
 	 * if necessary. If it is a UTF-8 key, split it and send it.
 	 */
-	justkey = (key & ~KEYC_ESCAPE);
+	justkey = (key & ~(KEYC_XTERM|KEYC_ESCAPE));
 	if (justkey <= 0x7f) {
 		if (key & KEYC_ESCAPE)
 			bufferevent_write(wp->event, "\033", 1);
@@ -200,6 +204,7 @@ input_key(struct window_pane *wp, key_code key, struct mouse_event *m)
 			return;
 		}
 	}
+	key &= ~KEYC_XTERM;

 	/* Otherwise look the key up in the table. */
 	for (i = 0; i < nitems(input_keys); i++) {
--- a/input.c
+++ b/input.c
--- a/job.c
+++ b/job.c
@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@
 * output.
 */

-static void	job_callback(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);
+static void	job_read_callback(struct bufferevent *, void *);
 static void	job_write_callback(struct bufferevent *, void *);
+static void	job_error_callback(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);

 /* All jobs list. */
 struct joblist	all_jobs = LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(all_jobs);
@@ -41,26 +42,37 @@ struct joblist	all_jobs = LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(all_jobs);
 /* Start a job running, if it isn't already. */
 struct job *
 job_run(const char *cmd, struct session *s, const char *cwd,
-    void (*callbackfn)(struct job *), void (*freefn)(void *), void *data)
+    job_update_cb updatecb, job_complete_cb completecb, job_free_cb freecb,
+    void *data, int flags)
 {
 	struct job	*job;
 	struct environ	*env;
 	pid_t		 pid;
 	int		 nullfd, out[2];
 	const char	*home;
+	sigset_t	 set, oldset;

 	if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC, out) != 0)
 		return (NULL);

-	env = environ_for_session(s);
+	/*
+	 * Do not set TERM during .tmux.conf, it is nice to be able to use
+	 * if-shell to decide on default-terminal based on outside TERM.
+	 */
+	env = environ_for_session(s, !cfg_finished);
+
+	sigfillset(&set);
+	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oldset);
 	switch (pid = fork()) {
 	case -1:
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
 		environ_free(env);
 		close(out[0]);
 		close(out[1]);
 		return (NULL);
-	case 0:		/* child */
-		clear_signals(1);
+	case 0:
+		proc_clear_signals(server_proc, 1);
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);

 		if (cwd == NULL || chdir(cwd) != 0) {
 			if ((home = find_home()) == NULL || chdir(home) != 0)
@@ -92,28 +104,30 @@ job_run(const char *cmd, struct session *s, const char *cwd,
 		fatal("execl failed");
 	}

-	/* parent */
+	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
 	environ_free(env);
 	close(out[1]);

 	job = xmalloc(sizeof *job);
 	job->state = JOB_RUNNING;
+	job->flags = flags;

 	job->cmd = xstrdup(cmd);
 	job->pid = pid;
 	job->status = 0;

-	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&all_jobs, job, lentry);
+	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&all_jobs, job, entry);

-	job->callbackfn = callbackfn;
-	job->freefn = freefn;
+	job->updatecb = updatecb;
+	job->completecb = completecb;
+	job->freecb = freecb;
 	job->data = data;

 	job->fd = out[0];
 	setblocking(job->fd, 0);

-	job->event = bufferevent_new(job->fd, NULL, job_write_callback,
-	    job_callback, job);
+	job->event = bufferevent_new(job->fd, job_read_callback,
+	    job_write_callback, job_error_callback, job);
 	bufferevent_enable(job->event, EV_READ|EV_WRITE);

 	log_debug("run job %p: %s, pid %ld", job, job->cmd, (long) job->pid);
@@ -126,11 +140,11 @@ job_free(struct job *job)
 {
 	log_debug("free job %p: %s", job, job->cmd);

-	LIST_REMOVE(job, lentry);
+	LIST_REMOVE(job, entry);
 	free(job->cmd);

-	if (job->freefn != NULL && job->data != NULL)
-		job->freefn(job->data);
+	if (job->freecb != NULL && job->data != NULL)
+		job->freecb(job->data);

 	if (job->pid != -1)
 		kill(job->pid, SIGTERM);
@@ -142,7 +156,21 @@ job_free(struct job *job)
 	free(job);
 }

-/* Called when output buffer falls below low watermark (default is 0). */
+/* Job buffer read callback. */
+static void
+job_read_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data)
+{
+	struct job	*job = data;
+
+	if (job->updatecb != NULL)
+		job->updatecb(job);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Job buffer write callback. Fired when the buffer falls below watermark
+ * (default is empty). If all the data has been written, disable the write
+ * event.
+ */
 static void
 job_write_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data)
 {
@@ -160,7 +188,7 @@ job_write_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data)

 /* Job buffer error callback. */
 static void
-job_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, __unused short events,
+job_error_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, __unused short events,
    void *data)
 {
 	struct job	*job = data;
@@ -168,8 +196,8 @@ job_callback(__unused struct bufferevent *bufev, __unused short events,
 	log_debug("job error %p: %s, pid %ld", job, job->cmd, (long) job->pid);

 	if (job->state == JOB_DEAD) {
-		if (job->callbackfn != NULL)
-			job->callbackfn(job);
+		if (job->completecb != NULL)
+			job->completecb(job);
 		job_free(job);
 	} else {
 		bufferevent_disable(job->event, EV_READ);
@@ -186,8 +214,8 @@ job_died(struct job *job, int status)
 	job->status = status;

 	if (job->state == JOB_CLOSED) {
-		if (job->callbackfn != NULL)
-			job->callbackfn(job);
+		if (job->completecb != NULL)
+			job->completecb(job);
 		job_free(job);
 	} else {
 		job->pid = -1;
--- a/key-bindings.c
+++ b/key-bindings.c
@@ -24,17 +24,19 @@

 #include "tmux.h"

-RB_GENERATE(key_bindings, key_binding, entry, key_bindings_cmp);
-RB_GENERATE(key_tables, key_table, entry, key_table_cmp);
-struct key_tables key_tables = RB_INITIALIZER(&key_tables);
+static int key_bindings_cmp(struct key_binding *, struct key_binding *);
+RB_GENERATE_STATIC(key_bindings, key_binding, entry, key_bindings_cmp);
+static int key_table_cmp(struct key_table *, struct key_table *);
+RB_GENERATE_STATIC(key_tables, key_table, entry, key_table_cmp);
+static struct key_tables key_tables = RB_INITIALIZER(&key_tables);

-int
-key_table_cmp(struct key_table *e1, struct key_table *e2)
+static int
+key_table_cmp(struct key_table *table1, struct key_table *table2)
 {
-	return (strcmp(e1->name, e2->name));
+	return (strcmp(table1->name, table2->name));
 }

-int
+static int
 key_bindings_cmp(struct key_binding *bd1, struct key_binding *bd2)
 {
 	if (bd1->key < bd2->key)
@@ -64,6 +66,18 @@ key_bindings_get_table(const char *name, int create)
 	return (table);
 }

+struct key_table *
+key_bindings_first_table(void)
+{
+	return (RB_MIN(key_tables, &key_tables));
+}
+
+struct key_table *
+key_bindings_next_table(struct key_table *table)
+{
+	return (RB_NEXT(key_tables, &key_tables, table));
+}
+
 void
 key_bindings_unref_table(struct key_table *table)
 {
@@ -83,8 +97,29 @@ key_bindings_unref_table(struct key_table *table)
 	free(table);
 }

+struct key_binding *
+key_bindings_get(struct key_table *table, key_code key)
+{
+	struct key_binding	bd;
+
+	bd.key = key;
+	return (RB_FIND(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, &bd));
+}
+
+struct key_binding *
+key_bindings_first(struct key_table *table)
+{
+	return (RB_MIN(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings));
+}
+
+struct key_binding *
+key_bindings_next(__unused struct key_table *table, struct key_binding *bd)
+{
+	return (RB_NEXT(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, bd));
+}
+
 void
-key_bindings_add(const char *name, key_code key, int can_repeat,
+key_bindings_add(const char *name, key_code key, int repeat,
    struct cmd_list *cmdlist)
 {
 	struct key_table	*table;
@@ -92,7 +127,7 @@ key_bindings_add(const char *name, key_code key, int can_repeat,

 	table = key_bindings_get_table(name, 1);

-	bd_find.key = key;
+	bd_find.key = (key & ~KEYC_XTERM);
 	bd = RB_FIND(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, &bd_find);
 	if (bd != NULL) {
 		RB_REMOVE(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, bd);
@@ -100,11 +135,12 @@ key_bindings_add(const char *name, key_code key, int can_repeat,
 		free(bd);
 	}

-	bd = xmalloc(sizeof *bd);
+	bd = xcalloc(1, sizeof *bd);
 	bd->key = key;
 	RB_INSERT(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, bd);

-	bd->can_repeat = can_repeat;
+	if (repeat)
+		bd->flags |= KEY_BINDING_REPEAT;
 	bd->cmdlist = cmdlist;
 }

@@ -118,7 +154,7 @@ key_bindings_remove(const char *name, key_code key)
 	if (table == NULL)
 		return;

-	bd_find.key = key;
+	bd_find.key = (key & ~KEYC_XTERM);
 	bd = RB_FIND(key_bindings, &table->key_bindings, &bd_find);
 	if (bd == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -137,12 +173,17 @@ void
 key_bindings_remove_table(const char *name)
 {
 	struct key_table	*table;
+	struct client		*c;

 	table = key_bindings_get_table(name, 0);
 	if (table != NULL) {
 		RB_REMOVE(key_tables, &key_tables, table);
 		key_bindings_unref_table(table);
 	}
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(c, &clients, entry) {
+		if (c->keytable == table)
+			server_client_set_key_table(c, NULL);
+	}
 }

 void
@@ -156,13 +197,13 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind ! break-pane",
 		"bind '\"' split-window",
 		"bind '#' list-buffers",
-		"bind '$' command-prompt -I'#S' \"rename-session '%%'\"",
+		"bind '$' command-prompt -I'#S' \"rename-session -- '%%'\"",
 		"bind % split-window -h",
 		"bind & confirm-before -p\"kill-window #W? (y/n)\" kill-window",
 		"bind \"'\" command-prompt -pindex \"select-window -t ':%%'\"",
 		"bind ( switch-client -p",
 		"bind ) switch-client -n",
-		"bind , command-prompt -I'#W' \"rename-window '%%'\"",
+		"bind , command-prompt -I'#W' \"rename-window -- '%%'\"",
 		"bind - delete-buffer",
 		"bind . command-prompt \"move-window -t '%%'\"",
 		"bind 0 select-window -t:=0",
@@ -177,16 +218,17 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind 9 select-window -t:=9",
 		"bind : command-prompt",
 		"bind \\; last-pane",
-		"bind = choose-buffer",
+		"bind = choose-buffer -Z",
 		"bind ? list-keys",
-		"bind D choose-client",
+		"bind D choose-client -Z",
+		"bind E select-layout -E",
 		"bind L switch-client -l",
 		"bind M select-pane -M",
 		"bind [ copy-mode",
 		"bind ] paste-buffer",
 		"bind c new-window",
 		"bind d detach-client",
-		"bind f command-prompt \"find-window '%%'\"",
+		"bind f command-prompt \"find-window -- '%%'\"",
 		"bind i display-message",
 		"bind l last-window",
 		"bind m select-pane -m",
@@ -195,9 +237,9 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind p previous-window",
 		"bind q display-panes",
 		"bind r refresh-client",
-		"bind s choose-tree",
+		"bind s choose-tree -Zs",
 		"bind t clock-mode",
-		"bind w choose-window",
+		"bind w choose-tree -Zw",
 		"bind x confirm-before -p\"kill-pane #P? (y/n)\" kill-pane",
 		"bind z resize-pane -Z",
 		"bind { swap-pane -U",
@@ -243,23 +285,23 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-k send -X copy-end-of-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-n send -X cursor-down",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-p send -X cursor-up",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-r command-prompt -ip'search up' 'send -X search-backward-incremental \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-s command-prompt -ip'search down' 'send -X search-forward-incremental \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-r command-prompt -ip'(search up)' -I'#{pane_search_string}' 'send -X search-backward-incremental \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-s command-prompt -ip'(search down)' -I'#{pane_search_string}' 'send -X search-forward-incremental \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-v send -X page-down",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode C-w send -X copy-selection-and-cancel",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Escape send -X cancel",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Space send -X page-down",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode , send -X jump-reverse",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode \\; send -X jump-again",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode F command-prompt -1p'jump backward' 'send -X jump-backward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode F command-prompt -1p'(jump backward)' 'send -X jump-backward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode N send -X search-reverse",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode R send -X rectangle-toggle",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode T command-prompt -1p'jump to backward' 'send -X jump-to-backward \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode f command-prompt -1p'jump forward' 'send -X jump-forward \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode g command-prompt -p'goto line' 'send -X goto-line \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode T command-prompt -1p'(jump to backward)' 'send -X jump-to-backward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode f command-prompt -1p'(jump forward)' 'send -X jump-forward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode g command-prompt -p'(goto line)' 'send -X goto-line \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode n send -X search-again",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode q send -X cancel",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode t command-prompt -1p'jump to forward' 'send -X jump-to-forward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode t command-prompt -1p'(jump to forward)' 'send -X jump-to-forward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Home send -X start-of-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode End send -X end-of-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode MouseDown1Pane select-pane",
@@ -275,15 +317,15 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Down send -X cursor-down",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Left send -X cursor-left",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode Right send -X cursor-right",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-1 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I1 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-2 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I2 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-3 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I3 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-4 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I4 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-5 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I5 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-6 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I6 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-7 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I7 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-8 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I8 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-9 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I9 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-1 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I1 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-2 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I2 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-3 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I3 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-4 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I4 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-5 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I5 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-6 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I6 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-7 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I7 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-8 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I8 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-9 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I9 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-< send -X history-top",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-> send -X history-bottom",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode M-R send -X top-line",
@@ -315,25 +357,25 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi Space send -X begin-selection",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi '$' send -X end-of-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi , send -X jump-reverse",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi / command-prompt -p'search down' 'send -X search-forward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi / command-prompt -p'(search down)' 'send -X search-forward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 0 send -X start-of-line",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 1 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I1 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 2 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I2 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 3 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I3 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 4 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I4 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 5 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I5 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 6 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I6 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 7 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I7 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 8 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I8 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 9 command-prompt -Np'repeat' -I9 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi : command-prompt -p'goto line' 'send -X goto-line \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 1 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I1 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 2 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I2 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 3 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I3 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 4 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I4 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 5 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I5 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 6 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I6 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 7 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I7 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 8 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I8 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi 9 command-prompt -Np'(repeat)' -I9 'send -N \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi : command-prompt -p'(goto line)' 'send -X goto-line \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi \\; send -X jump-again",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi ? command-prompt -p'search up' 'send -X search-backward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi ? command-prompt -p'(search up)' 'send -X search-backward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi A send -X append-selection-and-cancel",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi B send -X previous-space",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi D send -X copy-end-of-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi E send -X next-space-end",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi F command-prompt -1p'jump backward' 'send -X jump-backward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi F command-prompt -1p'(jump backward)' 'send -X jump-backward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi G send -X history-bottom",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi H send -X top-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi J send -X scroll-down",
@@ -341,13 +383,13 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi L send -X bottom-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi M send -X middle-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi N send -X search-reverse",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi T command-prompt -1p'jump to backward' 'send -X jump-to-backward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi T command-prompt -1p'(jump to backward)' 'send -X jump-to-backward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi V send -X select-line",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi W send -X next-space",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi ^ send -X back-to-indentation",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi b send -X previous-word",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi e send -X next-word-end",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi f command-prompt -1p'jump forward' 'send -X jump-forward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi f command-prompt -1p'(jump forward)' 'send -X jump-forward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi g send -X history-top",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi h send -X cursor-left",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi j send -X cursor-down",
@@ -356,7 +398,7 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi n send -X search-again",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi o send -X other-end",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi q send -X cancel",
-		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi t command-prompt -1p'jump to forward' 'send -X jump-to-forward \"%%%\"'",
+		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi t command-prompt -1p'(jump to forward)' 'send -X jump-to-forward \"%%%\"'",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi v send -X rectangle-toggle",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi w send -X next-word",
 		"bind -Tcopy-mode-vi { send -X previous-paragraph",
@@ -399,11 +441,11 @@ key_bindings_read_only(struct cmdq_item *item, __unused void *data)
 }

 void
-key_bindings_dispatch(struct key_binding *bd, struct client *c,
-    struct mouse_event *m, struct cmd_find_state *fs)
+key_bindings_dispatch(struct key_binding *bd, struct cmdq_item *item,
+    struct client *c, struct mouse_event *m, struct cmd_find_state *fs)
 {
 	struct cmd		*cmd;
-	struct cmdq_item	*item;
+	struct cmdq_item	*new_item;
 	int			 readonly;

 	readonly = 1;
@@ -412,10 +454,14 @@ key_bindings_dispatch(struct key_binding *bd, struct client *c,
 			readonly = 0;
 	}
 	if (!readonly && (c->flags & CLIENT_READONLY))
-		cmdq_append(c, cmdq_get_callback(key_bindings_read_only, NULL));
+		new_item = cmdq_get_callback(key_bindings_read_only, NULL);
 	else {
-		item = cmdq_get_command(bd->cmdlist, fs, m, 0);
-		item->repeat = bd->can_repeat;
-		cmdq_append(c, item);
+		new_item = cmdq_get_command(bd->cmdlist, fs, m, 0);
+		if (bd->flags & KEY_BINDING_REPEAT)
+			new_item->shared->flags |= CMDQ_SHARED_REPEAT;
 	}
+	if (item != NULL)
+		cmdq_insert_after(item, new_item);
+	else
+		cmdq_append(c, new_item);
 }
--- a/key-string.c
+++ b/key-string.c
@@ -110,12 +110,16 @@ static const struct {
 static key_code
 key_string_search_table(const char *string)
 {
-	u_int	i;
+	u_int	i, user;

 	for (i = 0; i < nitems(key_string_table); i++) {
 		if (strcasecmp(string, key_string_table[i].string) == 0)
 			return (key_string_table[i].key);
 	}
+
+	if (sscanf(string, "User%u", &user) == 1 && user < KEYC_NUSER)
+		return (KEYC_USER + user);
+
 	return (KEYC_UNKNOWN);
 }

@@ -162,9 +166,11 @@ key_string_lookup_string(const char *string)
 	enum utf8_state		 more;
 	wchar_t			 wc;

-	/* Is this no key? */
+	/* Is this no key or any key? */
 	if (strcasecmp(string, "None") == 0)
 		return (KEYC_NONE);
+	if (strcasecmp(string, "Any") == 0)
+		return (KEYC_ANY);

 	/* Is this a hexadecimal value? */
 	if (string[0] == '0' && string[1] == 'x') {
@@ -247,10 +253,16 @@ key_string_lookup_key(key_code key)
 	/* Handle special keys. */
 	if (key == KEYC_UNKNOWN)
 		return ("Unknown");
+	if (key == KEYC_ANY)
+		return ("Any");
 	if (key == KEYC_FOCUS_IN)
 		return ("FocusIn");
 	if (key == KEYC_FOCUS_OUT)
 		return ("FocusOut");
+	if (key == KEYC_PASTE_START)
+		return ("PasteStart");
+	if (key == KEYC_PASTE_END)
+		return ("PasteEnd");
 	if (key == KEYC_MOUSE)
 		return ("Mouse");
 	if (key == KEYC_DRAGGING)
@@ -261,6 +273,10 @@ key_string_lookup_key(key_code key)
 		return ("MouseMoveStatus");
 	if (key == KEYC_MOUSEMOVE_BORDER)
 		return ("MouseMoveBorder");
+	if (key >= KEYC_USER && key < KEYC_USER + KEYC_NUSER) {
+		snprintf(out, sizeof out, "User%u", (u_int)(key - KEYC_USER));
+		return (out);
+	}

 	/*
 	 * Special case: display C-@ as C-Space. Could do this below in
--- a/layout-set.c
+++ b/layout-set.c
@@ -115,11 +115,11 @@ layout_set_previous(struct window *w)
 }

 static void
-layout_set_even_h(struct window *w)
+layout_set_even(struct window *w, enum layout_type type)
 {
 	struct window_pane	*wp;
 	struct layout_cell	*lc, *lcnew;
-	u_int			 i, n, width, xoff;
+	u_int			 n;

 	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);

@@ -128,36 +128,23 @@ layout_set_even_h(struct window *w)
 	if (n <= 1)
 		return;

-	/* How many can we fit? */
-	width = (w->sx - (n - 1)) / n;
-	if (width < PANE_MINIMUM)
-		width = PANE_MINIMUM;
-
 	/* Free the old root and construct a new. */
 	layout_free(w);
 	lc = w->layout_root = layout_create_cell(NULL);
 	layout_set_size(lc, w->sx, w->sy, 0, 0);
-	layout_make_node(lc, LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT);
+	layout_make_node(lc, type);

 	/* Build new leaf cells. */
-	i = xoff = 0;
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
-		/* Create child cell. */
 		lcnew = layout_create_cell(lc);
-		layout_set_size(lcnew, width, w->sy, xoff, 0);
 		layout_make_leaf(lcnew, wp);
+		lcnew->sx = w->sx;
+		lcnew->sy = w->sy;
 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&lc->cells, lcnew, entry);
-
-		i++;
-		xoff += width + 1;
 	}

-	/* Allocate any remaining space. */
-	if (w->sx > xoff - 1) {
-		lc = TAILQ_LAST(&lc->cells, layout_cells);
-		layout_resize_adjust(w, lc, LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT,
-		    w->sx - (xoff - 1));
-	}
+	/* Spread out cells. */
+	layout_spread_cell(w, lc);

 	/* Fix cell offsets. */
 	layout_fix_offsets(lc);
@@ -165,61 +152,20 @@ layout_set_even_h(struct window *w)

 	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);

+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 	server_redraw_window(w);
 }

+static void
+layout_set_even_h(struct window *w)
+{
+	layout_set_even(w, LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT);
+}
+
 static void
 layout_set_even_v(struct window *w)
 {
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
-	struct layout_cell	*lc, *lcnew;
-	u_int			 i, n, height, yoff;
-
-	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);
-
-	/* Get number of panes. */
-	n = window_count_panes(w);
-	if (n <= 1)
-		return;
-
-	/* How many can we fit? */
-	height = (w->sy - (n - 1)) / n;
-	if (height < PANE_MINIMUM)
-		height = PANE_MINIMUM;
-
-	/* Free the old root and construct a new. */
-	layout_free(w);
-	lc = w->layout_root = layout_create_cell(NULL);
-	layout_set_size(lc, w->sx, w->sy, 0, 0);
-	layout_make_node(lc, LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM);
-
-	/* Build new leaf cells. */
-	i = yoff = 0;
-	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
-		/* Create child cell. */
-		lcnew = layout_create_cell(lc);
-		layout_set_size(lcnew, w->sx, height, 0, yoff);
-		layout_make_leaf(lcnew, wp);
-		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&lc->cells, lcnew, entry);
-
-		i++;
-		yoff += height + 1;
-	}
-
-	/* Allocate any remaining space. */
-	if (w->sy > yoff - 1) {
-		lc = TAILQ_LAST(&lc->cells, layout_cells);
-		layout_resize_adjust(w, lc, LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM,
-		    w->sy - (yoff - 1));
-	}
-
-	/* Fix cell offsets. */
-	layout_fix_offsets(lc);
-	layout_fix_panes(w, w->sx, w->sy);
-
-	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);
-
-	server_redraw_window(w);
+	layout_set_even(w, LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM);
 }

 static void
@@ -342,6 +288,7 @@ layout_set_main_h(struct window *w)

 	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);

+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 	server_redraw_window(w);
 }

@@ -465,6 +412,7 @@ layout_set_main_v(struct window *w)

 	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);

+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 	server_redraw_window(w);
 }

@@ -567,5 +515,6 @@ layout_set_tiled(struct window *w)

 	layout_print_cell(w->layout_root, __func__, 1);

+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 	server_redraw_window(w);
 }
--- a/layout.c
+++ b/layout.c
@@ -97,9 +97,24 @@ void
 layout_print_cell(struct layout_cell *lc, const char *hdr, u_int n)
 {
 	struct layout_cell	*lcchild;
+	const char		*type;

-	log_debug("%s:%*s%p type %u [parent %p] wp=%p [%u,%u %ux%u]", hdr, n,
-	    " ", lc, lc->type, lc->parent, lc->wp, lc->xoff, lc->yoff, lc->sx,
+	switch (lc->type) {
+	case LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT:
+		type = "LEFTRIGHT";
+		break;
+	case LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM:
+		type = "TOPBOTTOM";
+		break;
+	case LAYOUT_WINDOWPANE:
+		type = "WINDOWPANE";
+		break;
+	default:
+		type = "UNKNOWN";
+		break;
+	}
+	log_debug("%s:%*s%p type %s [parent %p] wp=%p [%u,%u %ux%u]", hdr, n,
+	    " ", lc, type, lc->parent, lc->wp, lc->xoff, lc->yoff, lc->sx,
 	    lc->sy);
 	switch (lc->type) {
 	case LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT:
@@ -112,6 +127,42 @@ layout_print_cell(struct layout_cell *lc, const char *hdr, u_int n)
 	}
 }

+struct layout_cell *
+layout_search_by_border(struct layout_cell *lc, u_int x, u_int y)
+{
+	struct layout_cell	*lcchild, *last = NULL;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(lcchild, &lc->cells, entry) {
+		if (x >= lcchild->xoff && x < lcchild->xoff + lcchild->sx &&
+		    y >= lcchild->yoff && y < lcchild->yoff + lcchild->sy) {
+			/* Inside the cell - recurse. */
+			return (layout_search_by_border(lcchild, x, y));
+		}
+
+		if (last == NULL) {
+			last = lcchild;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		switch (lc->type) {
+		case LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT:
+			if (x < lcchild->xoff && x >= last->xoff + last->sx)
+				return (last);
+			break;
+		case LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM:
+			if (y < lcchild->yoff && y >= last->yoff + last->sy)
+				return (last);
+			break;
+		case LAYOUT_WINDOWPANE:
+			break;
+		}
+
+		last = lcchild;
+	}
+
+	return (NULL);
+}
+
 void
 layout_set_size(struct layout_cell *lc, u_int sx, u_int sy, u_int xoff,
    u_int yoff)
@@ -535,29 +586,11 @@ layout_resize_pane_to(struct window_pane *wp, enum layout_type type,
 	layout_resize_pane(wp, type, change, 1);
 }

-/* Resize a single pane within the layout. */
 void
-layout_resize_pane(struct window_pane *wp, enum layout_type type, int change,
-    int opposite)
+layout_resize_layout(struct window *w, struct layout_cell *lc,
+    enum layout_type type, int change, int opposite)
 {
-	struct window		*w = wp->window;
-	struct layout_cell	*lc, *lcparent;
-	int			 needed, size;
-
-	lc = wp->layout_cell;
-
-	/* Find next parent of the same type. */
-	lcparent = lc->parent;
-	while (lcparent != NULL && lcparent->type != type) {
-		lc = lcparent;
-		lcparent = lc->parent;
-	}
-	if (lcparent == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	/* If this is the last cell, move back one. */
-	if (lc == TAILQ_LAST(&lcparent->cells, layout_cells))
-		lc = TAILQ_PREV(lc, layout_cells, entry);
+	int	needed, size;

 	/* Grow or shrink the cell. */
 	needed = change;
@@ -576,9 +609,34 @@ layout_resize_pane(struct window_pane *wp, enum layout_type type, int change,
 	}

 	/* Fix cell offsets. */
-	layout_fix_offsets(wp->window->layout_root);
-	layout_fix_panes(wp->window, wp->window->sx, wp->window->sy);
-	notify_window("window-layout-changed", wp->window);
+	layout_fix_offsets(w->layout_root);
+	layout_fix_panes(w, w->sx, w->sy);
+	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
+}
+
+/* Resize a single pane within the layout. */
+void
+layout_resize_pane(struct window_pane *wp, enum layout_type type, int change,
+    int opposite)
+{
+	struct layout_cell	*lc, *lcparent;
+
+	lc = wp->layout_cell;
+
+	/* Find next parent of the same type. */
+	lcparent = lc->parent;
+	while (lcparent != NULL && lcparent->type != type) {
+		lc = lcparent;
+		lcparent = lc->parent;
+	}
+	if (lcparent == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* If this is the last cell, move back one. */
+	if (lc == TAILQ_LAST(&lcparent->cells, layout_cells))
+		lc = TAILQ_PREV(lc, layout_cells, entry);
+
+	layout_resize_layout(wp->window, lc, type, change, opposite);
 }

 /* Helper function to grow pane. */
@@ -983,3 +1041,61 @@ layout_close_pane(struct window_pane *wp)
 	}
 	notify_window("window-layout-changed", w);
 }
+
+int
+layout_spread_cell(struct window *w, struct layout_cell *parent)
+{
+	struct layout_cell	*lc;
+	u_int			 number, each, size;
+	int			 change, changed;
+
+	number = 0;
+	TAILQ_FOREACH (lc, &parent->cells, entry)
+	    number++;
+	if (number <= 1)
+		return (0);
+
+	if (parent->type == LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT)
+		size = parent->sx;
+	else if (parent->type == LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM)
+		size = parent->sy;
+	else
+		return (0);
+	each = (size - (number - 1)) / number;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	TAILQ_FOREACH (lc, &parent->cells, entry) {
+		if (TAILQ_NEXT(lc, entry) == NULL)
+			each = size - ((each + 1) * (number - 1));
+		change = 0;
+		if (parent->type == LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT) {
+			change = each - (int)lc->sx;
+			layout_resize_adjust(w, lc, LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT, change);
+		} else if (parent->type == LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM) {
+			change = each - (int)lc->sy;
+			layout_resize_adjust(w, lc, LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM, change);
+		}
+		if (change != 0)
+			changed = 1;
+	}
+	return (changed);
+}
+
+void
+layout_spread_out(struct window_pane *wp)
+{
+	struct layout_cell	*parent;
+	struct window		*w = wp->window;
+
+	parent = wp->layout_cell->parent;
+	if (parent == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	do {
+		if (layout_spread_cell(w, parent)) {
+			layout_fix_offsets(parent);
+			layout_fix_panes(w, w->sx, w->sy);
+			break;
+		}
+	} while ((parent = parent->parent) != NULL);
+}
--- a/log.c
+++ b/log.c
@@ -61,12 +61,10 @@ log_open(const char *name)

 	if (log_level == 0)
 		return;
-
-	if (log_file != NULL)
-		fclose(log_file);
+	log_close();

 	xasprintf(&path, "tmux-%s-%ld.log", name, (long)getpid());
-	log_file = fopen(path, "w");
+	log_file = fopen(path, "a");
 	free(path);
 	if (log_file == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -75,6 +73,21 @@ log_open(const char *name)
 	event_set_log_callback(log_event_cb);
 }

+/* Toggle logging. */
+void
+log_toggle(const char *name)
+{
+	if (log_level == 0) {
+		log_level = 1;
+		log_open(name);
+		log_debug("log opened");
+	} else {
+		log_debug("log closed");
+		log_level = 0;
+		log_close();
+	}
+}
+
 /* Close logging. */
 void
 log_close(void)
--- a/mode-tree.c
+++ b/mode-tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,975 @@
+/* $OpenBSD$ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
+ * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "tmux.h"
+
+struct mode_tree_item;
+TAILQ_HEAD(mode_tree_list, mode_tree_item);
+
+struct mode_tree_data {
+	int			  dead;
+	u_int			  references;
+	int			  zoomed;
+
+	struct window_pane	 *wp;
+	void			 *modedata;
+
+	const char		**sort_list;
+	u_int			  sort_size;
+	u_int			  sort_type;
+
+	mode_tree_build_cb        buildcb;
+	mode_tree_draw_cb         drawcb;
+	mode_tree_search_cb       searchcb;
+
+	struct mode_tree_list	  children;
+	struct mode_tree_list	  saved;
+
+	struct mode_tree_line	 *line_list;
+	u_int			  line_size;
+
+	u_int			  depth;
+
+	u_int			  width;
+	u_int			  height;
+
+	u_int			  offset;
+	u_int			  current;
+
+	struct screen		  screen;
+
+	int			  preview;
+	char			 *search;
+	char			 *filter;
+	int			  no_matches;
+};
+
+struct mode_tree_item {
+	struct mode_tree_item		*parent;
+	void				*itemdata;
+	u_int				 line;
+
+	uint64_t			 tag;
+	const char			*name;
+	const char			*text;
+
+	int				 expanded;
+	int				 tagged;
+
+	struct mode_tree_list		 children;
+	TAILQ_ENTRY(mode_tree_item)	 entry;
+};
+
+struct mode_tree_line {
+	struct mode_tree_item		*item;
+	u_int				 depth;
+	int				 last;
+	int				 flat;
+};
+
+static void mode_tree_free_items(struct mode_tree_list *);
+
+static struct mode_tree_item *
+mode_tree_find_item(struct mode_tree_list *mtl, uint64_t tag)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti, *child;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(mti, mtl, entry) {
+		if (mti->tag == tag)
+			return (mti);
+		child = mode_tree_find_item(&mti->children, tag);
+		if (child != NULL)
+			return (child);
+	}
+	return (NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_free_item(struct mode_tree_item *mti)
+{
+	mode_tree_free_items(&mti->children);
+
+	free((void *)mti->name);
+	free((void *)mti->text);
+
+	free(mti);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_free_items(struct mode_tree_list *mtl)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti, *mti1;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(mti, mtl, entry, mti1) {
+		TAILQ_REMOVE(mtl, mti, entry);
+		mode_tree_free_item(mti);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_check_selected(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If the current line would now be off screen reset the offset to the
+	 * last visible line.
+	 */
+	if (mtd->current > mtd->height - 1)
+		mtd->offset = mtd->current - mtd->height + 1;
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_clear_lines(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	free(mtd->line_list);
+	mtd->line_list = NULL;
+	mtd->line_size = 0;
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_build_lines(struct mode_tree_data *mtd,
+    struct mode_tree_list *mtl, u_int depth)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti;
+	struct mode_tree_line	*line;
+	u_int			 i;
+	int			 flat = 1;
+
+	mtd->depth = depth;
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(mti, mtl, entry) {
+		mtd->line_list = xreallocarray(mtd->line_list,
+		    mtd->line_size + 1, sizeof *mtd->line_list);
+
+		line = &mtd->line_list[mtd->line_size++];
+		line->item = mti;
+		line->depth = depth;
+		line->last = (mti == TAILQ_LAST(mtl, mode_tree_list));
+
+		mti->line = (mtd->line_size - 1);
+		if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mti->children))
+			flat = 0;
+		if (mti->expanded)
+			mode_tree_build_lines(mtd, &mti->children, depth + 1);
+	}
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(mti, mtl, entry) {
+		for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+			line = &mtd->line_list[i];
+			if (line->item == mti)
+				line->flat = flat;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_clear_tagged(struct mode_tree_list *mtl)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(mti, mtl, entry) {
+		mti->tagged = 0;
+		mode_tree_clear_tagged(&mti->children);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_up(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, int wrap)
+{
+	if (mtd->current == 0) {
+		if (wrap) {
+			mtd->current = mtd->line_size - 1;
+			if (mtd->line_size >= mtd->height)
+				mtd->offset = mtd->line_size - mtd->height;
+		}
+	} else {
+		mtd->current--;
+		if (mtd->current < mtd->offset)
+			mtd->offset--;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_down(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, int wrap)
+{
+	if (mtd->current == mtd->line_size - 1) {
+		if (wrap) {
+			mtd->current = 0;
+			mtd->offset = 0;
+		}
+	} else {
+		mtd->current++;
+		if (mtd->current > mtd->offset + mtd->height - 1)
+			mtd->offset++;
+	}
+}
+
+void *
+mode_tree_get_current(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	return (mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item->itemdata);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_expand_current(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	if (!mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item->expanded) {
+		mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item->expanded = 1;
+		mode_tree_build(mtd);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_set_current(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, uint64_t tag)
+{
+	u_int	i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+		if (mtd->line_list[i].item->tag == tag)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (i != mtd->line_size) {
+		mtd->current = i;
+		if (mtd->current > mtd->height - 1)
+			mtd->offset = mtd->current - mtd->height + 1;
+		else
+			mtd->offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		mtd->current = 0;
+		mtd->offset = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+u_int
+mode_tree_count_tagged(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti;
+	u_int			 i, tagged;
+
+	tagged = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+		mti = mtd->line_list[i].item;
+		if (mti->tagged)
+			tagged++;
+	}
+	return (tagged);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_each_tagged(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, mode_tree_each_cb cb,
+    struct client *c, key_code key, int current)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti;
+	u_int			 i;
+	int			 fired;
+
+	fired = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+		mti = mtd->line_list[i].item;
+		if (mti->tagged) {
+			fired = 1;
+			cb(mtd->modedata, mti->itemdata, c, key);
+		}
+	}
+	if (!fired && current) {
+		mti = mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item;
+		cb(mtd->modedata, mti->itemdata, c, key);
+	}
+}
+
+struct mode_tree_data *
+mode_tree_start(struct window_pane *wp, struct args *args,
+    mode_tree_build_cb buildcb, mode_tree_draw_cb drawcb,
+    mode_tree_search_cb searchcb, void *modedata, const char **sort_list,
+    u_int sort_size, struct screen **s)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_data	*mtd;
+	const char		*sort;
+	u_int			 i;
+
+	mtd = xcalloc(1, sizeof *mtd);
+	mtd->references = 1;
+
+	mtd->wp = wp;
+	mtd->modedata = modedata;
+
+	mtd->sort_list = sort_list;
+	mtd->sort_size = sort_size;
+	mtd->sort_type = 0;
+
+	mtd->preview = !args_has(args, 'N');
+
+	sort = args_get(args, 'O');
+	if (sort != NULL) {
+		for (i = 0; i < sort_size; i++) {
+			if (strcasecmp(sort, sort_list[i]) == 0)
+				mtd->sort_type = i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (args_has(args, 'f'))
+		mtd->filter = xstrdup(args_get(args, 'f'));
+	else
+		mtd->filter = NULL;
+
+	mtd->buildcb = buildcb;
+	mtd->drawcb = drawcb;
+	mtd->searchcb = searchcb;
+
+	TAILQ_INIT(&mtd->children);
+
+	*s = &mtd->screen;
+	screen_init(*s, screen_size_x(&wp->base), screen_size_y(&wp->base), 0);
+	(*s)->mode &= ~MODE_CURSOR;
+
+	return (mtd);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_zoom(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, struct args *args)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = mtd->wp;
+
+	if (args_has(args, 'Z')) {
+		mtd->zoomed = (wp->window->flags & WINDOW_ZOOMED);
+		if (!mtd->zoomed && window_zoom(wp) == 0)
+			server_redraw_window(wp->window);
+	} else
+		mtd->zoomed = -1;
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_build(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct screen	*s = &mtd->screen;
+	uint64_t	 tag;
+
+	if (mtd->line_list != NULL)
+		tag = mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item->tag;
+	else
+		tag = 0;
+
+	TAILQ_CONCAT(&mtd->saved, &mtd->children, entry);
+	TAILQ_INIT(&mtd->children);
+
+	mtd->buildcb(mtd->modedata, mtd->sort_type, &tag, mtd->filter);
+	mtd->no_matches = TAILQ_EMPTY(&mtd->children);
+	if (mtd->no_matches)
+		mtd->buildcb(mtd->modedata, mtd->sort_type, &tag, NULL);
+
+	mode_tree_free_items(&mtd->saved);
+	TAILQ_INIT(&mtd->saved);
+
+	mode_tree_clear_lines(mtd);
+	mode_tree_build_lines(mtd, &mtd->children, 0);
+
+	mode_tree_set_current(mtd, tag);
+
+	mtd->width = screen_size_x(s);
+	if (mtd->preview) {
+		mtd->height = (screen_size_y(s) / 3) * 2;
+		if (mtd->height > mtd->line_size)
+			mtd->height = screen_size_y(s) / 2;
+		if (mtd->height < 10)
+			mtd->height = screen_size_y(s);
+		if (screen_size_y(s) - mtd->height < 2)
+			mtd->height = screen_size_y(s);
+	} else
+		mtd->height = screen_size_y(s);
+	mode_tree_check_selected(mtd);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_remove_ref(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	if (--mtd->references == 0)
+		free(mtd);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_free(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = mtd->wp;
+
+	if (mtd->zoomed == 0)
+		server_unzoom_window(wp->window);
+
+	mode_tree_free_items(&mtd->children);
+	mode_tree_clear_lines(mtd);
+	screen_free(&mtd->screen);
+
+	free(mtd->search);
+	free(mtd->filter);
+
+	mtd->dead = 1;
+	mode_tree_remove_ref(mtd);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_resize(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, u_int sx, u_int sy)
+{
+	struct screen	*s = &mtd->screen;
+
+	screen_resize(s, sx, sy, 0);
+
+	mode_tree_build(mtd);
+	mode_tree_draw(mtd);
+
+	mtd->wp->flags |= PANE_REDRAW;
+}
+
+struct mode_tree_item *
+mode_tree_add(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, struct mode_tree_item *parent,
+    void *itemdata, uint64_t tag, const char *name, const char *text,
+    int expanded)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti, *saved;
+
+	log_debug("%s: %llu, %s %s", __func__, (unsigned long long)tag,
+	    name, text);
+
+	mti = xcalloc(1, sizeof *mti);
+	mti->parent = parent;
+	mti->itemdata = itemdata;
+
+	mti->tag = tag;
+	mti->name = xstrdup(name);
+	mti->text = xstrdup(text);
+
+	saved = mode_tree_find_item(&mtd->saved, tag);
+	if (saved != NULL) {
+		if (parent == NULL || (parent != NULL && parent->expanded))
+			mti->tagged = saved->tagged;
+		mti->expanded = saved->expanded;
+	} else if (expanded == -1)
+		mti->expanded = 1;
+	else
+		mti->expanded = expanded;
+
+	TAILQ_INIT(&mti->children);
+
+	if (parent != NULL)
+		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&parent->children, mti, entry);
+	else
+		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mtd->children, mti, entry);
+
+	return (mti);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_remove(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, struct mode_tree_item *mti)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*parent = mti->parent;
+
+	if (parent != NULL)
+		TAILQ_REMOVE(&parent->children, mti, entry);
+	else
+		TAILQ_REMOVE(&mtd->children, mti, entry);
+	mode_tree_free_item(mti);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_draw(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = mtd->wp;
+	struct screen		*s = &mtd->screen;
+	struct mode_tree_line	*line;
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti;
+	struct options		*oo = wp->window->options;
+	struct screen_write_ctx	 ctx;
+	struct grid_cell	 gc0, gc;
+	u_int			 w, h, i, j, sy, box_x, box_y;
+	char			*text, *start, key[7];
+	const char		*tag, *symbol;
+	size_t			 size, n;
+	int			 keylen;
+
+	if (mtd->line_size == 0)
+		return;
+
+	memcpy(&gc0, &grid_default_cell, sizeof gc0);
+	memcpy(&gc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof gc);
+	style_apply(&gc, oo, "mode-style");
+
+	w = mtd->width;
+	h = mtd->height;
+
+	screen_write_start(&ctx, NULL, s);
+	screen_write_clearscreen(&ctx, 8);
+
+	if (mtd->line_size > 10)
+		keylen = 6;
+	else
+		keylen = 4;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+		if (i < mtd->offset)
+			continue;
+		if (i > mtd->offset + h - 1)
+			break;
+
+		line = &mtd->line_list[i];
+		mti = line->item;
+
+		screen_write_cursormove(&ctx, 0, i - mtd->offset);
+
+		if (i < 10)
+			snprintf(key, sizeof key, "(%c)  ", '0' + i);
+		else if (i < 36)
+			snprintf(key, sizeof key, "(M-%c)", 'a' + (i - 10));
+		else
+			*key = '\0';
+
+		if (line->flat)
+			symbol = "";
+		else if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mti->children))
+			symbol = "  ";
+		else if (mti->expanded)
+			symbol = "- ";
+		else
+			symbol = "+ ";
+
+		if (line->depth == 0)
+			start = xstrdup(symbol);
+		else {
+			size = (4 * line->depth) + 32;
+
+			start = xcalloc(1, size);
+			for (j = 1; j < line->depth; j++) {
+				if (mti->parent != NULL &&
+				    mtd->line_list[mti->parent->line].last)
+					strlcat(start, "    ", size);
+				else
+					strlcat(start, "\001x\001   ", size);
+			}
+			if (line->last)
+				strlcat(start, "\001mq\001> ", size);
+			else
+				strlcat(start, "\001tq\001> ", size);
+			strlcat(start, symbol, size);
+		}
+
+		if (mti->tagged)
+			tag = "*";
+		else
+			tag = "";
+		xasprintf(&text, "%-*s%s%s%s: %s", keylen, key, start,
+		    mti->name, tag, mti->text);
+		free(start);
+
+		if (mti->tagged) {
+			gc.attr ^= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
+			gc0.attr ^= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
+		}
+
+		if (i != mtd->current) {
+			screen_write_nputs(&ctx, w, &gc0, "%s", text);
+			screen_write_clearendofline(&ctx, 8);
+		} else {
+			screen_write_nputs(&ctx, w, &gc, "%s", text);
+			screen_write_clearendofline(&ctx, gc.bg);
+		}
+		free(text);
+
+		if (mti->tagged) {
+			gc.attr ^= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
+			gc0.attr ^= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
+		}
+	}
+
+	sy = screen_size_y(s);
+	if (!mtd->preview || sy <= 4 || h <= 4 || sy - h <= 4 || w <= 4) {
+		screen_write_stop(&ctx);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	line = &mtd->line_list[mtd->current];
+	mti = line->item;
+
+	screen_write_cursormove(&ctx, 0, h);
+	screen_write_box(&ctx, w, sy - h);
+
+	xasprintf(&text, " %s (sort: %s)", mti->name,
+	    mtd->sort_list[mtd->sort_type]);
+	if (w - 2 >= strlen(text)) {
+		screen_write_cursormove(&ctx, 1, h);
+		screen_write_puts(&ctx, &gc0, "%s", text);
+
+		if (mtd->no_matches)
+			n = (sizeof "no matches") - 1;
+		else
+			n = (sizeof "active") - 1;
+		if (mtd->filter != NULL && w - 2 >= strlen(text) + 10 + n + 2) {
+			screen_write_puts(&ctx, &gc0, " (filter: ");
+			if (mtd->no_matches)
+				screen_write_puts(&ctx, &gc, "no matches");
+			else
+				screen_write_puts(&ctx, &gc0, "active");
+			screen_write_puts(&ctx, &gc0, ") ");
+		}
+	}
+	free(text);
+
+	box_x = w - 4;
+	box_y = sy - h - 2;
+
+	if (box_x != 0 && box_y != 0) {
+		screen_write_cursormove(&ctx, 2, h + 1);
+		mtd->drawcb(mtd->modedata, mti->itemdata, &ctx, box_x, box_y);
+	}
+
+	screen_write_stop(&ctx);
+}
+
+static struct mode_tree_item *
+mode_tree_search_for(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti, *last, *next;
+
+	if (mtd->search == NULL)
+		return (NULL);
+
+	mti = last = mtd->line_list[mtd->current].item;
+	for (;;) {
+		if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&mti->children))
+			mti = TAILQ_FIRST(&mti->children);
+		else if ((next = TAILQ_NEXT(mti, entry)) != NULL)
+			mti = next;
+		else {
+			for (;;) {
+				mti = mti->parent;
+				if (mti == NULL)
+					break;
+				if ((next = TAILQ_NEXT(mti, entry)) != NULL) {
+					mti = next;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (mti == NULL)
+			mti = TAILQ_FIRST(&mtd->children);
+		if (mti == last)
+			break;
+
+		if (mtd->searchcb == NULL) {
+			if (strstr(mti->name, mtd->search) != NULL)
+				return (mti);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (mtd->searchcb(mtd->modedata, mti->itemdata, mtd->search))
+			return (mti);
+	}
+	return (NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_search_set(struct mode_tree_data *mtd)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_item	*mti, *loop;
+	uint64_t		 tag;
+
+	mti = mode_tree_search_for(mtd);
+	if (mti == NULL)
+		return;
+	tag = mti->tag;
+
+	loop = mti->parent;
+	while (loop != NULL) {
+		loop->expanded = 1;
+		loop = loop->parent;
+	}
+
+	mode_tree_build(mtd);
+	mode_tree_set_current(mtd, tag);
+	mode_tree_draw(mtd);
+	mtd->wp->flags |= PANE_REDRAW;
+}
+
+static int
+mode_tree_search_callback(__unused struct client *c, void *data, const char *s,
+    __unused int done)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_data	*mtd = data;
+
+	if (mtd->dead)
+		return (0);
+
+	free(mtd->search);
+	if (s == NULL || *s == '\0') {
+		mtd->search = NULL;
+		return (0);
+	}
+	mtd->search = xstrdup(s);
+	mode_tree_search_set(mtd);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_search_free(void *data)
+{
+	mode_tree_remove_ref(data);
+}
+
+static int
+mode_tree_filter_callback(__unused struct client *c, void *data, const char *s,
+    __unused int done)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_data	*mtd = data;
+
+	if (mtd->dead)
+		return (0);
+
+	if (mtd->filter != NULL)
+		free(mtd->filter);
+	if (s == NULL || *s == '\0')
+		mtd->filter = NULL;
+	else
+		mtd->filter = xstrdup(s);
+
+	mode_tree_build(mtd);
+	mode_tree_draw(mtd);
+	mtd->wp->flags |= PANE_REDRAW;
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+mode_tree_filter_free(void *data)
+{
+	mode_tree_remove_ref(data);
+}
+
+int
+mode_tree_key(struct mode_tree_data *mtd, struct client *c, key_code *key,
+    struct mouse_event *m, u_int *xp, u_int *yp)
+{
+	struct mode_tree_line	*line;
+	struct mode_tree_item	*current, *parent;
+	u_int			 i, x, y;
+	int			 choice;
+	key_code		 tmp;
+
+	if (KEYC_IS_MOUSE(*key)) {
+		if (cmd_mouse_at(mtd->wp, m, &x, &y, 0) != 0) {
+			*key = KEYC_NONE;
+			return (0);
+		}
+		if (xp != NULL)
+			*xp = x;
+		if (yp != NULL)
+			*yp = y;
+		if (x > mtd->width || y > mtd->height) {
+			if (!mtd->preview)
+				*key = KEYC_NONE;
+			return (0);
+		}
+		if (mtd->offset + y < mtd->line_size) {
+			if (*key == KEYC_MOUSEDOWN1_PANE ||
+			    *key == KEYC_DOUBLECLICK1_PANE)
+				mtd->current = mtd->offset + y;
+			if (*key == KEYC_DOUBLECLICK1_PANE)
+				*key = '\r';
+			else
+				*key = KEYC_NONE;
+		} else
+			*key = KEYC_NONE;
+		return (0);
+	}
+
+	line = &mtd->line_list[mtd->current];
+	current = line->item;
+
+	choice = -1;
+	if (*key >= '0' && *key <= '9')
+		choice = (*key) - '0';
+	else if (((*key) & KEYC_MASK_MOD) == KEYC_ESCAPE) {
+		tmp = (*key) & KEYC_MASK_KEY;
+		if (tmp >= 'a' && tmp <= 'z')
+			choice = 10 + (tmp - 'a');
+	}
+	if (choice != -1) {
+		if ((u_int)choice > mtd->line_size - 1) {
+			*key = KEYC_NONE;
+			return (0);
+		}
+		mtd->current = choice;
+		*key = '\r';
+		return (0);
+	}
+
+	switch (*key) {
+	case 'q':
+	case '\033': /* Escape */
+	case '\007': /* C-g */
+		return (1);
+	case KEYC_UP:
+	case 'k':
+	case KEYC_WHEELUP_PANE:
+	case '\020': /* C-p */
+		mode_tree_up(mtd, 1);
+		break;
+	case KEYC_DOWN:
+	case 'j':
+	case KEYC_WHEELDOWN_PANE:
+	case '\016': /* C-n */
+		mode_tree_down(mtd, 1);
+		break;
+	case KEYC_PPAGE:
+	case '\002': /* C-b */
+		for (i = 0; i < mtd->height; i++) {
+			if (mtd->current == 0)
+				break;
+			mode_tree_up(mtd, 1);
+		}
+		break;
+	case KEYC_NPAGE:
+	case '\006': /* C-f */
+		for (i = 0; i < mtd->height; i++) {
+			if (mtd->current == mtd->line_size - 1)
+				break;
+			mode_tree_down(mtd, 1);
+		}
+		break;
+	case KEYC_HOME:
+		mtd->current = 0;
+		mtd->offset = 0;
+		break;
+	case KEYC_END:
+		mtd->current = mtd->line_size - 1;
+		if (mtd->current > mtd->height - 1)
+			mtd->offset = mtd->current - mtd->height + 1;
+		else
+			mtd->offset = 0;
+		break;
+	case 't':
+		/*
+		 * Do not allow parents and children to both be tagged: untag
+		 * all parents and children of current.
+		 */
+		if (!current->tagged) {
+			parent = current->parent;
+			while (parent != NULL) {
+				parent->tagged = 0;
+				parent = parent->parent;
+			}
+			mode_tree_clear_tagged(&current->children);
+			current->tagged = 1;
+		} else
+			current->tagged = 0;
+		mode_tree_down(mtd, 0);
+		break;
+	case 'T':
+		for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++)
+			mtd->line_list[i].item->tagged = 0;
+		break;
+	case '\024': /* C-t */
+		for (i = 0; i < mtd->line_size; i++) {
+			if (mtd->line_list[i].item->parent == NULL)
+				mtd->line_list[i].item->tagged = 1;
+			else
+				mtd->line_list[i].item->tagged = 0;
+		}
+		break;
+	case 'O':
+		mtd->sort_type++;
+		if (mtd->sort_type == mtd->sort_size)
+			mtd->sort_type = 0;
+		mode_tree_build(mtd);
+		break;
+	case KEYC_LEFT:
+	case 'h':
+	case '-':
+		if (line->flat || !current->expanded)
+			current = current->parent;
+		if (current == NULL)
+			mode_tree_up(mtd, 0);
+		else {
+			current->expanded = 0;
+			mtd->current = current->line;
+			mode_tree_build(mtd);
+		}
+		break;
+	case KEYC_RIGHT:
+	case 'l':
+	case '+':
+		if (line->flat || current->expanded)
+			mode_tree_down(mtd, 0);
+		else if (!line->flat) {
+			current->expanded = 1;
+			mode_tree_build(mtd);
+		}
+		break;
+	case '\023': /* C-s */
+		mtd->references++;
+		status_prompt_set(c, "(search) ", "",
+		    mode_tree_search_callback, mode_tree_search_free, mtd,
+		    PROMPT_NOFORMAT);
+		break;
+	case 'n':
+		mode_tree_search_set(mtd);
+		break;
+	case 'f':
+		mtd->references++;
+		status_prompt_set(c, "(filter) ", mtd->filter,
+		    mode_tree_filter_callback, mode_tree_filter_free, mtd,
+		    PROMPT_NOFORMAT);
+		break;
+	case 'v':
+		mtd->preview = !mtd->preview;
+		mode_tree_build(mtd);
+		if (mtd->preview)
+			mode_tree_check_selected(mtd);
+		break;
+	}
+	return (0);
+}
+
+void
+mode_tree_run_command(struct client *c, struct cmd_find_state *fs,
+    const char *template, const char *name)
+{
+	struct cmdq_item	*new_item;
+	struct cmd_list		*cmdlist;
+	char			*command, *cause;
+
+	command = cmd_template_replace(template, name, 1);
+	if (command == NULL || *command == '\0') {
+		free(command);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	cmdlist = cmd_string_parse(command, NULL, 0, &cause);
+	if (cmdlist == NULL) {
+		if (cause != NULL && c != NULL) {
+			*cause = toupper((u_char)*cause);
+			status_message_set(c, "%s", cause);
+		}
+		free(cause);
+	} else {
+		new_item = cmdq_get_command(cmdlist, fs, NULL, 0);
+		cmdq_append(c, new_item);
+		cmd_list_free(cmdlist);
+	}
+
+	free(command);
+}
--- a/names.c
+++ b/names.c
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ format_window_name(struct window *w)
 	const char		*fmt;
 	char			*name;

-	ft = format_create(NULL, FORMAT_WINDOW|w->id, 0);
+	ft = format_create(NULL, NULL, FORMAT_WINDOW|w->id, 0);
 	format_defaults_window(ft, w);
 	format_defaults_pane(ft, w->active);

@@ -151,7 +151,9 @@ parse_window_name(const char *in)

 	if (*name != '\0') {
 		ptr = name + strlen(name) - 1;
-		while (ptr > name && !isalnum((u_char)*ptr))
+		while (ptr > name &&
+		    !isalnum((u_char)*ptr) &&
+		    !ispunct((u_char)*ptr))
 			*ptr-- = '\0';
 	}

--- a/notify.c
+++ b/notify.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ struct notify_entry {
 };

 static void
-notify_hook(struct cmdq_item *item, struct notify_entry *ne)
+notify_hook1(struct cmdq_item *item, struct notify_entry *ne)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	 fs;
 	struct hook		*hook;
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ notify_hook(struct cmdq_item *item, struct notify_entry *ne)
 	struct session		*s = ne->session;
 	struct window		*w = ne->window;

-	cmd_find_clear_state(&fs, NULL, 0);
+	cmd_find_clear_state(&fs, 0);
 	if (cmd_find_empty_state(&ne->fs) || !cmd_find_valid_state(&ne->fs))
-		cmd_find_current(&fs, item, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
+		cmd_find_from_nothing(&fs, 0);
 	else
 		cmd_find_copy_state(&fs, &ne->fs);

@@ -78,8 +78,12 @@ notify_callback(struct cmdq_item *item, void *data)

 	log_debug("%s: %s", __func__, ne->name);

+	if (strcmp(ne->name, "pane-mode-changed") == 0)
+		control_notify_pane_mode_changed(ne->pane);
 	if (strcmp(ne->name, "window-layout-changed") == 0)
 		control_notify_window_layout_changed(ne->window);
+	if (strcmp(ne->name, "window-pane-changed") == 0)
+		control_notify_window_pane_changed(ne->window);
 	if (strcmp(ne->name, "window-unlinked") == 0)
 		control_notify_window_unlinked(ne->session, ne->window);
 	if (strcmp(ne->name, "window-linked") == 0)
@@ -94,18 +98,20 @@ notify_callback(struct cmdq_item *item, void *data)
 		control_notify_session_created(ne->session);
 	if (strcmp(ne->name, "session-closed") == 0)
 		control_notify_session_closed(ne->session);
+	if (strcmp(ne->name, "session-window-changed") == 0)
+		control_notify_session_window_changed(ne->session);

-	notify_hook(item, ne);
+	notify_hook1(item, ne);

 	if (ne->client != NULL)
 		server_client_unref(ne->client);
 	if (ne->session != NULL)
-		session_unref(ne->session);
+		session_remove_ref(ne->session, __func__);
 	if (ne->window != NULL)
-		window_remove_ref(ne->window);
+		window_remove_ref(ne->window, __func__);

 	if (ne->fs.s != NULL)
-		session_unref(ne->fs.s);
+		session_remove_ref(ne->fs.s, __func__);

 	free((void *)ne->name);
 	free(ne);
@@ -135,18 +141,36 @@ notify_add(const char *name, struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct client *c,
 	if (c != NULL)
 		c->references++;
 	if (s != NULL)
-		s->references++;
+		session_add_ref(s, __func__);
 	if (w != NULL)
-		w->references++;
+		window_add_ref(w, __func__);

 	cmd_find_copy_state(&ne->fs, fs);
-	if (ne->fs.s != NULL)
-		ne->fs.s->references++; /* cmd_find_valid_state need session */
+	if (ne->fs.s != NULL) /* cmd_find_valid_state needs session */
+		session_add_ref(ne->fs.s, __func__);

 	new_item = cmdq_get_callback(notify_callback, ne);
 	cmdq_append(NULL, new_item);
 }

+void
+notify_hook(struct cmdq_item *item, const char *name)
+{
+	struct notify_entry	ne;
+
+	memset(&ne, 0, sizeof ne);
+
+	ne.name = name;
+	cmd_find_copy_state(&ne.fs, &item->target);
+
+	ne.client = item->client;
+	ne.session = item->target.s;
+	ne.window = item->target.w;
+	ne.pane = item->target.wp->id;
+
+	notify_hook1(item, &ne);
+}
+
 void
 notify_input(struct window_pane *wp, struct evbuffer *input)
 {
@@ -163,10 +187,7 @@ notify_client(const char *name, struct client *c)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

-	if (c->session != NULL)
-		cmd_find_from_session(&fs, c->session);
-	else
-		cmd_find_current(&fs, NULL, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
+	cmd_find_from_client(&fs, c, 0);
 	notify_add(name, &fs, c, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 }

@@ -176,19 +197,19 @@ notify_session(const char *name, struct session *s)
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

 	if (session_alive(s))
-		cmd_find_from_session(&fs, s);
+		cmd_find_from_session(&fs, s, 0);
 	else
-		cmd_find_current(&fs, NULL, CMD_FIND_QUIET);
+		cmd_find_from_nothing(&fs, 0);
 	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, s, NULL, NULL);
 }

 void
-notify_winlink(const char *name, struct session *s, struct winlink *wl)
+notify_winlink(const char *name, struct winlink *wl)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

-	cmd_find_from_winlink(&fs, s, wl);
-	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, s, wl->window, NULL);
+	cmd_find_from_winlink(&fs, wl, 0);
+	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, wl->session, wl->window, NULL);
 }

 void
@@ -196,7 +217,7 @@ notify_session_window(const char *name, struct session *s, struct window *w)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

-	cmd_find_from_session_window(&fs, s, w);
+	cmd_find_from_session_window(&fs, s, w, 0);
 	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, s, w, NULL);
 }

@@ -205,7 +226,7 @@ notify_window(const char *name, struct window *w)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

-	cmd_find_from_window(&fs, w);
+	cmd_find_from_window(&fs, w, 0);
 	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, NULL, w, NULL);
 }

@@ -214,6 +235,6 @@ notify_pane(const char *name, struct window_pane *wp)
 {
 	struct cmd_find_state	fs;

-	cmd_find_from_pane(&fs, wp);
+	cmd_find_from_pane(&fs, wp, 0);
 	notify_add(name, &fs, NULL, NULL, NULL, wp);
 }
--- a/options-table.c
+++ b/options-table.c
@@ -50,9 +50,15 @@ static const char *options_table_status_position_list[] = {
 static const char *options_table_bell_action_list[] = {
 	"none", "any", "current", "other", NULL
 };
+static const char *options_table_visual_bell_list[] = {
+	"off", "on", "both", NULL
+};
 static const char *options_table_pane_status_list[] = {
 	"off", "top", "bottom", NULL
 };
+static const char *options_table_set_clipboard_list[] = {
+	"off", "external", "on", NULL
+};

 /* Top-level options. */
 const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
@@ -61,7 +67,7 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
 	  .minimum = 1,
 	  .maximum = INT_MAX,
-	  .default_num = 20
+	  .default_num = 50
 	},

 	{ .name = "command-alias",
@@ -70,7 +76,9 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .default_str = "split-pane=split-window,"
 			 "splitp=split-window,"
 			 "server-info=show-messages -JT,"
-			 "info=show-messages -JT",
+			 "info=show-messages -JT,"
+			 "choose-window=choose-tree -w,"
+			 "choose-session=choose-tree -s",
 	  .separator = ","
 	},

@@ -88,6 +96,12 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .default_num = 500
 	},

+	{ .name = "exit-empty",
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
+	  .default_num = 1
+	},
+
 	{ .name = "exit-unattached",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
@@ -115,8 +129,9 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	},

 	{ .name = "set-clipboard",
-	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
+	  .choices = options_table_set_clipboard_list,
 	  .default_num = 1
 	},

@@ -124,11 +139,25 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_ARRAY,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
 	  .default_str = "xterm*:XT:Ms=\\E]52;%p1%s;%p2%s\\007"
-	                 ":Cs=\\E]12;%p1%s\\007:Cr=\\E]112\\007"
+			 ":Cs=\\E]12;%p1%s\\007:Cr=\\E]112\\007"
 			 ":Ss=\\E[%p1%d q:Se=\\E[2 q,screen*:XT",
 	  .separator = ","
 	},

+	{ .name = "user-keys",
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_ARRAY,
+	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER,
+	  .default_str = "",
+	  .separator = ","
+	},
+
+	{ .name = "activity-action",
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
+	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
+	  .choices = options_table_bell_action_list,
+	  .default_num = ALERT_OTHER
+	},
+
 	{ .name = "assume-paste-time",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_NUMBER,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
@@ -149,13 +178,7 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
 	  .choices = options_table_bell_action_list,
-	  .default_num = BELL_ANY
-	},
-
-	{ .name = "bell-on-alert",
-	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
-	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
-	  .default_num = 0
+	  .default_num = ALERT_ANY
 	},

 	{ .name = "default-command",
@@ -336,6 +359,13 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .default_str = "#S:#I:#W - \"#T\" #{session_alerts}"
 	},

+	{ .name = "silence-action",
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
+	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
+	  .choices = options_table_bell_action_list,
+	  .default_num = ALERT_OTHER
+	},
+
 	{ .name = "status",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
@@ -483,26 +513,29 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	{ .name = "update-environment",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_ARRAY,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
-	  .default_str = "DISPLAY SSH_ASKPASS SSH_AUTH_SOCK SSH_AGENT_PID "
-	                 "SSH_CONNECTION WINDOWID XAUTHORITY"
+	  .default_str = "DISPLAY KRB5CCNAME SSH_ASKPASS SSH_AUTH_SOCK "
+	  		 "SSH_AGENT_PID SSH_CONNECTION WINDOWID XAUTHORITY"
 	},

 	{ .name = "visual-activity",
-	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
-	  .default_num = 0
+	  .choices = options_table_visual_bell_list,
+	  .default_num = VISUAL_OFF
 	},

 	{ .name = "visual-bell",
-	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
-	  .default_num = 0
+	  .choices = options_table_visual_bell_list,
+	  .default_num = VISUAL_OFF
 	},

 	{ .name = "visual-silence",
-	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION,
-	  .default_num = 0
+	  .choices = options_table_visual_bell_list,
+	  .default_num = VISUAL_OFF
 	},

 	{ .name = "word-separators",
@@ -520,7 +553,7 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	{ .name = "allow-rename",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW,
-	  .default_num = 1
+	  .default_num = 0
 	},

 	{ .name = "alternate-screen",
@@ -539,7 +572,7 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_STRING,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW,
 	  .default_str = "#{?pane_in_mode,[tmux],#{pane_current_command}}"
-	                 "#{?pane_dead,[dead],}"
+			 "#{?pane_dead,[dead],}"
 	},

 	{ .name = "clock-mode-colour",
@@ -627,6 +660,12 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .default_num = 0
 	},

+	{ .name = "monitor-bell",
+	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG,
+	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW,
+	  .default_num = 1
+	},
+
 	{ .name = "monitor-silence",
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_NUMBER,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW,
@@ -697,7 +736,7 @@ const struct options_table_entry options_table[] = {
 	  .type = OPTIONS_TABLE_STRING,
 	  .scope = OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW,
 	  .default_str = "#{?pane_active,#[reverse],}#{pane_index}#[default] "
-	                 "\"#{pane_title}\""
+			 "\"#{pane_title}\""
 	},

 	{ .name = "pane-border-status",
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More